{"title":"Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":406354,"journal":{"name":"Raced to Death in 1920s Hawai i","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129778491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conclusion:","authors":"","doi":"10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":406354,"journal":{"name":"Raced to Death in 1920s Hawai i","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132900348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aftermath of Death Sentence:","authors":"","doi":"10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":406354,"journal":{"name":"Raced to Death in 1920s Hawai i","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130588427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":406354,"journal":{"name":"Raced to Death in 1920s Hawai i","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131727754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kidnapping, Killing, and Racial Profiling","authors":"J. Okamura","doi":"10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.6","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter encompasses the first four days of the Fukunaga case starting with the kidnapping and killing of Gill Jamieson. It reviews why and how Gill, as the son of a Hawaiian Trust Co. executive, became Fukunaga’s intended victim. Also discussed are the rapid Haole response to the crime led by the Honolulu Chamber of Commerce, the immense publicity given to it by the Honolulu newspapers, and the massive manhunt that was quickly organized to search for Gill and his killers. The chapter also describes the taking into custody of numerous Japanese American young men, who were subject to racial profiling as suspects in the crime, particularly the Jamieson’s former chauffeur, Harry Kaisan, who was beaten by the police to force a confession from him.","PeriodicalId":406354,"journal":{"name":"Raced to Death in 1920s Hawai i","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133585397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Racial Setting of Hawai‘i in the 1920s","authors":"J. Okamura","doi":"10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.5","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter situates the Fukunaga case in the racial setting of Hawai‘i during the 1920s, when the anti-Japanese movement peaked before World War II. It begins by discussing Haole political and economic power, which resulted from Haole’s enforcing race as the dominant organizing principle of social relations. Also outlined is the anti-Japanese movement, which sought to subordinate Japanese Americans because they were considered the most dangerous threat to Haole domination. The chapter discusses previous racial injustices against Japanese and Filipino labor leaders in the 1920s who had upset the racial hierarchy by organizing plantation strikes. It concludes that the racial setting was demarcated by an uneven racial divide between Haoles and non-Haoles because Native Hawaiians had much greater political access than most of the latter.","PeriodicalId":406354,"journal":{"name":"Raced to Death in 1920s Hawai i","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123895679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Racial Bias and Injustice in Jury Selection and Trial","authors":"J. Okamura","doi":"10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.8","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter begins by reviewing one of the major racial injustices in the Fukunaga case—the voir dire examination of the prospective jurors for his trial. The great majority of those who served on the jury stated they had formed an opinion about Fukunaga’s guilt or innocence, which was probably that he was guilty because he had confessed to the crime. Racial injustice continued with the trial, evident in the rush to have him convicted and executed. Without offering an insanity or other defense, Fukunaga’s attorneys called no witnesses and offered stipulation that Fukunaga killed Gill Jamieson. Questions from the prosecution and testimony from their key witnesses demonstrate how Fukunaga was subject to racialization as Japanese instead of being tried as an individual without regard to race.","PeriodicalId":406354,"journal":{"name":"Raced to Death in 1920s Hawai i","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123926561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Capture, Confession, and Court","authors":"J. Okamura","doi":"10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.7","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter covers the ensuing four days in the case and brings out the speed with which it proceeded in the criminal justice system after Fukunaga’s capture. The major events considered include his arrest as a result of spending some of the ransom money, his immediate admission of guilt, and the prompt publication in the newspapers of such incriminating statements by him. The chapter analyzes the official transcript of his police interrogation, which came to be referred to as his “confession,” that provided detailed information about his crime. It also notes the responses of the Japanese American community to the crime, including by their newspapers. The chapter concludes with a review of Fukunaga’s prompt arraignment in court for first-degree murder and appointment of his two attorneys.","PeriodicalId":406354,"journal":{"name":"Raced to Death in 1920s Hawai i","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116953695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Insanity Question","authors":"J. Okamura","doi":"10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/j.ctvnwc0ts.9","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter considers whether Fukunaga was legally sane or insane when he killed Gill Jamieson, a lingering issue because of the ninety-minute examination given him by the three psychiatrists who testified he was legally sane. The chapter reviews the study by University of Hawai‘i professor Lockwood Myrick Jr., who contended Fukunaga was legally insane because he was compelled by a force he could not withstand—his desire for revenge against the Hawaiian Trust Co. Besides the inability to differentiate between right and wrong, being unable to resist a compelling force was another criterion of legal insanity according to Hawai‘i law. The chapter argues that, based on his actions and statements, Fukunaga appeared to know the difference between right and wrong and that killing Gill was wrong.","PeriodicalId":406354,"journal":{"name":"Raced to Death in 1920s Hawai i","volume":"238 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123039786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aftermath of Death Sentence","authors":"J. Okamura","doi":"10.5622/illinois/9780252042607.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042607.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter covers the period after Fukunaga was given the death sentence to more than a year later, including his execution in November 1929. It reviews the legal appeals to save him from being hanged, which went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court. The chapter also discusses the public assertions of colorblindness in the case by the Honolulu daily newspapers, the Nippu Jiji, and the presiding judge at his trial, which all sought to deny the decisive role that race played in his conviction. It outlines the advocacy efforts by the Japanese American community organized by the Hawaii Hochi to obtain a new trial for Fukunaga and the opposition to that campaign led by the Honolulu press, including the Nippu Jiji.","PeriodicalId":406354,"journal":{"name":"Raced to Death in 1920s Hawai i","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133810725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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