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Elements of Bioeconomy最新文献

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Introductory Chapter: Objectives and Scope of Bioeconomy 引言:生物经济的目标和范围
Elements of Bioeconomy Pub Date : 2019-10-23 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.88966
K. Biernat
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引用次数: 0
Biotechnology in Agricultural Policies of Sub-Saharan Africa 撒哈拉以南非洲农业政策中的生物技术
Elements of Bioeconomy Pub Date : 2019-09-27 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.85567
J. Ochieng, Anthony Ananga
{"title":"Biotechnology in Agricultural Policies of Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"J. Ochieng, Anthony Ananga","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.85567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85567","url":null,"abstract":"The agricultural policy environment in sub-Saharan Africa in the last 15 years has been erratic, especially with regard to adoption of biotechnology. While many biotech products such as tissue culture (TC) banana, hybrid maize, and others are now frequent at farm level, the adoption of some of the technologies remains relatively low, partly due to political and regulatory bottlenecks that have hampered farm deployment and entry into market systems of genetically engineered crops and products. This chapter reviews the political landscape of biotech crops across sub-Saharan Africa; analyses the state of enabling policy environment in key countries; discusses the impact of push-pull factors on food security, research, and training; and identifies the opportunities for investment in biotechnology and agribusiness in sub-Saharan Africa.","PeriodicalId":407268,"journal":{"name":"Elements of Bioeconomy","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127641070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The Bioeconomy: An Opportunity for the Spanish Economy 生物经济:西班牙经济的机遇
Elements of Bioeconomy Pub Date : 2019-08-14 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84917
M. Láinez, M. Periago
{"title":"The Bioeconomy: An Opportunity for the Spanish Economy","authors":"M. Láinez, M. Periago","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84917","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this chapter will be to show the possibilities of the bioeconomy in Spain and how it can help to create new productive models that favor the sustainable economic development, taking into consideration the circular economy framework that the EU Commission has launched. For this, we will collect the current socioeconomic weight of the sectors that integrate the bioeconomy in Spain. We will then review the current policies and those that are predictably a short and medium term, at European level, and are going to affect the use of biological resources, as well as the evolution of the behavior of European Consumers. This will give us the chance to demonstrate the need and the opportunity to move forward different economic activities through the interaction between science, society, and companies, in order to increase efficiency and sustainability in the traditional value chains and, at the same time, to create new ones. Then we will briefly describe the Spanish strategy of bioeconomy: the process of elaboration, its essential elements, and observatory of bioeconomy, as the instrument that promotes its development. We will describe the Spanish Bioeconomy Observatory as a tool to move forward towards an ecosystem where science and technology, society, and the economy work together to overcome the challenges of our society.","PeriodicalId":407268,"journal":{"name":"Elements of Bioeconomy","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115770410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Overview of the Process of Enzymatic Transformation of Biomass 生物质酶转化过程综述
Elements of Bioeconomy Pub Date : 2019-07-08 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85036
Namita Singh, A. Devi, M. Bishnoi, Rajneesh Jaryal, Avni Dahiya, O. Tashyrev, V. Hovorukha
{"title":"Overview of the Process of Enzymatic Transformation of Biomass","authors":"Namita Singh, A. Devi, M. Bishnoi, Rajneesh Jaryal, Avni Dahiya, O. Tashyrev, V. Hovorukha","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85036","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulase is an enzyme which depolymerizes the cellulose into glucose. Cellulases are produced by a diverse array of microbes including fungi, bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes. Considerable research for understanding the mechanism of cellulases began in early 1950s because of the significant use of these enzymes in various industries. This review provides a general account structure and availability of lignocellulosic biomass, pretreatment strategies for effective digestion, cellulase producing organisms, cellulase activity assay, and enzymology of cellulose degradation. Cellulase production, optimization, purification and characterization studies in addition to the industrial application of cellulase have also been discussed. At last a brief account of present market scenario of cellulases and future prospects of the study are also taken into account.","PeriodicalId":407268,"journal":{"name":"Elements of Bioeconomy","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115451542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The Use of Waste Management Techniques to Enhance Household Income and Reduce Urban Water Pollution 利用废物管理技术提高家庭收入和减少城市水污染
Elements of Bioeconomy Pub Date : 2019-06-17 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85580
O. A. Akintola, O. Idowu, S. A. Lateef, G. Adebayo, A. O. Shokalu, O. I. Akinyoola
{"title":"The Use of Waste Management Techniques to Enhance Household Income and Reduce Urban Water Pollution","authors":"O. A. Akintola, O. Idowu, S. A. Lateef, G. Adebayo, A. O. Shokalu, O. I. Akinyoola","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85580","url":null,"abstract":"Appropriate waste management options are major concerns in the developing world. Current methods include incineration in the open and accumulation of wastes in designated places where they constitute nuisance to the environment. Apart from air pollution from the incinerators, leachates from decomposed wastes are either washed off where they serve as source of pollutants to the adjourning streams and rivers or contaminate groundwater through deep percolation. We present viable options for managing agricultural wastes in this chapter. The options presented are so simple and sustainable such that it can be managed by individuals. Hence, they are independent of the government bureaucratic bottlenecks that have been the bane of the previous government interventions. If embraced, it will also serve as sources of income for the concerned household, hence enhance their livelihood.","PeriodicalId":407268,"journal":{"name":"Elements of Bioeconomy","volume":"601 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123175981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Review of Biofuel Technologies in WtL and WtE 生物燃料在WtL和WtE中的应用综述
