INFLOW '13 Pub Date : 2013-11-03 DOI: 10.1145/2527792.2527794

Hyojun Kim, S. Seshadri, Clem Dickey, Lawrence Chiu

引用次数: 8

MetaData persistence using storage class memory: experiences with flash-backed DRAM 使用存储类内存的元数据持久性:使用闪存支持的DRAM的经验

INFLOW '13 Pub Date : 2013-11-03 DOI: 10.1145/2527792.2527800

Jithin Jose, M. Banikazemi, W. Belluomini, Chet Murthy, D. Panda

{"title":"MetaData persistence using storage class memory: experiences with flash-backed DRAM","authors":"Jithin Jose, M. Banikazemi, W. Belluomini, Chet Murthy, D. Panda","doi":"10.1145/2527792.2527800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2527792.2527800","url":null,"abstract":"Storage Class Memory (SCM) blends the best properties of main memory and hard disk drives. It offers non-volatility and byte addressability, and promises short access times with low cost per bit. Earlier research in this field explored designs exploiting SCM features and used either simulations or theoretical models for evaluations. In this work, we explore the design challenges for achieving non-volatility using real SCM hardware that is available now: Flash-Backed DRAM. We present performance analysis of flash-backed DRAM and describe the system issues involved in achieving true non-volatility using the system memory hierarchy which was designed assuming that data is volatile. We present software abstractions which allow applications to be redesigned easily using SCM features, without having to worry about system issues. Furthermore, we present case studies using two applications with different characteristics: an SSD-based caching layer used in enterprise storage (Flash Cache) and an in-memory database (SolidDB), and redesign them using software abstractions. Our performance evaluations reveal that SCM aware Flash Cache design could enable persistence with less than 2% degradation in performance. Similarly, redesigning SolidDB persistence layer using SCM improved the performance by a factor of two. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that evaluates SCM performance and demonstrates application redesign using real SCM hardware.","PeriodicalId":404573,"journal":{"name":"INFLOW '13","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122576886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Bankshot: caching slow storage in fast non-volatile memory 爆款:在快速非易失性存储器中缓存慢速存储器

INFLOW '13 Pub Date : 2013-11-03 DOI: 10.1145/2527792.2527793

Meenakshi Sundaram Bhaskaran, Jian Xu, S. Swanson

引用次数: 27

High performance & low latency in solid-state drives through redundancy 通过冗余实现固态硬盘的高性能和低延迟

INFLOW '13 Pub Date : 2013-11-03 DOI: 10.1145/2527792.2527798

Dimitris Skourtis, D. Achlioptas, C. Maltzahn, S. Brandt

引用次数: 2

Improving performance and lifetime of the SSD RAID-based host cache through a log-structured approach 通过日志结构化方法提高基于SSD raid的主机缓存的性能和生命周期

INFLOW '13 Pub Date : 2013-11-03 DOI: 10.1145/2527792.2527795

Y. Oh, Jongmoo Choi, Donghee Lee, S. Noh

{"title":"Improving performance and lifetime of the SSD RAID-based host cache through a log-structured approach","authors":"Y. Oh, Jongmoo Choi, Donghee Lee, S. Noh","doi":"10.1145/2527792.2527795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2527792.2527795","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a cost-effective and reliable SSD host cache solution that we call SRC (SSD RAID Cache). Cost-effectiveness is brought about by using multiple low-cost SSDs and reliability is enhanced through RAID-based data redundancy. RAID, however, is managed in a log-structured manner on multiple SSDs effectively eliminating the detrimental read-modify-write operations found in conventional RAID-5. Within the proposed framework, we also propose to eliminate parity blocks for stripes that are composed of clean blocks as the original data resides in primary storage. We also propose the use of destaging, instead of garbage collection, to make space in the cache when the SSD cache is full. We show that the proposed techniques have significant implications on the performance of the cache and lifetime of the SSDs that comprise the cache. Finally, we study various ways in which stripes can be formed based on data and parity block allocation policies. Our experimental results using different realistic I/O workloads show using the SRC scheme is on average 59% better than the conventional SSD cache scheme supporting RAID-5. In case of lifetime, our results show that SRC reduces the erase count of the SSD drives by an average of 47% compared to the RAID-5 scheme.","PeriodicalId":404573,"journal":{"name":"INFLOW '13","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126111682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Log-structured cache: trading hit-rate for storage performance (and winning) in mobile devices 日志结构缓存:在移动设备中以命中率换取存储性能(和胜利)

