{"title":"An Unstable Equilibrium","authors":"Asma Faiz","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780197567135.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780197567135.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyses the nationalist conflict in Sindh since 1988. It examines the multiple stints of the PPP in power, the dismissal of its governments at the Centre and in Sindh and the deepening of the ethnic schism between the Muhajirs and Sindhis under the Muttahida Quomi Movement (MQM). This chapter traces the maturation of Muhajir identity and its political aspirations as expressed through the agency of the MQM, from its rise in the mid-1980s to its fragmentation from 2016 onwards. The chapter analyzes the trends of ethnic violence that engulfed Sindh during this period, examines the 2018 elections in Sindh—which saw the entry into government of the Pakistan Tehreek-I-Insaaf (PTI)—and explores the 2018–20 tug-of war between Islamabad and Karachi over provincial autonomy.","PeriodicalId":415864,"journal":{"name":"In Search of Lost Glory","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127841389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"Asma Faiz","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197567135.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197567135.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"The conclusion sums up the key findings about the politics and sociology of Sindhi nationalism, beginning with identity construction in Sindh during the British period, inspired by crucial changes in the domains of language, culture, economy and demography. The partition and arrival of Muhajirs in Sindh precipitated the emergence of a ‘sons of the soil’ movement, which was doubly threatened by a hegemonic, interventionist Centre and the dominant ethnic minority of Muhajirs. The conclusion examines the dual role of the PPP as an ethnic entrepreneur in Sindh and a federal party in the country as a whole. Finally, it focuses on the tug-of-war between the Centre and Sindh—under the pressure of Covid-19—over issues of provincial autonomy, especially that of the Eighteenth Amendment and of local government.","PeriodicalId":415864,"journal":{"name":"In Search of Lost Glory","volume":"7 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129284787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}