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Glucagonoma Masquerading as a Mucinous Cancer of the Ovary: Lessons from Cell Biology 胰高血糖素瘤伪装成卵巢粘液癌:来自细胞生物学的教训
Gynaecological Malignancies - Updates and Advances Pub Date : 2020-05-18 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92554
G. Ho, S. Ananda, C. Vandenberg, O. McNally, J. Tie, Kylie L. Gorringe, D. Bowtell, J. Pyman, M. Wakefield, Clare L. Scott
{"title":"Glucagonoma Masquerading as a Mucinous Cancer of the Ovary: Lessons from Cell Biology","authors":"G. Ho, S. Ananda, C. Vandenberg, O. McNally, J. Tie, Kylie L. Gorringe, D. Bowtell, J. Pyman, M. Wakefield, Clare L. Scott","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.92554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92554","url":null,"abstract":"High-grade mucinous ovarian cancer (HGMOC) is often a misnomer as the majority of cases are metastatic disease with a gastro-intestinal origin. The standard platinum-based ovarian cancer (OC) chemotherapy regimens are often ineffective, and there are insufficient data to support the use of colorectal cancer (CRC) chemotherapy regimens due to the rarity of HGMOC. We described a cohort of four consecutive suspected HGMOC cases treated at the Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne in 2012. Two cases were treated as primary MOC, whereas the other two were considered to be metastatic CRC based on histo-pathological and clinical evidence. From the RNAseq analysis, we identified two cases of HGMOC whose gene expression profiles were consistent with mucinous epithelial OC, one case that was treated as metastatic CRC with gene expression profile correlated with CRC and one case with neuroendocrine (NET) gene expression features. Interestingly, glucagon was over-expressed in this tumor that was subsequently confirmed by immunohistochemistry. These findings sug-gest a rare glucagonoma-like NET appendiceal tumor that had metastasized to the surface of ovary and were unresponsive to CRC chemotherapy regimens. In summary, a carefully curated panel of expression markers and selected functional genomics could provide diagnosis and treatment guidance for patients with possible HGMOC.","PeriodicalId":426309,"journal":{"name":"Gynaecological Malignancies - Updates and Advances","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128240657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intraoperative Radiation Therapy in Gynecological Cancer 妇科肿瘤术中放射治疗
Gynaecological Malignancies - Updates and Advances Pub Date : 2020-03-30 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.91641
A. Biete, Á. Rovirosa, G. Oses
{"title":"Intraoperative Radiation Therapy in Gynecological Cancer","authors":"A. Biete, Á. Rovirosa, G. Oses","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.91641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91641","url":null,"abstract":"Gynecological malignancies, mainly cervical uterine cancer, continue to present a high number of pelvic and para-aortic recurrences. Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) allows a precise therapeutic boost in the surgical bed in the cases in which removal of the tumor relapse is feasible. At the same time, IORT permits the exclusion of the radiosensitive organs from the irradiation field. While the first published gynecological IORT took place in 1905, the number of patients per year became stable and the published series are retrospective and limited. Recurrences are located in different areas with non-homogeneous prognostic and most of the published manuscripts are retrospective including a mix of primaries, sites and different types and results of salvage surgery. We have revised the present knowledge in this field and the main conclusion is that IORT increases the local control and, in selected cases, probably slightly the survival. Also, the quality of life is probably increased. Randomized trials that allow a breakthrough in the conclusions are highly unlikely to be performed in recurrent gynecological malignancies.","PeriodicalId":426309,"journal":{"name":"Gynaecological Malignancies - Updates and Advances","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127718177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immunotherapy in Gynecological Malignancies 妇科恶性肿瘤的免疫治疗
Gynaecological Malignancies - Updates and Advances Pub Date : 2020-02-07 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90711
N. Sharma, D. Sharma
{"title":"Immunotherapy in Gynecological Malignancies","authors":"N. Sharma, D. Sharma","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90711","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer immunotherapy is one of the most upcoming treatment strategies emerging as a fascinating option in the management of advanced gynecological malignancies. The development of immune-based antitumor approaches has led to safer treatment options that give fruitful results in these malignancies. In this chapter we are focusing on immune-based treatment in the management of gynecological cancers like cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, and vaginal and vulvar cancer. We are also discussing the clinical studies that have been conducted or are currently underway which are exploring these immune strategies that are developing as a logical overture for the treatment of advanced cancers including gynecological cancers. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising preliminary results in advanced ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancer.","PeriodicalId":426309,"journal":{"name":"Gynaecological Malignancies - Updates and Advances","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121774076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Therapeutic Effect of Glypican-3 Gene Silencing Using siRNA for Ovarian Cancer in a Murine Peritoneal Dissemination Model 使用siRNA沉默Glypican-3基因对小鼠腹腔播散模型卵巢癌的治疗作用
Gynaecological Malignancies - Updates and Advances Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90311
M. Hazekawa, T. Nishinakagawa, Tomoyo Kawakubo-Yasukochi, M. Nakashima
{"title":"Therapeutic Effect of Glypican-3 Gene Silencing Using siRNA for Ovarian Cancer in a Murine Peritoneal Dissemination Model","authors":"M. Hazekawa, T. Nishinakagawa, Tomoyo Kawakubo-Yasukochi, M. Nakashima","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90311","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian cancer is known to be the most lethal gynecologic cancer. It has been reported that Glypican-3 (Gpc3) expression induces immune responses, promotes the progression in ovarian cancer. Then, we focused on this Gpc3 gene silencing, tried to prepare siRNA delivery system. In this chapter, we introduce one of the therapeutic proposals in terms of novel drug delivery system using siRNA as a targeting medicine. This chapter introduces our works about preparation of siRNA-PLGA hybrid micelles to deliver the siRNA into the ovarian cancer cells and to evaluate gene silencing effects in mice model. As a result, siRNA-PLGA hybrid micelles were shown to effectively inhibit Gpc3 expression in vitro . In addition, siRNA-PLGA hybrid micelles also decreased the number of tumor nodes in the mesentery in vivo. These results suggested that Gpc3 could be a target molecule for ovarian cancer treatment and siRNA-PLGA hybrid micelles could be an effective siRNA delivery tool even in vivo .","PeriodicalId":426309,"journal":{"name":"Gynaecological Malignancies - Updates and Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130182016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Role of Epigenetics in Cervical Cancer 表观遗传学在子宫颈癌中的作用
Gynaecological Malignancies - Updates and Advances Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.89819
Y. Alfaro-Mora, L. Herrera, Rodrigo E Cáceres-Gutiérrez, M. A. Andonegui-Elguera, G. Domínguez-Gómez, J. Díaz-Chávez
{"title":"The Role of Epigenetics in Cervical Cancer","authors":"Y. Alfaro-Mora, L. Herrera, Rodrigo E Cáceres-Gutiérrez, M. A. Andonegui-Elguera, G. Domínguez-Gómez, J. Díaz-Chávez","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.89819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.89819","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer among women worldwide resulting in 528,475 new cases and 268,224 deaths. The principal etiological factor of cervical cancer is the persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomaviruses (HPV), however is not sufficient, other factors like age, smoking, oral contraceptives, and genetic background are implicated in the development of this neoplasia. Although the understanding of cervical carcinogenesis has been increasing in recent decades, the epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modification, miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) and its contribution to the development of cervical cancer remain largely unknown. In the next chapter, we will recapitulate the described findings on the alteration of epigenetic factors that, together with the persistent infection of HPV, could contribute to the malignant and invasive phenotype in cervical cancer.","PeriodicalId":426309,"journal":{"name":"Gynaecological Malignancies - Updates and Advances","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114761137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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