Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function最新文献

Mangrove Species Distribution and Composition, Adaptive Strategies and Ecosystem Services in the Niger River Delta, Nigeria 尼日利亚尼日尔河三角洲红树林物种分布和组成、适应策略和生态系统服务

Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.79028

Aroloye O. Numbere

{"title":"Mangrove Species Distribution and Composition, Adaptive Strategies and Ecosystem Services in the Niger River Delta, Nigeria","authors":"Aroloye O. Numbere","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.79028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.79028","url":null,"abstract":"Mangroves of the Niger River Delta grade into several plant communities from land to sea. This mangrove is a biodiversity hot spot, and one of the richest in ecosystem services in the world, but due to lack of data it is often not mentioned in many global mangrove studies. Inland areas are sandy and mostly inhabited by button wood mangroves (Conocarpus erectus) and grass species while seaward areas are mostly inhabited by red (Rhizophora racemosa), black (Laguncularia racemosa) and white (Avicennia germinans) mangroves species. Anthropogenic activities such as oil and gas exploration, deforestation, dredging, urbanization and invasive nypa palms had changed the soil type from swampy to sandy mud soil. Muddy soil supports nypa palms while sandy soil supports different grass species, core mangrove soil supports red mangroves (R. racemosa), which are the most dominant of all species, with importance value (Iv) of 52.02. The red mangroves are adapted to the swampy soils. They possess long root system (i.e. 10 m) that originates from the tree stem to the ground, to provide extra support. The red mangrove trees are economically most viable as the main source of fire wood for cooking, medicinal herbs and dyes for clothes.","PeriodicalId":406825,"journal":{"name":"Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127111961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

The Comparison of Vascular Epiphytes Diversity Related to their Occurrence in Natural and Artificial Mangrove Channels, Greenfields, Eastern Coast of Nicaragua 尼加拉瓜东海岸绿地红树林天然与人工河道中与发生有关的维管附生植物多样性比较

Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79133

K. Anna

{"title":"The Comparison of Vascular Epiphytes Diversity Related to their Occurrence in Natural and Artificial Mangrove Channels, Greenfields, Eastern Coast of Nicaragua","authors":"K. Anna","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79133","url":null,"abstract":"The eastern Nicaraguan coasts bordered by mangrove forests are often negatively affected by catastrophic events. One of the most destructive was hurricane Joan in 1988, which damaged as much as 80% of the forests. Though neotropical mangrove woodlands are not famous for their high species richness, vascular epiphytes occurring in the mangrove canopies are characterized by high biodiversity. The research presented in this study was focused on vascular epiphytes found in a private Nicaraguan reservation Greenfields. The main aim of the work presented here was to compare two parts of same-age mangrove area surrounding a water channel that runs through the forest stands in the reservation. The biodiversity observed in the initial natural part of the water channel was compared with the biodiversity observed in the artificial part at the end of the channel. In total, there were identified 13 epiphyte species belonging to 5 families on both banks. The Shannon-Wiener index amounts to 1.63 and Simpson index equates to 0.7. In natural channel, there was Shannon-Wiener index of 1.77 and Simpson index 0.75 and for the artificial part it was 0.82 and 0.46. The most common vascular epiphyte species was Tillandsia bulbosa belonging to Bromeliaceae family; there were exactly recorded 141 occurrences of this specie which amounts to more than a half of all the individual epiphytes examined in the research.","PeriodicalId":406825,"journal":{"name":"Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125000407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cameroon Mangrove Forest Ecosystem: Ecological and Environmental Dimensions 喀麦隆红树林生态系统:生态和环境层面

Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79021

N. Simon

{"title":"Cameroon Mangrove Forest Ecosystem: Ecological and Environmental Dimensions","authors":"N. Simon","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79021","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the ecological effects of local scale mangrove exploitation through sur - veys, empirical field experiments, modeling and questionnaires. The ecosystem “health” was assessed by parameterising a mass-balance model (ECOPATH with ECOSIM). The results suggest that forest exploitation affects mangrove forest structure and two-third of the canopy gaps were caused by human activities. Regeneration was affected, and more seedlings were recorded in canopy gaps compared to closed canopy areas. A total of 1358 crabs were collected to assess it population structure, 770 females (56.7%) and 588 males (43.3%), belonging to 13 species. The family Sesarmidae contains 5 species (38.5%), while Grapsidae 2 species (30.8%), Ocypodidae 1 species (15.4%) and to each of the families Portunidae and Gecarcinidae (7.7% each). Uca tangeri (Ocypodidae) and Goniopsis pelii (Grapsidae) were the two dominant species, constituting 44.1 and 21.9%, respectively, of the total sampled crabs. Propagules predation was a major source of mortality for mangrove. An average of 65.9% of the propagules was predated and most were found to be non-viable. The Ecopath analysis suggests that the Cameroon mangrove ecosystem is relatively healthy and moderately mature. This analysis allowed a reasonable model representation of the Cameroon mangrove system, as the model viability was determined by using the sensitive analysis function.","PeriodicalId":406825,"journal":{"name":"Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131221133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Chemistry and Biodiversity of Rhizophora-Derived Endophytic Fungi 根霉源内生真菌的化学和生物多样性

Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76573

Jing Zhou, Jing Xu

{"title":"Chemistry and Biodiversity of Rhizophora-Derived Endophytic Fungi","authors":"Jing Zhou, Jing Xu","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76573","url":null,"abstract":"Rhizophora are salt-tolerant mangrove flora located in tropical and subtropical inter tidal coastal regions. This review summarizes frequently occurring fungal endophytes in Rhizophora . In total, 41 families and 64 genera belonging to 23 taxonomic orders of Ascomycota have been reported. Among those discussed here, Pestalotiopsis , Penicillium , and Mucor are the most abundant fungal genera, and they are widely studied. In previ ous studies, 195 metabolites were encountered in Rhizophora -derived endophytic fungi, and their structures are reported within a biogenetic context. Bioassays showed antitu - mor, antimicrobial, as well as anti-H1N1 activities to be the most notable bioactivities of the secondary metabolites discussed. Some secondary metabolites with unusual structures were identified in Rhizophora endophytic fungi. Novel hybrid sesquiterpene-cyclopaldic acid metabolites with unusual carbon skele -tons, pestalotiopens A and B ( 83, 84 ), were obtained from the endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. JCM2A4 isolated from the leaves of the Chinese mangrove, R. mucronata . Bioassays revealed that antitumor, antimicrobial, and anti-H1N1 activities are the most notable bioactivities of the secondary metabolites from Rhizophora endophytic fungi. Some compounds had significant bioactivities, as exemplified by pestalpolyol 1 ( 119 ), a novel polyketone derivative isolated from P. clavispora . Compound 119 has a strong inhibitory effect on mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y with an IC 50 value of 4.10 μM. The indole diterpene alkaloids, rhizovrin A, B, and F ( 46, 47, 50 ), isolated from endophytic fungi Mucor irregularis QEN-189, have strong inhibitory effects on lung cancer cells A549, with IC 50 values of 11.5, 6.3, and 9.2 μM, respectively, as well as inhibitory effects on leukemia myeloid cells HL-60, with IC 50 values of 9.6, 5.0, and 7.0 μM, respectively. These findings suggest that Rhizophora endophytic fungi offering numerous use ful products with medicinal and pathogenic significance have yet to be established.","PeriodicalId":406825,"journal":{"name":"Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123618671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Analysis of the Conservation of Central American Mangroves Using the Phytosociological Method 用植物社会学方法分析中美洲红树林的保护

Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78947

A. Cano-Ortiz, C. Musarella, José Carlos PiñarFuentes, C. P. Gomes, S. Río, R. Quinto-Canas, E. Cano

{"title":"Analysis of the Conservation of Central American Mangroves Using the Phytosociological Method","authors":"A. Cano-Ortiz, C. Musarella, José Carlos PiñarFuentes, C. P. Gomes, S. Río, R. Quinto-Canas, E. Cano","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78947","url":null,"abstract":"Additional Abstract Our study of mangrove swamps revealed a total of 120 species, of which 13 are character- istics of mangrove swamps, and 38 of flooded areas with low salt. All the others are inva sive species which have taken advantage of the degradation of these natural ecosystems. The scenario is not very different in Laguna de Tres Palos in Mexico. The frequent fires in the low-growing semi-deciduous rainforest (dry forest) have caused intense erosion, with the consequence that the site has silted up. As a result, the first vegetation band of Rhizophora mangle is extremely rare. Instead, Laguncularia racemosa and Conocarpus erec- tus are dominant, along with a band of Phragmito-Magnocaricetea with a high occurrence of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin., which acts as an indicator of sediment silting. It is extremely frequent for several reasons: as it is the decrease of the salinity of the water, the scarce depth due to the accumulation of sediments and the contamination by the entrance of residual waters of the nearby populations. When the depth and salinity of the water are suitable, the dominant species are Rhizophora mangle , Laguncularia racemosa , and Avicennia germinans .","PeriodicalId":406825,"journal":{"name":"Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115157791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Diversity and Distribution of Polychaetes in Mangroves of East Coast of India 印度东海岸红树林多毛纲的多样性和分布

Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78332

Perumal Murugesan, P. P. Sarathy, Samikkannu Muthuvelu, G. Mahadevan

{"title":"Diversity and Distribution of Polychaetes in Mangroves of East Coast of India","authors":"Perumal Murugesan, P. P. Sarathy, Samikkannu Muthuvelu, G. Mahadevan","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78332","url":null,"abstract":"This research article reports an exhaustive account on the mangrove-associated poly- chaetes. Polychaetes are an important component in marine benthic communities and they play a major ecological role in mangrove ecosystem. This article gives an overview of polychaete diversity associated to five major mangrove forests of east coast of India (Muthupettai, Pichavaram, Coringa, Bhitarkanika and Sundarban). The results of this sur - vey indicated that the physicochemical parameters did not vary much except a few parameters that showed only marginal variations. With regard to the macrobenthic organisms, the polychaetes topped the list. Crustaceans were found to be the next dominant group in the order of abundance and followed by gastropods and bivalves of the total benthic organ- isms collected. The results of the statistical analysis revealed that the parameters such as salinity, pH, silt, clay, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphate (TP) were manifested as best match in determining benthic fauna distributions followed by TOC, slit, clay and TP. The maximum number of polychaete species was recorded from Sundarban mangroves (68 species) and minimum in Muthupettai mangroves (39 species).","PeriodicalId":406825,"journal":{"name":"Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125260672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Morphology, Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Mangrove Soil under Riverine and Marine Influence: A Case Study on Subaé River Basin, Bahia, Brazil 河流和海洋影响下红树林土壤形态、理化特征——以巴西巴伊亚suba<s:1>河流域为例

Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79142

M. R. Bomfim, Jorge A. G. Santos, O. Costa, Joseane Nascimento da Conceiçao, Alyne Araújo daSilva, Claudineia de Souza Souza, Maria da Conceição deAlmeida

{"title":"Morphology, Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Mangrove Soil under Riverine and Marine Influence: A Case Study on Subaé River Basin, Bahia, Brazil","authors":"M. R. Bomfim, Jorge A. G. Santos, O. Costa, Joseane Nascimento da Conceiçao, Alyne Araújo daSilva, Claudineia de Souza Souza, Maria da Conceição deAlmeida","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79142","url":null,"abstract":"The preservation of mangrove ecosystem requires knowledge on soil Morphology, Physical and Chemical Characteristics, for understanding the requirements for their sus-tainability and preservation. Seven pedons of mangrove soil, five under fluvial and two under marine influence, located in the Subaé River basin were described and classified. Samples of horizons were collected for physical and chemical analyses, including Pb and Cd. The moist soils were suboxidic, with Eh below 350 mV. The pH of the pedons under fluvial influence ranged from moderately acid to alkaline, and pedons under marine influence was around 7.0. Mangrove soils under fluvial influence were characterized with the highest Pb and Cd concentrations in the pedons, which could be perhaps due to it closeness to the mining company Plumbum, while the lowest Pb concentrations was registered in the pedon furthest from the factory. Because the pedons had at least one metal above the reference level they were considered potentially toxic. The soils were classified as Gleissolos Tiomórficos Órticos (sálicos) sódico neofluvissólico, according to the Brazilian Soil Classification System and as Thiomorphic orthic Gleysol (salic) sodi cluvissol (potentially toxic, very poorly drained) according with FAO. The pedon under marine influence was classified in the same subgroup, but the metal concentrations met the acceptable standard.","PeriodicalId":406825,"journal":{"name":"Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131160919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Introductory Chapter: Mangrove Ecosystem Research Trends - Where has the Focus been So Far 导论章:红树林生态系统的研究趋势-到目前为止的重点在哪里

Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80962

Sahadev Sharma

引用次数: 3

Salt Compartmentation and Antioxidant Defense in Roots and Leaves of Two Non-Salt Secretor Mangroves under Salt Stress 盐胁迫下两种非盐分泌红树根和叶的盐区隔及抗氧化防御

Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function Pub Date : 2018-03-28 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75583

Niya Li, Xiaoyang Zhou, Rui-gang Wang, Jinke Li, Cunfu Lu, Shaoliang Chen

{"title":"Salt Compartmentation and Antioxidant Defense in Roots and Leaves of Two Non-Salt Secretor Mangroves under Salt Stress","authors":"Niya Li, Xiaoyang Zhou, Rui-gang Wang, Jinke Li, Cunfu Lu, Shaoliang Chen","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75583","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of increasing NaCl (100 – 400 mM) on cellular salt distribution, antioxidant enzymes, and the relevance to reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis were investi- gated in 1-year-old seedlings of two non-salt secretor mangroves, Kandelia obovata and Bruguiera gymnorhiza . K. obovata accumulated less Na + and Cl (cid:1) in root cells and leaf compartments under 400 mM NaCl compared to B. gymnorhiza . However, B. gymnorhiza leaves are notable for preferential accumulation of salt ions in epidermal vacuoles relative to mesophyll vacuoles. Both mangroves upregulated antioxidant enzymes in ASC-GSH cycle to scavenge the salt-elicited ROS in roots and leaves but with different patterns. K. obovata rapidly initiated antioxidant defense to reduce ROS at an early stage of salt stress, whereas B. gymnorhiza maintained a high capacity to detoxify ROS at high saline. Collectively, our results suggest that salinized plants of the two mangroves maintained ROS homeostasis through (i) ROS scavenging by antioxidant enzymes and (ii) limiting ROS production by protective salt compartmentation. In the latter case, an efficient salt exclusion is favorable for K. obovata to reduce the formation of ROS in roots and leaves, while the effective vacuolar salt compartmentation benefited B. gymnorhiza leaves to avoid excessive ROS production in a longer term of increasing salinity.","PeriodicalId":406825,"journal":{"name":"Mangrove Ecosystem Ecology and Function","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131984754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1