Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects最新文献

Silver nanoparticles forensic uses and toxicity on vital organs and different body systems 纳米银的法医学用途以及对重要器官和人体不同系统的毒性

Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.17352/atte.000018

Kh ALAtawi Mashael, AlAsmari Asma A, AlAliany Abeer Dh, Almajed Maryim M, Sakran Mohamed Ibrahim

引用次数: 0

Chemical characterization and health risks associated with e-cigarettes: A comprehensive review 电子烟的化学特征和健康风险：全面回顾

Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.17352/atte.000016

Sanchez-Rosario Ramon, Pratt Karla, Aquino Mónica, Vega Pedro, Sanchez Sergio H, Peña-Calderon Doris

{"title":"Chemical characterization and health risks associated with e-cigarettes: A comprehensive review","authors":"Sanchez-Rosario Ramon, Pratt Karla, Aquino Mónica, Vega Pedro, Sanchez Sergio H, Peña-Calderon Doris","doi":"10.17352/atte.000016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/atte.000016","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of the cigarette industry took us from traditional to electronic cigarettes (e-cigs). These are electronic devices that produce nicotine-containing aerosols by heating a liquid (e-liquid) that contains the drug as well as other numerous compounds. Although designed to decrease the harmful effects of traditional cigarettes, little is known about the long-term health incidence of e-cigarettes. The chemical composition of e-liquids varies depending on their manufacturer, country of origin, and batches. Fundamentally, e-liquids contain glycerol, propylene glycol, water, and nicotine. However, a concerning number of toxic substances including heavy metals, nonmetals, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, and many other molecules have been identified in them. A wide number of analytical techniques have been employed in the identification and quantitation of these chemicals in liquids as well as aerosols. This review will discuss the numerous chemical substances associated with the use of e-cigarettes, including the potential impact of these on human health. Additionally, this work will address the available analytical tools as well as promising technologies that can contribute to future toxicological characterization efforts. This review also covers some of the global regulatory policies including their challenges and loopholes.","PeriodicalId":402854,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140740886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ABDALA, a preventive vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, is safe in Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus monkeys ABDALA是一种针对SARS-CoV-2的预防性疫苗，在沙猴身上是安全的

Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.17352/atte.000014

Aldana Lizet, Sosa Iliana, Polo Juan Carlos, Gutierrez Mariby, Falcón Viviana, León Avelina, Castillo Rebeca, Puente Pedro, Esteves Nancy, Valdés Rodolfo, Ayala Marta, Limonta Miladys, Guillén Gerardo, Velazco Jorge Castro

{"title":"ABDALA, a preventive vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, is safe in Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus monkeys","authors":"Aldana Lizet, Sosa Iliana, Polo Juan Carlos, Gutierrez Mariby, Falcón Viviana, León Avelina, Castillo Rebeca, Puente Pedro, Esteves Nancy, Valdés Rodolfo, Ayala Marta, Limonta Miladys, Guillén Gerardo, Velazco Jorge Castro","doi":"10.17352/atte.000014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/atte.000014","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The ABDALA vaccine is a subunit vaccine developed for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and the progression of COVID-19 to severe forms, using as an active pharmaceutical ingredient a recombinant version of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) expressed in Pichia pastoris. The aim of the paper was to describe the safety profile of the ABDALA vaccine in monkeys (Cholorocebus aethiops sabaeus). For such aim, the vaccine was administered to the monkeys intramuscularly six times every 14 days, following the same scheme used in clinical trials done against COVID-19. Animals were allocated to four groups: Placebo, ABDALA Low-dose (50 µg per animal), ABDALA High-dose (100 µg per animal), and Reversion (100 µg per animal) to be submitted to a clinical, hematological and serum biochemical evaluation. Histopathological assessment of all tissues and organs was also conducted. Results: As the main results, all animals survived and negative effects were not detected during animal clinical evaluations. The body weight and rectal temperature exhibited no variations and hematological and serum biochemical parameters showed no alterations associated with ABDALA administration. Finally, the histopathological study confirmed the proliferation of spleen white pulp due to ABDALA administration. Conclusions: Therefore, results strongly suggest ABDALA does not cause toxic effects or damage in the organs of Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus monkeys, indicating that it is a promising and safe novel vaccine to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans and the progression of COVID-19 to severe forms.","PeriodicalId":402854,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134972564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protective effects of CAPE against testicular damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats CAPE对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠睾丸损伤的保护作用

Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects Pub Date : 2023-07-08 DOI: 10.17352/atte.000013

