{"title":"Political Environment Aspects of COVID-19: Political Urban Attributes, Density and Compliance","authors":"N. Barak, Udi Sommer, Nir Mualam","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3698311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3698311","url":null,"abstract":"Current debates identifying urban population density as a major catalyst for the spread of COVID-19, and the praise for de-densification and urban sprawl that they entail, may have dire environmental consequences. Juxtaposing competing theories about the urban antecedents of COVID-19, our key argument is that urban political attributes overshadow the effects of cities’ spatial characteristics. This is true even when considering levels of compliance with movement restrictions and controlling for demographic and socio-economic conditions. Taking advantage of a nation that is a living lab for studying COVID-19, we examine 271 localities during the first 3 months of the outbreak in Israel, a country where over 90% of the population is urban. Rather than density, we find politics to have a critical effect. Cities with some types of political minority groups, but not others, exhibit higher infection rates. Compliance has a significant effect and density’s influence on the spread of the disease is contingent on urban political attributes. We conclude with assessing how the relationship between the politics of cities and the spread of contagious diseases sheds new light on tensions between neo-Malthusian sentiments and concerns about urban sprawl and environmental degradation.","PeriodicalId":393951,"journal":{"name":"ArchRN: Environmental Impact (Sub-Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125184735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation on the Erosion Behaviour of Agro Waste Rice Husk Reinforced Polymer Composite","authors":"A. V., D. R","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3653892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3653892","url":null,"abstract":"This research addresses the erosion characteristics of agro waste rice husk filled unsaturated polyester composites and based on the results obtained its suitability for the erosion related applications discussed. In this research the composites were fabricated using hand layup method. Composites were prepared by varying the rice husk as 2 wt. %, 4 wt. %, 6 wt. %, 8 wt. %, 10 wt. % and 50 wt. % respectively. Process variable such as impingement angle (IA) 30°, 60°and 90°, impact velocity (IV) of 41, 72 and 100 m s-1, erodent discharge (ED) 2.5, 3.3 and 4 g min-1, exposure time (ET) 5, 10 and 15 min were taken to study the erosion performance on the surface of prepared composites. Statistical technique was used to analyze the erosion characteristics and also to find the optimal condition. SEM was utilized to study the erosion mechanism of the eroded agro waste rice husk filled polymer composite.","PeriodicalId":393951,"journal":{"name":"ArchRN: Environmental Impact (Sub-Topic)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132378963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}