Day 4 Wed, July 19, 2006最新文献

{"title":"Rational Approach to Integrate the Design of Propulsion Power and Propeller Strength for Ice Ships","authors":"Sing-Kwan Lee","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2006-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2006-131","url":null,"abstract":"The current tendency shows that ship designers prefer to apply advanced methodologies, such as direct calculation and model test, to rationalize the propulsion system and propeller design. In this paper, two critical design issues for ice ship propulsion, namely engine powering and propeller strength, are discussed. Comparison of designs based on Finnish-Swedish Ice Class Rules (FSICR) formulae and a direct calculation method is presented. This paper documents detailed direct calculation procedures to estimate the engine power based on propeller performance in ice operation. Finite element analysis results of propeller blade are presented for strength assessment based on the ice loads and failure criteria in the proposed new FSICR. In addition, propeller cavitation and its induced surface force due to thicker blades used in ice class ships are also studied.","PeriodicalId":417208,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 19, 2006","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121515265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iceberg Shape Representation and Generation","authors":"R. McKenna","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2006-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2006-139","url":null,"abstract":"At present, there are less than 100 icebergs for which comprehensive underwater measurements have been made. For iceberg load and risk analyses, there would be considerable benefit to generating large numbers of representative iceberg shapes that would have a smooth transition through the waterline and would not suffer from degradation in accuracy at the base of the keel. In a previous paper, a statistical characterization was developed for complete three-dimensional iceberg shapes, in which shape was represented in terms of spatially correlated deviations from an average iceberg radius. The present paper builds on this work through the analysis of additional data and through improvements to the iceberg generation scheme. Focus is on data from the 1982 and 1984 Hibernia Development Studies, Terra Nova 2003 Operations, and the DIGS 1985 experiment.","PeriodicalId":417208,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 19, 2006","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132884218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of an Arctic Standard for Floating Production Systems","authors":"C. Makrygiannis, R. Mckenna, B. Wright, N. Allyn, T. Sildnes, W. Jolles, M. Mørland, Rick Grant","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2006-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2006-150","url":null,"abstract":"A new standard is being developed for the design of oil and gas production facilities in ice-covered and cold regions – ISO 19906, Arctic Structures. While the standard is due to be published in 2009, considerable effort has already gone into its development. In the present paper, some of the rationale that went into the development of requirements for floating structures in this standard is described. It is emphasized that this paper represents the views of the authors – the material is not sanctioned by the International Standards Organization (ISO).","PeriodicalId":417208,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 19, 2006","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124459644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Lifeboats in Ice","authors":"A. S. Ré, B. Veitch, D. Sudom, A. Barker","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2006-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2006-132","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of lifeboats in ice was evaluated using model scale boats in an ice tank. Performance in a range of ice conditions was determined using simple benchmarks. Three different lifeboat hull forms were tested, and two power levels were used for each hull. While open water performance was different for the three hull forms, performance in ice was broadly similar. Ice concentrations of about 6/10ths to 7/10ths were found to be limiting conditions for all three. Larger floes were found to hinder performance more than smaller floes. Increasing power did not significantly improve performance in ice.","PeriodicalId":417208,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 19, 2006","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131138402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Caspian Sea Icebreaking Supply Vessel Tulpar","authors":"A. Kendrick, J. Knott","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2006-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2006-146","url":null,"abstract":"Some of the world’s largest recent hydrocarbon discoveries are located beneath the waters of the Northern Caspian Sea, or offshore Kazakhstan. The Kashagan field alone is believed to contain in excess of 10 billion barrels of oil, and there are fields at containing billions of barrels at several other locations. The exploitation of these reserves is now moving from discovery and exploration phases towards production.\u0000 The Northern Caspian Sea is an unusual environment for offshore development. The water is generally extremely shallow; less than 10 m water depth in almost all locations and down to 1.5 m in several areas above the oil and gas reservoirs. While the Caspian has minimal tides, storm surges can lead to rapid depth changes of over 1 m in depth, up or down. For 3-5 months of the year, depending on location and on the severity of the winter, ice cover is present. Some of the ice is land fast, and the rest is more or less mobile. Large ridge and rubble fields build up, often becoming grounded. Two other challenges for operations are that the environment is sensitive, with important and endangered species. The oil is also associated with high concentrations of sour gas, whose high toxicity presents additional safety risks in the event of blowouts or other accidents.\u0000 All the drilling and production platforms in the area are and will be gravity based. They range in (planned) size from several square kilometers with over 1000 persons on board to small wellhead installations that will normally be unmanned. The platforms must be supplied and supported by a large fleet of vessels including OSVs, tugs, barges, and other specialized vessels. The flagship of this fleet are the icebreaking supply vessels. This paper describes the genesis, design, construction, and entry into service of the largest of the vessels now in operation, the Ice Breaking Supply Vessel (IBSV) Tulpar, the Kazakh flying horse.