E. Taşlıdere, N. Vardı, H. Elbe, A. Taslidere, B. Taşlıdere, Hilal Cirik, Z. Doğan, Yusuf Turkoz

{"title":"Protective effects of CAPE against testicular damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","authors":"E. Taşlıdere, N. Vardı, H. Elbe, A. Taslidere, B. Taşlıdere, Hilal Cirik, Z. Doğan, Yusuf Turkoz","doi":"10.17352/atte.000013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/atte.000013","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of CAPE on oxidative stress and apoptosis against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced damage in rat testis after diabetes. Materials and methods: The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control animals, Control animals given CAPE, STZ-induced diabetic animals, and STZ-induced diabetic rats given CAPE. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg). Testicular damage was examined by using hematoxylin and eosin staining and apoptosis was determined by Caspase-3. Potential disorders associated with seminiferous tubular sperm formation were evaluated using the Johnsen score and seminiferous tubule diameters were measured using the Leica Q Win Plus Image Analysis System. Results: Diabetic rats showed an increase in degenerated germ cells along with a decrease in seminiferous tubule diameter. Also, Caspase-3 positive cells were significantly increased in diabetic rats compared to control rats. On the other hand, CAPE significantly reduced the damage and germ cell apoptosis in diabetic rat testis. In testis tissues samples. CAPE treatment significantly decreased the elevated tissue malondialdehyde levels, while increasing the reduced superoxide dismutase enzyme activity. Conclusion: These results suggest that CAPE administered intraperitoneally for 20 days to diabetic rats is a potentially beneficial agent that can be used to reduce testicular damage.","PeriodicalId":402854,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116031909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determining heavy metal concentrations and physicochemical properties in wastewater 测定废水中重金属浓度及理化性质

Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.17352/atte.000012

R. Hailu, Mekonen Nibret

{"title":"Determining heavy metal concentrations and physicochemical properties in wastewater","authors":"R. Hailu, Mekonen Nibret","doi":"10.17352/atte.000012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/atte.000012","url":null,"abstract":"Wastewaters are frequently harmful to both the environment and human health since they are both directly and indirectly released into surface waters. The aim of this study was to determine physicochemical properties and to assess the levels of heavy metals in wastewater. Wastewater samples were collected from Koka and Mojo from the Oromia region, Ethiopia. Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was used to determine the concentration of these heavy metals. The conductivity of wastewater obtained from the Mojo and Koka sites ranged from 1141.33 to 1498.32µS/cm and 1066.33 to 1243.72µS/cm, respectively. The maximum and minimum BOD effluent from Mojo and Koka sites were 1044.78mg/L and 794.73mg/L, and 883.00mg/L and 772.67mg/L, respectively. The COD value was found to range between 1466.08mg/L and 1615.38mg/L in the Mojo area and 1352.65mg/L to 1530.83mg/L in the Koka area, respectively. High BOD levels are a sign of contamination and could indicate a lack of oxygen for living things. In every one of the sample sites, it exceeds the recommended level. High COD levels suggest hazardous conditions and the presence of organic compounds that are resistant to biological processes. The maximum TDS of the effluents, which is more than the recommended limit, were found to be 2417.08mg/L and 2317.06mg/L in Mojo and Koka areas, respectively. Overall concentrations of heavy metals (As, Pb, B, Zn, Cd Hg, Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn and Cr) in mg/L were found to be in the permissible range except for mercury (Hg). The wastewater had heavy metal Hg that was higher than the limits advised by the WHO and US EPA. The studies’ findings imply that the effluents are harmful by nature and need considerable treatment before being released into the ecosystem on land.","PeriodicalId":402854,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124402440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Codeine induced hematological, hepatic alterations, lung and brain damage in mice 可待因引起小鼠血液学、肝脏改变、肺和脑损伤

Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects Pub Date : 2022-07-26 DOI: 10.17352/atte.000011

Adele Bernard Omokheshi, Alonge Adeyinka Joseph, Adewoye Elsie Olufunke

{"title":"Codeine induced hematological, hepatic alterations, lung and brain damage in mice","authors":"Adele Bernard Omokheshi, Alonge Adeyinka Joseph, Adewoye Elsie Olufunke","doi":"10.17352/atte.000011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/atte.000011","url":null,"abstract":"Codeine, an opiate derivate, which induces pleasure and euphoria in users, is contained in many OTC cough syrups as dextromethorphan. In 2011, its abuse has been reported in Nigeria from consumption of codeine-based cough syrup such as Benylin containing codeine syrup (BCS). Thereafter, the neurobehavioural alteration was reported with BCS in mice. 45 Swiss male mice (20 g -25 g) were grouped into control, low dose-(10.95 ml/kg BCS) and High dose-(21.90 ml/kg of BCS). BCS was given orally above the therapeutic dose for 4weeks. Blood samples were collected after 7 and 28days under mild ether anesthesia into plain and heparinized bottles to assess hematological indices, serum creatinine level, and activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Thereafter, the brain, lung, and liver were excised and processed for brain protein level and histopathological observation. Data were analyzed using Two-way ANOVA at P < 0.05. At both doses, BCS reduced hemoglobin concentration (10.56; 21.69%), lymphocyte count (10.54; 29.22%) and brain protein level (4.86±0.81; 4.86 ± 0.80 vs 9.20 ± 0.61 g/l) while white blood cell count (20.47; 46.08%), serum creatinine level (5.36; 18.75%), AST (26.31; 32.77%) and ALT (22.90; 36.70%) activities were increased compared to control. Histology shows marked necrosis and chronic infiltration by inflammatory cells in the brain, liver, and lung. Acute and chronic treatment of mice with Benylin with codeine resulted in significant alterations in blood and vital body organs such as kidney, liver, lung, and brain in a dose-dependent manner.","PeriodicalId":402854,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126155791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adverse Effects of Saccharum offi cinarum Molasses on Rat Testicular Cells 肉桂糖蜜对大鼠睾丸细胞的不良影响

Advances in Toxicology and Toxic Effects Pub Date : 2019-09-17 DOI: 10.17352/atte.000003

Eunice Ogunwole, Kunle-Alabi Ot, Akindele Oo, Y. Raji

引用次数: 1