Dictionary of the Ben cao gang mu, Volume 1最新文献

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Dictionary of the Ben cao gang mu, Volume 1 Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1525/9780520959651-031

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Dictionary of the Ben cao gang mu, Volume 1 Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1525/9780520959651-016

Dossier DU Participant

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Dictionary of the Ben cao gang mu, Volume 1 Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1525/9780520959651-030

Daniele Muser, Massimo Tritto, Marco Valerio Mariani, A. Monaco, Paolo Compagnucci, Michele Accogli, R. D. Ponti, Fabrizio Guarracini

{"title":"- R -","authors":"Daniele Muser, Massimo Tritto, Marco Valerio Mariani, A. Monaco, Paolo Compagnucci, Michele Accogli, R. D. Ponti, Fabrizio Guarracini","doi":"10.1525/9780520959651-030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520959651-030","url":null,"abstract":"Bioinspired nanomaterials are ideal components for nanomedicine, by virtue of their expected biocompatibility or even complete lack of toxicity. Natural and artificial melanin-based nanoparticles (MNP), including polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NP), excel for their extraordinary combination of additional optical, electronic, chemical, photophysical, and photochemical properties. Thanks to these features, melanin plays an important multifunctional role in the design of new platforms for nanomedicine where this material works not only as a mechanical support or scaffold, but as an active component for imaging, even multimodal, and simple or synergistic therapy. The number of examples of bio-applications of MNP increased dramatically in the last decade. Here, we review the most recent ones, focusing on the multiplicity of functions that melanin performs in theranostics platforms with increasing complexity. For the sake of clarity, we start analyzing briefly the main properties of melanin and its derivative as well as main natural sources and synthetic methods, moving to imaging application from mono-modal (fluorescence, photoacoustic, and magnetic resonance) to multi-modal, and then to mono-therapy (drug delivery, anti-oxidant, photothermal, and photodynamic), and finally to theranostics and synergistic therapies, including geneand immunoin combination to photothermal and photodynamic. Nanomedicine aims not only at the treatment of diseases, but also to their prevention, and melanin in nature performs a protective action, in the form of nanopigment, against UV-Vis radiations and oxidants. With these functions being at the border between nanomedicine and cosmetics nanotechnology, recently examples of applications of artificial MNP in cosmetics are increasing, paving the road to the birth of the new science of nanocosmetics. In the last part of this review, we summarize and discuss these important recent results that establish evidence of the interconnection between nanomedicine and cosmetics nanotechnology.","PeriodicalId":403019,"journal":{"name":"Dictionary of the Ben cao gang mu, Volume 1","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115337563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Acknowledgments 致谢

Dictionary of the Ben cao gang mu, Volume 1 Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1525/9780520959651-001

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Frontmatter

Dictionary of the Ben cao gang mu, Volume 1 Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1525/9780520959651-fm

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1. Abbreviations 1. 缩写

Dictionary of the Ben cao gang mu, Volume 1 Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1525/9780520959651-012

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Dictionary of the Ben cao gang mu, Volume 1 Pub Date : 1968-12-31 DOI: 10.1525/9780520959651-032

Kevin Cyr

{"title":"- T -","authors":"Kevin Cyr","doi":"10.1525/9780520959651-032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520959651-032","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the interaction and tension between the attitudes of the police and the courts in the context of the criminal justice system. Canadian laws governing the authority of the police are argued to be generally permissive but lacking in clear and specific definition. Because of this, their application may be highly subjective which causes problems when the police and the courts have different expectations for the role of the police. Police generally adopt a crime control approach in their investigative processes while courts tend to use a due process approach in trials. The article examines the factors within law enforcement, as well as broader societal elements, which lead to police adopting a crime control approach. Also examined are behavioural and situational elements that influence police officers’ decisions, particularly when they work from a presumption of guilt. This approach often conflicts with the legal presumption of innocent until proven guilty that is required in the trial process. This creates tensions, especially when police are required to explain their decisions and actions in the course of a trial. The article argues that the lack of clarity in the laws of police authority has resulted in police officers defaulting to a crime control approach, since it matches their view of their role in society. It conflicts, however, with the courts’ assumptions of what police behaviour should be, which leads to tension between the two institutions. tries desperately","PeriodicalId":403019,"journal":{"name":"Dictionary of the Ben cao gang mu, Volume 1","volume":"401 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123964718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 53

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Dictionary of the Ben cao gang mu, Volume 1 Pub Date : 1928-12-31 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-24958-8_26

Bronislaw Malinowski

引用次数: 36

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Dictionary of the Ben cao gang mu, Volume 1 Pub Date : 1840-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9783110578928-009

Clubes Sociais, Recreativos E Esportivos

引用次数: 36