Law & Evolution eJournal最新文献

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Bringing Evolutionary Thinking into Economics and Finance: Advice for an Aspiring Economist 将进化思维引入经济学和金融学:给有抱负的经济学家的建议
Law & Evolution eJournal Pub Date : 2020-09-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3692892
D. Hirshleifer
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引用次数: 1
Biological Institutions: The Political Science of Animal Cooperation 生物制度:动物合作的政治科学
Law & Evolution eJournal Pub Date : 2013-12-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2370952
Erol Akçay, J. Roughgarden, J. Fearon, J. Ferejohn, Barry R. Weingast
{"title":"Biological Institutions: The Political Science of Animal Cooperation","authors":"Erol Akçay, J. Roughgarden, J. Fearon, J. Ferejohn, Barry R. Weingast","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2370952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2370952","url":null,"abstract":"Social evolution is one of the most rapidly developing areas in evolutionary biology. A main theme is the emergence of cooperation among organisms, including the factors that impede cooperation. Although animal societies seem to have no formal institutions, such as courts or legislatures, we argue that biology presents many examples where an interaction can properly be thought of as an informal institution, meaning there are evolved norms and structure to the interaction that enable parties to reach mutually beneficial outcomes. These informal institutions are embedded in the natural history of the interaction, in factors such as where and when parties interact, how long and how close they stay together, and so on. Institutional theory thus widens the scope of behavioral ecology by considering not only why animals evolve to choose the strategies they choose, but also asking both why it is that they find themselves in those particular interaction setups and how these particular interactions can be sustained. Institutions frequently enable interacting parties avoid inefficient outcomes and support efficient exchange among agents with conflicting interests. The main thesis of this paper is that the organization of many biological interactions can properly be understood as institutions that enable mutually beneficial outcomes to be achieved relative to an unstructured interaction. To do this, institutions resolve or regulate the conflicts of interests among parties. The way conflicts of interests affect the outcome depends on the structure of the interaction, which can create problems of commitment, coordination and private information. Institutional theory focuses on how to address each of these issues, typically focusing on the development of social norms, rules, and other constraints on individual behaviors. We illustrate our thesis with examples from cooperative breed and genes as within-body-mechanism-design.","PeriodicalId":408482,"journal":{"name":"Law & Evolution eJournal","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127401941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Please Don't Use Science or Mathematics in Arguing for Human Rights or Natural Law 请不要用科学或数学来为人权或自然法辩护
Law & Evolution eJournal Pub Date : 2010-08-18 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9337.2010.00457.x
A. Artosi
{"title":"Please Don't Use Science or Mathematics in Arguing for Human Rights or Natural Law","authors":"A. Artosi","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9337.2010.00457.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9337.2010.00457.x","url":null,"abstract":"In the vast literature on human rights and natural law one finds arguments that draw on science or mathematics to support claims to universality and objectivity. Here are two such arguments: 1) Human rights are as universal (i.e., valid independently of their specific historical and cultural Western origin) as the laws and theories of science; and 2) principles of natural law have the same objective (metahistorical) validity as mathematical principles. In what follows I will examine these arguments in some detail and argue that both are misplaced. A section of the paper will be devoted to a discussion of arguments relying on the historical and cultural specificity (and intrinsic superiority) of Western science. The conclusion is that both science and mathematics offer little help to anyone wanting to make use of them as paradigms of universality, objectivity, and rationality. Finally, I will draw some consequences for the idea of human rights.","PeriodicalId":408482,"journal":{"name":"Law & Evolution eJournal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125571664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Evolutionary Theory and Behavioral Biology Research: Implications for Law 进化理论和行为生物学研究:对法律的启示
Law & Evolution eJournal Pub Date : 2010-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199586073.003.0015
D. Herring
{"title":"Evolutionary Theory and Behavioral Biology Research: Implications for Law","authors":"D. Herring","doi":"10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199586073.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199586073.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter describes specific examples of legal scholars applying evolutionary theory and research to particular legal and public policy issues. The chapter explains and demonstrates two primary attributes of the work in this area. First, the works reveal the deep explanatory power of evolutionary theory and research, useful for both legal scholarship and law in action. Second, these works provide for the formulation of new and interesting hypotheses that researchers can test through empirical studies in the field. In the end, this chapter demonstrates how this line of inquiry contributes to the formulation and application of law based on human behavioral research conducted in the context of an established and coherent theoretical framework.","PeriodicalId":408482,"journal":{"name":"Law & Evolution eJournal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124208422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Evolutionary Psychology 进化心理学
Law & Evolution eJournal Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_301606
Todd J. Zywicki
{"title":"Evolutionary Psychology","authors":"Todd J. Zywicki","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_301606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_301606","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":408482,"journal":{"name":"Law & Evolution eJournal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133633665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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