\u0000 BMT SHIP DESIGN Limited was approached in April 2001 by BUE to ascertain whether it was possible to design a shallow water icebreaker with a large deadweight capability and also meet with the requirements of transiting the canal system into the Caspian Sea. The vessel was to be delivered into the Caspian by November 2002 in time for the winter ice season.\u0000 After exploratory discussions with BUE, BMTSD entered into an agreement to jointly support each other in the development of a suitable vessel design, later to be designated SWIMSS, (Shallow Water Ice Management Standby Supply) and then present this design to AGIP as a viable solution to their requirements. The design was to be based upon design study information supplied by BMT Fleet Technology Limited and was a development of a river icebreaker concept.\u0000 Agip KCO’s program for the design, build and delivery of the vessel in what was effectively a fourteen-month timeframe was ambitious to say the least at the outset, it was further complicated by the requirements changing twice in the design phase and","PeriodicalId":417208,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 19, 2006","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114744038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Change Impact on Northern Shipping Regulations","authors":"I. Kubat, R. Gorman, A. Collins, G. Timco","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2006-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2006-108","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to find what effect climate change would have on the Zone Date System (ZDS). The paper presents an analysis of ice conditions in the Northwest Passage (NWP) shipping lanes and the access routes to the Port of Churchill in Hudson Strait. The analysis examines the existing and potential changes to ice regimes in the NWP shipping lanes due to the impact of climate change. The length of the shipping season in the NWP is analyzed for each Zone by both the ZDS and the Arctic Ice Regime Shipping System, and both systems are then compared. This paper discusses the results of the analysis.","PeriodicalId":417208,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 19, 2006","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121465691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ice Observations and Forecasting During the Arctic Coring Project, August - September 2004","authors":"R. Pilkington, A. Keinonen, I. Sheikin","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2006-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2006-171","url":null,"abstract":"The Arctic Coring Expedition or ACEX was conducted as a special project under the Integrated Ocean Drilling Project. A review of the operational and ice management aspects of this project is provided in Keinonen et al (2006). This current paper reviews the ice observations and forecasting in more detail.\u0000 Six scientists and naval architects were on board the IB Oden and Sovetskiy Soyuz to collect relevant ice data and forecast ice movement. The work involved the collection of ice data during transit and ice management, interpreting satellite imagery, ice forecasting, and providing the information to the vessels. The purpose of the project was to obtain a core from the seafloor to bed rock (420 m) on the Lomonosov Ridge, to study the paleo history of the polar cap region. This was achieved.\u0000 The optimum transit route was determined using the Fengyun and Envisat satellite data which were showed the region of most leads. Once at the drill site at 88º north, Radarsat satellite data were used to identify regions of lighter ice. Ice thickness was generally 2.5 to 3.5 m, with mainly second year and old ice. Ice forecasting, using a very simple model, allowed the identification of any heavy ice expected to pass over the site and the regions where more information on ice severity was required. During the first two weeks at the drill site, the inertial oscillations of the ice were very small and not noticeable. Later the oscillations became much larger and the ice went through several complete loops, which created a minor problem for the drilling operation. Ice drift was measured by means of GPS buoys placed onto the ice and recovered by helicopter. This method worked well as the ice moved very slowly so that the buoys were within range for 2 to 3 days.\u0000 A recent publication indicates that tropical conditions existed at the pole about 55 million years ago. Preliminary. Results indicated that the Polar Cap region was a shallow fresh water sea until about 15 million years ago. At that time, the region between Greenland and Norway opened, allowing the water from the Atlantic Ocean to flow north, with the result that the upper 15 million years of sediments are saline.","PeriodicalId":417208,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 19, 2006","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124143200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Survival Craft in Ice Environments","authors":"M. Lau, A. S. Ré","doi":"10.5957/icetech-2006-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2006-133","url":null,"abstract":"The Institute for Ocean Technology (IOT, formerly the Institute for Marine Dynamics) of the National Research Council of Canada (http://iot-ito.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/) has conducted physical and numerical simulations of a TEMPSC (Totally Enclosed Motor Propelled Survival Craft) design in ice environments as an integral part of a broader research program that seeks to develop performance standards for Escape, Evacuation, and Rescue (EER) systems in harsh environments. The main objectives of this work are to define practical performance measures for the TEMPSC design in ice covered waters by experimentally investigating the hull’s ice transiting resistance and its motions, and to validate a numerical model of lifeboat sail away. This paper reports on the physical model experiments and their comparison with numerical modeling.","PeriodicalId":417208,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Wed, July 19, 2006","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127003945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}