Fire Safety and Management Awareness最新文献

Shifting Wildfire Trends and Management Implications for the Wildland Urban Interface in the Twenty-first Century 21世纪野火趋势的变化及其对荒地和城市界面的管理意义

Fire Safety and Management Awareness Pub Date : 2020-07-28 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.93245

Rebecca B. Abney, Q. Ma

引用次数: 1

BLEVE Fireball Effects in a Gas Industry: A Numerical Modeling Applied to the Case of an Algeria Gas Industry 天然气工业中的BLEVE火球效应:应用于阿尔及利亚天然气工业案例的数值模拟

Fire Safety and Management Awareness Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92990

B. Manescau, K. Chetehouna, Ilyas Sellami, R. Nait-Said, F. Zidani

{"title":"BLEVE Fireball Effects in a Gas Industry: A Numerical Modeling Applied to the Case of an Algeria Gas Industry","authors":"B. Manescau, K. Chetehouna, Ilyas Sellami, R. Nait-Said, F. Zidani","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.92990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92990","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents the numerical modeling of the BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) thermal effects. The goal is to highlight the possibility to use numerical data in order to estimate the potential damage that would be caused by the BLEVE, based on quantitative risk analysis (QRA). The numerical modeling is carried out using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) version 6. The BLEVE is defined as a fireball, and in this work, its source is modeled as a vertical release of hot fuel in a short time. Moreover, the fireball dynamics is based on a single-step combustion using an eddy dissipation concept (EDC) model coupled with the default large eddy simulation (LES) turbulence model. Fireball characteristics (diameter, height, heat flux and lifetime) issued from a large-scale experiment are used to demonstrate the ability of FDS to simulate the various steps of the BLEVE phenomenon from ignition up to total burnout. A comparison between BAM (Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und –prüfung, Allemagne) experiment data and predictions highlights the ability of FDS to model BLEVE effects. From this, a numerical study of the thermal effects of BLEVE in the largest gas field in Algeria was carried out.","PeriodicalId":412156,"journal":{"name":"Fire Safety and Management Awareness","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125651243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Numerical Study on the Outdoor Wind Effects on Movement Smoke along a Corridor 室外风对走廊运动烟气影响的数值研究

Fire Safety and Management Awareness Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92978

B. Manescau, K. Chetehouna, Q. Serra, Aijuan Wang, É. Florentin

{"title":"Numerical Study on the Outdoor Wind Effects on Movement Smoke along a Corridor","authors":"B. Manescau, K. Chetehouna, Q. Serra, Aijuan Wang, É. Florentin","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.92978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92978","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, a numerical investigation is presented in order to highlight the effects of outdoor wind on smoke movements along a corridor in a compartment. For this, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code, fire dynamics simulator (FDS), was used to model the reactive flows in interaction with outdoor wind. The wind velocity is taken between 0 and 12.12 m/s, based on the experimental result data come from the work of Li et al. was performed. From numerical data, it was found that smoke stratification state in the corridor depends on Froude number (Fr) and it can be divided into three cases: stable buoyant stratification (Fr < 0.38), unstable buoyant stratification (0.38 ≤ Fr < 0.76), and failed stratification (Fr ≥ 0.76). When Fr ≥ 0.76, smoke stratification is completely disturbed and smoke occupies the entire volume of the compartment, highlighting a risk of toxicity to people. Indeed, it was observed that the velocity of the outdoor wind influences strongly the concentration of O2, CO2, CO, and visibility in the corridor and smoke exhaust. Moreover, for the input data used in the numerical modelling, the global sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the main parameters affecting the smoke temperature near the ceiling are the mass flux of fuel and the activation energy.","PeriodicalId":412156,"journal":{"name":"Fire Safety and Management Awareness","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125699830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of Development of the Fires in Confined Spaces 密闭空间火灾发展的数学建模与仿真

Fire Safety and Management Awareness Pub Date : 2020-05-22 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.91274

I. Antonov, R. Velichkova, S. Antonov, K. Grozdanov

引用次数: 1

A Case Study on the Fire Safety in Historic Buildings in Slovakia 斯洛伐克历史建筑消防安全案例研究

Fire Safety and Management Awareness Pub Date : 2020-02-20 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.91241

A. Iringová

引用次数: 2

Methodology for Optimal Fire Evacuations in Underground Mines Based on Simulated Scenarios 基于模拟情景的地下矿山火灾疏散优化方法

Fire Safety and Management Awareness Pub Date : 2020-02-14 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.91213

Vancho Adjiski, Z. Despodov

{"title":"Methodology for Optimal Fire Evacuations in Underground Mines Based on Simulated Scenarios","authors":"Vancho Adjiski, Z. Despodov","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.91213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91213","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this chapter is to develop a methodology that will contribute in locating optimal evacuation routes in case of fire that are based on minimal carbon monoxide (CO) exposure during the evacuation procedures. The proposed methodology is tested using simulated fire scenarios from which CO concentration over time curve is extracted from all available evacuation routes and presented in a weighted form based on the accumulating effect of CO inhalation in the form of fractional effective dose (FED). The safety limits of the FED model on which the optimization process is based are determined using a model for the prediction of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels in human blood. The COHb model is associated with predicted clinical symptoms that are the basis for determining the level of incapacitation at which the mineworkers are incapable of completing their evacuation. Also in the process of improving the fire risk analysis, the proposed methodology enables the development of evacuation plans that are based on the results of modeled fire scenarios combined together with the results of the anticipated hazards generated by CO inhalation. The results presented in this chapter indicate a more precise approach in the process of planning the evacuation system inside the underground mines.","PeriodicalId":412156,"journal":{"name":"Fire Safety and Management Awareness","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117204605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2