Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research最新文献

筛选

英文中文

Factors of Low CD4 Cells Count in Treatment-naïve HIV Subjects in Southeast Nigeria 尼日利亚东南部Treatment-naïve HIV感染者CD4细胞计数低的因素

Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research Pub Date : 2017-02-28 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6113.1000668

Ernest Ndukaife Anyabolu

{"title":"Factors of Low CD4 Cells Count in Treatment-naïve HIV Subjects in Southeast Nigeria","authors":"Ernest Ndukaife Anyabolu","doi":"10.4172/2155-6113.1000668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6113.1000668","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a global healthcare problem. Low CD4 cells count, an index of immunosuppression, is associated with escalating activity and progression of HIV infection. The factors which influence low CD4 cells count have not been completely identified nor are they evaluated in routine clinical practice. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of low CD4 cells count and to evaluate the factors which might influence immunosuppression in treatment-naive HIV subjects in Southeast Nigeria. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study involving treatment-naive HIV subjects. Anthropometric and demographic data were obtained and CD4 cells count and other relevant investigations performed. The data were compared between those who have low CD4 cells count, defined, here, as CD4 <200 cells/ml, and those with CD4 ≥ 200 cells/ml. Potential risk factors of low CD4 cells count were determined. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 39+11 years. Females were made up 283 (72.0%) and males 110 (28.0%). The median value of the CD4 cells count was 391. Low CD4 cells count was prevalent in 49 (12.5%) of the subjects. There was significant association between CD4 cells count and body mass index (df=2, p=0.017), as well as serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (df=1, p=0.027) and anemia (df=3, p=0.025). Significant, but poor, correlation was observed between CD4 cells count and 24 h urine protein (r=-0.117, p=0.023), creatinine clearance (r=-0.122, p=0.018), as well as hemoglobin (r=0.224, p<0.001). Creatinine clearance was a predictor of low CD4 cells count, p=0.001. Conclusion: The prevalence of low CD4 cells count was high in this study. Abnormal weight, dyslipidemia and proteinuric renal damage were common among treatment-naive subjects who have low CD4 cells count.","PeriodicalId":429988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research","volume":"443 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125767025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Effect of Training on Traditional Birth Attendants' PMTCT Related Knowledge and Care Practices in Nigeria 培训对尼日利亚传统助产士预防母婴传播相关知识和护理实践的影响

Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research Pub Date : 2015-09-12 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6113.1000498

Olumide Abiodun, J. Sotunsa, O. Olu-Abiodun, F. Ani, A. Taiwo, Ogechukwu Taiw

{"title":"The Effect of Training on Traditional Birth Attendants' PMTCT Related Knowledge and Care Practices in Nigeria","authors":"Olumide Abiodun, J. Sotunsa, O. Olu-Abiodun, F. Ani, A. Taiwo, Ogechukwu Taiw","doi":"10.4172/2155-6113.1000498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6113.1000498","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: As much as 60% of children born in Nigeria are delivered by unskilled traditional birth attendants. It imperative for traditional birth attendants and similar cadre of health care providers in resource-limited settings to be knowledgeable and have the ability to deploy evidence based practices in the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV if the goal of an AIDS free generation will be achieved. The successful linkage of evidence with practice in sub-Saharan Africa and other resource limited settings will translate into the reduction of MTCT of HIV as has been achieved in other parts of the world. \u0000Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 142 traditional birth attendants. The research was based on diffusion of innovation theory. Practices related to prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV were evaluated relative to national guidelines. Linear mixed modelling was used to evaluate the association between PMTCT practices and training on prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV. \u0000Results: Most traditional birth attendants were knowledgeable and had good practices relating to prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV. However, significant gaps in HIV exposed infant care; infant feeding practices and harmful traditional practices exist. \u0000Conclusions: Traditional birth attendants have a role in the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV. Evidence-based practices that are related to maternal HIV transmission are being taken from research and policy into patient care domains; though there are some gaps in vital practices. Innovative strategic interventions are very essential to enhance participation of TBAs in the PMTCT of HIV.","PeriodicalId":429988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129731762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Otolaryngological Manifestations in HIV Infected Patients, Tehran, Iran 伊朗德黑兰，HIV感染患者的耳鼻喉科表现

Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research Pub Date : 2012-07-04 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6113.1000160

S. Jafari, E. Razmpa, Z. Saeedinejad, M. Sadrhosseini, Koosha Paydary, Behtash Saedi, G. E. Djavid, SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, M. Foroughi, M. Sudhinaraset

{"title":"Otolaryngological Manifestations in HIV Infected Patients, Tehran, Iran","authors":"S. Jafari, E. Razmpa, Z. Saeedinejad, M. Sadrhosseini, Koosha Paydary, Behtash Saedi, G. E. Djavid, SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, M. Foroughi, M. Sudhinaraset","doi":"10.4172/2155-6113.1000160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6113.1000160","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Extant literature finds that 80% of HIV-infected patients present with otorhinolaryngological symptoms during the course of the infection. To date, no studies have defined HIV-associated ENT manifestations in Iran. To fill this gap in the literature, this study characterizes ENT signs and symptoms in HIV-infected individuals in Tehran, Iran. \u0000Methods: The cross-sectional study consisted of 98 HIV infected patients who were referred to a Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) center of Imam Khomeini hospital, Tehran from September 2007 to September 2008. A detailed history and physical examination was conducted for each patient. A questionnaire based on ENT manifestations was designed for the study. Para clinical assessments were carried out if any ENT manifestation was present. Analysis included calculations of mean values of quantitative associations between ENT symptoms and otological and nasopharyngeal complaints as well as ENT symptoms and demographic characteristics. Statistical analysis was estimated using either Chi-square test or t- test. \u0000Results: Among ENT manifestations, otological and nasopharyngeal complaints were most common. Hearing loss (61%), post-nasal discharge (23.5%), xerostomia (39.8%) and voice change (23.5%) were the most frequently cited complaints by participants. In clinical examination, external otitis (6%), mucosal dryness of nasopharynx (6.1%), candidiasis (9.2%), posterior (7.1%) and anterior (6.1%) lymphadenopathies were also common findings. Lower CD4 count was associated with increased prevalence of oropharyngeal conditions. In addition, the duration of HIV infection was significantly associated with oropharyngeal conditions. \u0000Conclusion: ENT evaluations are highly recommended for early diagnosis, especially in patients with specific symptoms in unusual locations.","PeriodicalId":429988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122513142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Journal of AIDS &amp; Clinical Research最新文献

Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research最新文献