Elements of Bioeconomy Pub Date : 2019-05-16 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84833
B. Garcia, G. Lourinho, P. Brito, P. Romano
{"title":"Review of Biofuel Technologies in WtL and WtE","authors":"B. Garcia, G. Lourinho, P. Brito, P. Romano","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84833","url":null,"abstract":"Processing of biomass feedstocks to produce energy, fuels, and chemicals via a combination of different applied technologies is considered a promising pathway to achieve sustainable waste management, with many environmental and economic benefits. In this chapter, we review the current state of the main processes associ-ated with energy recovery and biofuel production under the concept of waste biorefineries. The reviewed technologies are classified into thermochemical, biological, and chemical, including combustion, gasification, steam explosion, pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction, and torrefaction; anaerobic digestion, fermentation, enzymatic treatment, and microbial electrolysis; and hydrolysis, solvent extraction, transesterification, and supercritical conversion. Their brief history, current status, and future developments are discussed within a perspective of valorization and managing of current waste streams with no solution.","PeriodicalId":407268,"journal":{"name":"Elements of Bioeconomy","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125773292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Gold Recovery Process from Primary and Secondary Resources Using Bioadsorbents 生物吸附剂从一、二次资源中回收金的工艺研究
Elements of Bioeconomy Pub Date : 2019-03-12 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84770
K. Inoue, D. Parajuli, Manju Gurung, Bimala Pangeni, K. Khunathai, K. Ohto, H. Kawakita
{"title":"Gold Recovery Process from Primary and Secondary Resources Using Bioadsorbents","authors":"K. Inoue, D. Parajuli, Manju Gurung, Bimala Pangeni, K. Khunathai, K. Ohto, H. Kawakita","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84770","url":null,"abstract":"Bioadsorbents were prepared in a simple manner only by treating in boiling concentrated sulfuric acid from various biomass materials such as various polysaccharides, persimmon tannin, cotton, paper and biomass wastes such as orange juice residue and microalgae residue after extracting biofuel. These bioadsorbents exhibited high selectivity only to gold over other metals and extraordinary high loading capacity for gold(III), which were elucidated to be attributable to the selective reduction of gold(III) ion to elemental gold due to its highest oxidation-reduction potential of gold(III) of metal ions, catalyzed by the surface of bioadsorbents prepared in boiling sulfuric acid. By using these biosorbents, recovery of gold from actual samples of printed circuit boards of spent mobile phones and Mongolian gold ore was investigated. Recovery of trace concentration of gold(I) from simulated spent alkaline cyanide solution was also investigated using the bioadsorbent. Application of bioadsorbents to some recovery processes of gold from cyanide solutions was proposed.","PeriodicalId":407268,"journal":{"name":"Elements of Bioeconomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115664102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Life Cycle Assessment as a Tool to Implement Sustainable Development in the Bioeconomy and Circular Economy 生命周期评价作为实现生物经济和循环经济可持续发展的工具
Elements of Bioeconomy Pub Date : 2019-03-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84664
I. Samson-Bręk, Marta Gabryszewska, J. Wrzosek, B. Gworek
{"title":"Life Cycle Assessment as a Tool to Implement Sustainable Development in the Bioeconomy and Circular Economy","authors":"I. Samson-Bręk, Marta Gabryszewska, J. Wrzosek, B. Gworek","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84664","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, the life cycle assessment was presented as a tool to implement sustainable development in the bioeconomy and circular economy. Bulky waste includes large items such as furniture, doors, flooring and mattresses. The management of bulky waste is a serious problem for European countries. The URBANREC project proposed a solution to this problem through the use of new technologies for the bulky waste processing. The aim of the URBANREC project is to implement an eco-innovative, integrated system of bulky waste management and demonstrate its effectiveness in various regions of Europe. The project has received funding from the European Union. In this chapter, the LCA environmental analysis was per-formed for the technology of grinding bulky waste using a water jet by the Ecofrag company. The calculations were carried out using SimaPro 8.5.2.0. The LCA analysis shows that the reuse of foams and mattresses contributes to the avoidance of their targeted production, which is related with the reduction of greenhouse gas emission and consumption of fossil raw materials.","PeriodicalId":407268,"journal":{"name":"Elements of Bioeconomy","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114528772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Digital Solutions in the Forest-Based Bioeconomy 森林生物经济中的数字解决方案
Elements of Bioeconomy Pub Date : 2019-02-25 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84828
C. Watanabe, Nasir Naveed
{"title":"Digital Solutions in the Forest-Based Bioeconomy","authors":"C. Watanabe, Nasir Naveed","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84828","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter aims to illustrate the potential and significance of forest-based industry to take the lead in the sustainable development of the bio-based economy under digitalization. The digital solutions are transforming the forest-based industry by enabling the real-time end-to-end supply chain visibility, stock level optimization, demand planning, and real-time order status tracking and transparent, speedy, and hassle-free order fulfillment. In addition, increasing diversification corresponds to eco-consciousness, and shift in people’s preferences induces the transformation of forest-based bioeconomy into a digital platform industry. Further, this chapter will highlight the circular economy way of thinking that offers the possibility for the use of material to a more efficient level along with creating new, sustainable business models for many industries. The future of many industries lies in cross-industrial collaboration and creation of new value network based on circular economy as in the industrial ecosystems; the side streams generated in the production of one firm may be the input raw material for others. Based on all of these developments, transformation of forest-based bioeconomy into a digital platform industry can be expected.","PeriodicalId":407268,"journal":{"name":"Elements of Bioeconomy","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122802573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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