Current Topics in Toxicology最新文献

Expression of TrkB receptors in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex of mice exposed to ethanol and voluntary physical activity TrkB受体在乙醇和自主体力活动小鼠伏隔核和前额叶皮层的表达

Current Topics in Toxicology Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.31300/cttx.18.2022.101-106

M. B. Contó, V. D’Almeida, R. Camarini

{"title":"Expression of TrkB receptors in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex of mice exposed to ethanol and voluntary physical activity","authors":"M. B. Contó, V. D’Almeida, R. Camarini","doi":"10.31300/cttx.18.2022.101-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31300/cttx.18.2022.101-106","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is known to be influenced by environmental factors. Voluntary physical activity (VPA) has been proven to be rewarding and to play a role in preventing drug relapse. In a previous study, we found that VPA mitigated ethanol-rewarding effects by preventing ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). There is evidence demonstrating alterations in the neurotrophic signaling of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in mice subjected to both CPP conditioning and VPA. Considering the putative participation of the BDNF signaling in ethanol-CPP and the high-affinity BDNF receptors TrkB 145 kDa and 90 kDa, we sought to address whether the expression of these receptors is changed in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of ethanol-treated mice exposed to VPA. Mice were assigned into four groups. They were housed in home cages with locked (“Sedentary”) or unlocked running wheels (VPA), and treated with saline or 1.8 g/kg ethanol during the conditioning phase. The groups are referred as Saline-Sedentary, Saline-VPA, EthanolSedentary and Ethanol-VPA. TrkB receptors do not play a relevant role in ethanol-induced CPP or in VPA-induced protection against ethanol CPP. VPA and ethanol exposure decreased TrkB 145/90 ratio in the PFC. No differences were found among groups in the NAc. Considering that TrkB 90 kDa can counterbalance the excessive neurotrophic signaling mediated by BDNF-TrkB 145 kDa in the brain, the lower TrkB 145/90 ratio might represent a putative protection to stressful events involving BDNF-induced glutamatergic hyperexcitability and excitotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":39898,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Toxicology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43640935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increased muscle fiber size and pathology with botulinum toxin treatment of upper extremity muscles in cerebral palsy. 用肉毒杆菌毒素治疗脑瘫患者上肢肌肉时，肌纤维尺寸和病理变化增加。

Current Topics in Toxicology Pub Date : 2022-01-01

Jan Fridén, Nenad Stankovic, Samuel R Ward, Richard L Lieber

{"title":"Increased muscle fiber size and pathology with botulinum toxin treatment of upper extremity muscles in cerebral palsy.","authors":"Jan Fridén, Nenad Stankovic, Samuel R Ward, Richard L Lieber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin A (BTX) are regularly used to treat skeletal muscle spasticity and relieve pain during rehabilitation therapy. However, while numerous preclinical studies have shown dramatic atrophic changes in muscle, little is known about the long-term effect of toxin on human skeletal muscle. In this study, muscle morphology was analyzed in biopsies taken from spastic upper extremity muscles of 8 cerebral palsy patients treated with BTX 5 months to 4 years prior sampling and was compared to muscles from 7 patients who had not ever received BTX treatment (overall 25 muscle biopsies obtained from 6 different muscles.). The most important (and surprising) finding was that BTX-treated muscles contained significantly larger fibers compared to untreated muscles. A strong correlation between fiber size and age was observed but the growth rate in the BTX group was larger. Pathological signs such as central nuclei, neonatal myosin heavy chain expression, angular fibers and hybrid fibers (expressing both slow and fast myosin heavy chain fibers) were significantly greater in BTX-treated muscles compared to untreated muscles. Capillarization was also increased in BTX-treated muscle compared to untreated muscles and was the best predictor of fiber size. We suggest that, in the context of spasticity, BTX may block negative, atrophy-inducing pressure of the central nervous system on skeletal muscle or may allow an altered use pattern that should be considered a positive adjuvant to current rehabilitation therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":39898,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Toxicology","volume":"18 ","pages":"167-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10049878/pdf/nihms-1880357.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9282458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of the effects of argan and nigella oils on malathion-induced cognitive-behavioral alterations and brain histopathology in male Wistar rats 摩洛哥坚果油和黑草油对马拉硫磷诱导的雄性Wistar大鼠认知行为改变和脑组织病理学影响的比较

Current Topics in Toxicology Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.31300/cttx.17.2021.131-142

Pacôme Kouadio N’Go, Emmanuel Diboh, I. Sylla, A. Ahami, Y. Aboussaleh, F. Azzaoui, S. Boulbaroud

引用次数: 1

Driving under the influence of drugs in Italy: Describing two assessment protocols 意大利毒品影响下的驾驶：描述两种评估方案

Current Topics in Toxicology Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.31300/cttx.17.2021.31-40

Arianna Pioda, I. Mercurio, G. B. Pioda, M. Bacci, G. Troiano, C. Gambelunghe

引用次数: 0

Naphthalene Mothballs: Emerging and Recurring Issues and their Relevance to Environmental Health. 萘蛾球：新出现和反复出现的问题及其与环境健康的相关性。

Current Topics in Toxicology Pub Date : 2011-01-01

Daniel L Sudakin, David L Stone, Laura Power

引用次数: 0