INFLOW '13 Pub Date : 2013-11-03 DOI: 10.1145/2527792.2527797

Abutalib Aghayev, Peter Desnoyers

{"title":"Log-structured cache: trading hit-rate for storage performance (and winning) in mobile devices","authors":"Abutalib Aghayev, Peter Desnoyers","doi":"10.1145/2527792.2527797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2527792.2527797","url":null,"abstract":"Browser caches are typically designed to maximize hit rates---if all other factors are held equal, then the highest hit rate will result in the highest performance. However, if the performance of the underlying cache storage (i.e. the file system) varies with differing workloads, then these other factors may in fact not be equal when comparing different cache strategies.\u0000 Mobile systems such as smart phones are typically equipped with low-speed flash storage, and suffer severe degradation in file system performance under sufficiently random write workloads. A cache implementation which performs random writes will thus spend more time reading and writing its cache, possibly resulting in lower overall system performance than a lower-hit-rate implementation which achieves higher storage performance.\u0000 We present a log-structured browser cache, generating almost purely sequential writes, and in which cleaning is efficiently performed by cache eviction. An implementation of this cache for the Chromium browser on Android was developed; using captured user browsing traces we test the log-structured cache and compare its performance to the existing Chromium implementation.\u0000 We achieve a ten-fold performance improvement in basic cache operations (as measured on a Nexus 7 tablet), while in the worst case increasing miss rate by less than 3% (from 65% to 68%). For network bandwidths of 1Mb/s or higher the increased cache performance more than makes up for the decrease in hit rate; the effect is more pronounced when examining 95th percentile delays.","PeriodicalId":404573,"journal":{"name":"INFLOW '13","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131100388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

NVM heaps for accelerating browser-based applications 用于加速基于浏览器的应用程序的NVM堆

INFLOW '13 Pub Date : 2013-11-03 DOI: 10.1145/2527792.2527796

Sudarsun Kannan, Ada Gavrilovska, K. Schwan, Sanjay Kumar

引用次数: 1

Exploring storage class memory with key value stores 使用键值存储探索存储类内存

INFLOW '13 Pub Date : 2013-11-03 DOI: 10.1145/2527792.2527799

Katelin Bailey, Peter Hornyack, L. Ceze, S. Gribble, H. Levy

{"title":"Exploring storage class memory with key value stores","authors":"Katelin Bailey, Peter Hornyack, L. Ceze, S. Gribble, H. Levy","doi":"10.1145/2527792.2527799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2527792.2527799","url":null,"abstract":"In the near future, new storage-class memory (SCM) technologies -- such as phase-change memory and memristors -- will radically change the nature of long-term storage. These devices will be cheap, non-volatile, byte addressable, and near DRAM density and speed. While SCM offers enormous opportunities, profiting from them will require new storage systems specifically designed for SCM's properties.\u0000 This paper presents Echo, a persistent key-value storage system designed to leverage the advantages and address the challenges of SCM. The goals of Echo include high performance for both small and large data objects, recoverability after failure, and scalability on multicore systems. Echo achieves its goals through the use of a two-level memory design targeted for memory systems containing both DRAM and SCM, exploitation of SCM's byte addressability for fine-grained transactions in non-volatile memory, and the use of snapshot isolation for concurrency, consistency, and versioning. Our evaluation demonstrates that Echo's SCM-centric design achieves the durability guarantees of the best disk-based stores with the performance characteristics approaching the best in-memory key-value stores.","PeriodicalId":404573,"journal":{"name":"INFLOW '13","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121792741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 49

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