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Blood Money: The Financial Implications of Plasma Sales for Individuals and Non-Bank Lenders 血钱:血浆销售对个人和非银行贷款机构的财务影响
HEN: Equity/Inequalities (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3940369
J. Dooley, Emily Gallagher
{"title":"Blood Money: The Financial Implications of Plasma Sales for Individuals and Non-Bank Lenders","authors":"J. Dooley, Emily Gallagher","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3940369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3940369","url":null,"abstract":"In the United States, households donate plasma for compensation at a higher rate than they use payday, auto-title, rent-to-own, or pawn loans. Our paper is the first to explore the financial implications for households of plasma donation. Plasma donors tend to be younger and less educated with lower incomes and credit scores; they are also more reliant on non-bank credit. We use dramatic growth in plasma centers between 2014 and 2021 to study the causal effect of the ability to donate plasma on non-bank credit. We find that access to a plasma donation center reduces demand (inquiries) for payday and installment loans by 6.5% and 8.1%, respectively, with larger effects (13.1% and 15.7%, respectively) on younger borrowers. Moreover, foot traffic increases by 7-10% at essential and non-essential goods establishments when a new plasma center opens nearby. Our findings suggest that plasma donation helps households smooth consumption without appealing to high-cost debt.","PeriodicalId":398002,"journal":{"name":"HEN: Equity/Inequalities (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132400229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Socio-Economic Disparities in US Healthcare Spending: The Role of Public vs Private Insurance 美国医疗保健支出的社会经济差异:公共保险与私人保险的作用
HEN: Equity/Inequalities (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3120132
E. Capatina, M. Keane, Shiko Maruyama
{"title":"Socio-Economic Disparities in US Healthcare Spending: The Role of Public vs Private Insurance","authors":"E. Capatina, M. Keane, Shiko Maruyama","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3120132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3120132","url":null,"abstract":"In the US healthcare system, patients of different socio-economic status (SES) often receive disparate treatment for similar conditions. Prior work documents this phenomenon for particular treatments/conditions, but we take a system-wide view and examine socioeconomic disparities in spending for all medical conditions at the 3-digit ICD-9 level. We also compare SES spending gradients for those covered by private vs. public insurance (Medicare). Using data on adult respondents from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2000-14, we estimate multivariate regressions for individual medical spending (total and out-of-pocket) controlling for medical conditions, demographics, health, and insurance, separately by sex, education, and age. Within age-sex categories, we assess how spending on each condition varies with education (a proxy for SES). In the predominantly privately insured population aged 24-64, system spending for several of the most socially costly conditions is strongly increasing in education (e.g., breast cancer for women and chest symptoms for men). These disparities are not explained by differences in health, insurance status, or ability-to-pay, suggesting they arise due to discrimination. However, we find no positive SES gradients for individuals over 64 covered by the public Medicare program, suggesting that Medicare plays an important role in improving equity.","PeriodicalId":398002,"journal":{"name":"HEN: Equity/Inequalities (Topic)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130827723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Health Disparities by Income in Spain before and after the Economic Crisis 经济危机前后西班牙按收入分列的健康差距
HEN: Equity/Inequalities (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-12-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2698554
M. Coveney, Pilar García-Gómez, E. van Doorslaer, Tom Van Ourti
{"title":"Health Disparities by Income in Spain before and after the Economic Crisis","authors":"M. Coveney, Pilar García-Gómez, E. van Doorslaer, Tom Van Ourti","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2698554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2698554","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about how health disparities by income change during times of economic crisis. We apply a decomposition method to unravel the contributions of income growth, income inequality and differential income mobility across socio-demographic groups to changes in health disparities by income in Spain using longitudinal data from the Survey of Income and Living Conditions for the period 2004-2012. We find a modest rise in health inequality by income in Spain in the 5 years of economic growth prior to the start of the crisis in 2008, but a sharp fall after 2008. The drop mainly derives from the fact that loss of employment and earnings has disproportionately affected the incomes of the younger and healthier groups rather than the (mainly stable pension) incomes of the groups over 65 years. This suggests that unequal distribution of income protection by age may reduce health inequality in the short run after an economic recession. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":398002,"journal":{"name":"HEN: Equity/Inequalities (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132312157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Inequality and Bi-Polarization in Socioeconomic Status and Health: Ordinal Approaches 社会经济地位和健康的不平等和两极化:序数方法
HEN: Equity/Inequalities (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-08-09 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2307835
B. Apouey, J. Silber
{"title":"Inequality and Bi-Polarization in Socioeconomic Status and Health: Ordinal Approaches","authors":"B. Apouey, J. Silber","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2307835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2307835","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional indices of bi-dimensional inequality and polarization were developed for cardinal variables and cannot be used to quantify dispersion in ordinal measures of socioeconomic status and health. This paper develops two approaches to the measurement of inequality and bi-polarization using only ordinal information. An empirical illustration is given for 24 European Union countries in 2004-2006 and 2011. Results suggest that inequalities and bi-polarization in income and health are especially large in Estonia and Portugal, and that inequalities have significantly increased in recent years in Austria, Belgium, Finland, Germany, and the Netherlands, whereas bi-polarization significantly decreased in France, Portugal, and the UK.","PeriodicalId":398002,"journal":{"name":"HEN: Equity/Inequalities (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121831800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
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