{"title":"7. The smell of the future","authors":"M. Cobb","doi":"10.1093/actrade/9780198825258.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198825258.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"How is the climate crisis affecting our sense of smell? ‘The smell of the future’ looks at the effect of chemical changes in the atmosphere and their disruptions to the behaviour of birds, bees, and fish. Humans in highly polluted areas have decreased olfactory function, which can affect mental health. Recent attempts at building artificial noses have met with varying degrees of success. Some of these electronic noses can perform useful functions such as sniffing out diseases. There is no magic solution to loss of smell or smelling things which are not there (phantosmia) but there are some techniques that patients can use to help a lost sense of smell return.","PeriodicalId":395901,"journal":{"name":"Smell: A Very Short Introduction","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130176369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3. Smell signals","authors":"M. Cobb","doi":"10.1093/actrade/9780198825258.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198825258.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"‘Smell signals’ looks at pheromones—chemical substances released by animals that cause a specific reaction in another of their species. The clearest examples of pheromonal communication come from insects, including bees, moths, and fruit flies. Scientists have found it harder to identify pheromones in vertebrates. There is chemical communication between animals, and examples of pheromonal signalling in mice, goats, and rabbits. For pheromone evolution to occur, both stimulus and receptor must change simultaneously. Pheromones are generally not proteins, so are not directly affected by genes. While humans are quick to accept the idea that they have pheromones, there is no decisive evidence.","PeriodicalId":395901,"journal":{"name":"Smell: A Very Short Introduction","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121317742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}