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Herbal extracts: For green control of citrus Huanglongbing 草药提取物：用于柑桔黄龙冰的防绿

Open Agriculture Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opag-2025-0470

Li Yuning, Maosheng Zeng, Zehua Liu, Yigang Lin, Hanhong Xu

{"title":"Herbal extracts: For green control of citrus Huanglongbing","authors":"Li Yuning, Maosheng Zeng, Zehua Liu, Yigang Lin, Hanhong Xu","doi":"10.1515/opag-2025-0470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2025-0470","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Huanglongbing (HLB), caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ( C Las), poses a substantial threat to global citrus agriculture. Current management strategies (planting disease-free nursery trees, implementing effective psyllid control, and removing all symptomatic trees) are inadequate for remedying diseased trees or alleviating economic losses. Therefore, new alternative methods for HLB control are urgently needed. In this study, the ethanol extracts from four traditional Chinese medicinal herbs: Sophora japonica (SJ), Lonicera japonica Thunb. (LJT), Taraxaci herba (TH), and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG), were selected for the treatment assay of HLB. Analysis of flavonoid content revealed that SJ extract possesses the highest concentration, followed by LJT, TH, and SBG extracts. The potted studies demonstrated that all extracts reduced the C Las titers, with the SJ extract achieving the greatest significant reduction at a depletion rate of 79.05%. Field tests confirmed the remarkable efficacy of SJ extract, achieving a 99.1% reduction in C Las titers after 150 days. Physiological studies revealed that all extracts increased photosynthetic pigment concentrations, reduced starch/soluble sugar accumulation, and mitigated reactive oxygen species oxidative damage in HLB-affected plants, with SJ extract showing statistical significance relative to other treatments. Furthermore, herb extracts mitigated soil acidification, elevating pH beyond control levels, with SJ exhibiting the most prolonged effect. A comparative assessment of SJ extract and rutin, an established anti-HLB flavonoid, on HLB cure was performed, revealing no significant difference in efficacy. These findings establish SJ extract and flavonoid-rich botanicals as promising eco-friendly, environmentally sustainable alternatives for HLB management.","PeriodicalId":38549,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/opag-2025-0470/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147913350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential of ecoenzymes made from nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) leaf and pulp waste as bioinsecticides for Periplaneta americana 肉豆蔻叶和肉豆蔻渣制备的生物酶作为美洲大蠊生物杀虫剂的潜力

Open Agriculture Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opag-2022-0366

Muhammad Rijal, Surati Surati, Salma Samputri, Irmawanty Irmawanty, Corneli Pary, Azwar Abdollah, Sarty Imkari, Indrayani Sima Sima Sohilauw

{"title":"Potential of ecoenzymes made from nutmeg (<i>Myristica fragrans</i>) leaf and pulp waste as bioinsecticides for <i>Periplaneta americana</i>","authors":"Muhammad Rijal, Surati Surati, Salma Samputri, Irmawanty Irmawanty, Corneli Pary, Azwar Abdollah, Sarty Imkari, Indrayani Sima Sima Sohilauw","doi":"10.1515/opag-2022-0366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0366","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Peripllaneta americana are nocturnal animals that transmit typhoid, dysentery, and diarrhea. P. americana is frequently found in filthy environments such as markets, warehouses, and toilets. Apart from that, it is found in bedrooms, bathrooms, kitchens, wardrobes, and even food. Chemical methods have been used to remove cockroaches, but they are hazardous to both human health and the environment. The usage of ecoenzymes derived from nutmeg leaf and pulp waste has great potential as it contains bioactive compounds that can function as bioinsecticides. This research used a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern of 2 × 3 × 3 or 18 treatments, namely, the type of main ingredient ( E 1 and E 2 ), ecoenzyme concentration ( K 1 , K 2 , and K 3 ), and time after contact ( T 1 , T 2 , and T 3 ). The measuring parameter in the study was the percentage of cockroach death, which was analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Windows. The results showed that different plant waste’s ecoenzymes also have distinctive colors ( E 1 is yellowish brown and E 2 is dark brown), fresh sour smell, pH ( E 1 = 3.15 and E 2 = 3.08), temperature ( E 1 = 26.4°C and E 2 = 26.03°C), and total dissolved solids ( E 1 = 1,263 ppm and E 2 = 1,713 ppm) after fermentation. In addition, there was an effect on cockroaches due to the type of main ingredient, concentration, time after contact, and the interaction of the three on the percentage of mortality of P. americana with LC 50 and T 50 found in treatments E 2 K 2 T 2 (main ingredient of nutmeg pulp waste, 10% concentration, and time after contact 6 h) and E 2 K 3 T 1 (main ingredient of nutmeg pulp waste, 15% concentration, and time after contact 3 h), so that the resulting ecoenzyme showed positive effects as a potential bioinsecticide of P. americana .","PeriodicalId":38549,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/opag-2022-0366/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147890878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0