{"title":"Missing Information Principle: A Unified Approach for General Truncated and Censored Survival Data Problems.","authors":"Yifei Sun, J. Qin, Chiung-Yu Huang","doi":"10.1214/17-STS638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1214/17-STS638","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that truncated survival data are subject to sampling bias, where the sampling weight depends on the underlying truncation time distribution. Recently, there has been a rising interest in developing methods to better exploit the information about the truncation time, thus the sampling weight function, to obtain more efficient estimation. In this paper, we propose to treat truncation and censoring as \"missing data mechanism\" and apply the missing information principle to develop a unified framework for analyzing left-truncated and right-censored data with unspecified or known truncation time distributions. Our framework is structured in a way that is easy to understand and enjoys a great flexibility for handling different types of models. Moreover, a new test for checking the independence between the underlying truncation time and survival time is derived along the same line. The proposed hypothesis testing procedure utilizes all observed data and hence can yield a much higher power than the conditional Kendall's tau test that only involves comparable pairs of observations under truncation. Simulation studies with practical sample sizes are conducted to compare the performance of the proposed method with its competitors. The proposed methodologies are applied to a dementia study and a nursing house study for illustration.","PeriodicalId":397321,"journal":{"name":"Statistical science : a review journal of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126580658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scalable Genomics with R and Bioconductor","authors":"Michael F. Lawrence, Martin T. Morgan","doi":"10.1214/14-STS476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1214/14-STS476","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews strategies for solving problems encountered when analyzing large genomic data sets and describes the implementation of those strategies in R by packages from the Bioconductor project. We treat the scalable processing, summarization and visualization of big genomic data. The general ideas are well established and include restrictive queries, compression, iteration and parallel computing. We demonstrate the strategies by applying Bioconductor packages to the detection and analysis of genetic variants from a whole genome sequencing experiment.","PeriodicalId":397321,"journal":{"name":"Statistical science : a review journal of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128754671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discussion of \"Estimating Random Effects via Adjustment for Density Maximization\" by C. Morris and R. Tang.","authors":"P. Lahiri, S. Pramanik","doi":"10.1214/11-STS349B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1214/11-STS349B","url":null,"abstract":"We thoroughly enjoyed reading this excellent authoritative paper full of interesting ideas, which should be useful in both Bayesian and non-Bayesian inferences. We first discuss the accuracy of the ADM approximation to a Bayesian solution in a real-life application and then discuss how some of the ideas presented in the paper could be useful in a non-Bayesian setting.","PeriodicalId":397321,"journal":{"name":"Statistical science : a review journal of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124819202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comment: Demystifying Double Robustness: A Comparison of Alternative Strategies for Estimating a Population Mean from Incomplete Data.","authors":"A. Tsiatis, M. Davidian","doi":"10.1214/07-STS227B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1214/07-STS227B","url":null,"abstract":"We congratulate Drs. Kang and Schafer (KS henceforth) for a careful and thought-provoking contribution to the literature regarding the so-called “double robustness” property, a topic that still engenders some confusion and disagreement. The authors’ approach of focusing on the simplest situation of estimation of the population mean μ of a response y when y is not observed on all subjects according to a missing at random (MAR) mechanism (equivalently, estimation of the mean of a potential outcome in a causal model under the assumption of no unmeasured confounders) is commendable, as the fundamental issues can be explored without the distractions of the messier notation and considerations required in more complicated settings. Indeed, as the article demonstrates, this simple setting is sufficient to highlight a number of key points. \u0000 \u0000As noted eloquently by Molenberghs (2005), in regard to how such missing data/causal inference problems are best addressed, two “schools” may be identified: the “likelihood-oriented” school and the “weighting-based” school. As we have emphasized previously (Davidian, Tsiatis and Leon, 2005), we prefer to view inference from the vantage point of semi-parametric theory, focusing on the assumptions embedded in the statistical models leading to different “types” of estimators (i.e., “likelihood-oriented” or “weighting-based”) rather than on the forms of the estimators themselves. In this discussion, we hope to complement the presentation of the authors by elaborating on this point of view. \u0000 \u0000Throughout, we use the same notation as in the paper.","PeriodicalId":397321,"journal":{"name":"Statistical science : a review journal of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128037706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Royall, R. Bartlett, R. G. Cornell, D. Byar, W. Dupont, R. Levine, Foster Lindley, R. Simes, M. Zelen
{"title":"Ethics and statistics in randomized clinical trials.","authors":"R. Royall, R. Bartlett, R. G. Cornell, D. Byar, W. Dupont, R. Levine, Foster Lindley, R. Simes, M. Zelen","doi":"10.1214/SS/1177011934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1214/SS/1177011934","url":null,"abstract":"Randomized clinical trials can present a scientific/ethical dilemma for clinical investigators. Statisticians have tended to focus on only one side of this dilemma, emphasizing the statistical and scientific advantages of randomized trials. Here we look at the other side, exam- ining the personal care principle on which the physician-patient rela- tionship is based and observing how that principle can make it difflcult or impossible for a physician to participate in a randomized clinical study. We urge that the view that randomized clinical trials are the only scientifically valid means of resolving controversies about thera- pies is mistaken, and we suggest that a faulty statistical principle is partly to blame for this misconception. We conclude that statisticians should be more sensitive to the physician's responsibility to the individ- ual patient and should, besides promoting randomized trials when they are ethically and practically feasible, work to improve the planning, execution, and analysis of nonrandomized clinical studies.","PeriodicalId":397321,"journal":{"name":"Statistical science : a review journal of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122720430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}