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The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law最新文献

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Part IV Procedural and Institutional Aspects, Ch.33 Codes of Ethics 第四部分程序和体制问题，c .33《道德守则》
The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law Pub Date : 2020-07-20 DOI: 10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0033
Manlio Frigo
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引用次数: 0
Part IV Procedural and Institutional Aspects, Ch.28 International Dispute Resolution Mechanisms 第四部分程序和体制问题，第28章国际争端解决机制
The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law Pub Date : 2020-07-20 DOI: 10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0028
M. Renold
{"title":"Part IV Procedural and Institutional Aspects, Ch.28 International Dispute Resolution Mechanisms","authors":"M. Renold","doi":"10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0028","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter studies dispute resolution mechanisms and their efficacy for resolving international disputes involving cultural heritage items. Many controversies concern the restitution of movable cultural objects lost during war, occupation, or colonization or following theft or illicit trade in peacetime. With artworks often found outside their country of origin, these cases are cross-border, involving more than one legal system and/or entities established or residing in different jurisdictions. Moreover, international disputes have arisen regarding immovable cultural heritage and its protection, not only in warlike situations and intentional attacks but also in non-violent processes such as realization of development projects. Various cases also concern management and access to built heritage. By consequence, international cultural heritage disputes can be settled through non-judicial procedures—negotiation, mediation, conciliation, or arbitration—commonly referred to as ‘Alternative Dispute Resolution’ (ADR) means; or, if these fail or are not available, through litigation before domestic courts or international tribunals.","PeriodicalId":384152,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122339471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Part IV Procedural and Institutional Aspects, Ch.30 Alternative Dispute Settlement Mechanisms 第四部分程序和体制问题，Ch.30替代性争端解决机制
The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law Pub Date : 2020-07-20 DOI: 10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0030
A. Chechi
{"title":"Part IV Procedural and Institutional Aspects, Ch.30 Alternative Dispute Settlement Mechanisms","authors":"A. Chechi","doi":"10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0030","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines existing ‘Alternative Dispute Resolution’ (ADR) options—such as negotiation, mediation, conciliation, and arbitration—with a view to assessing their efficacy in relation to cultural heritage disputes. Indeed, even a cursory consideration of the practice reveals that the vast majority of restitution claims arising in the past few decades have been settled through such means. Admittedly, this is due to the fact that ADR procedures combine important virtues. The first advantage of ADR resides in the parties’ power to tailor the settlement process according to their interests and the circumstances of the dispute. Second, private settlement is likely to be speedier and cheaper. Third, these mechanisms provide for flexibility and creativity. Fourth, since disputes are resolved out of the public eye, extra-curial resolution ensures confidentiality. Lastly, ADR entails neutrality and fairness.","PeriodicalId":384152,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132072073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Part IV Procedural and Institutional Aspects, Ch.29 The Role of Domestic Courts 第四部分程序和体制问题，第29章:国内法院的作用
The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law Pub Date : 2020-07-20 DOI: 10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0029
K. Siehr
{"title":"Part IV Procedural and Institutional Aspects, Ch.29 The Role of Domestic Courts","authors":"K. Siehr","doi":"10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0029","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the important role of local courts in art law disputes. In several cases, a foreign country as defendant has raised the defence of immunity. With respect to jurisdiction, two different kinds must be distinguished: international jurisdiction and subject matter jurisdiction. Subsequently, several questions of the applicable law may become important in art law cases. They range from the law applicable to contracts to the law applicable to succession. If foreign law has to be applied, the result of this application may be changed or modified by public policy of the forum State or, if local law is applicable, foreign mandatory rules may be considered and given effect in the forum State. There are hardly any foreign judgments which had to be enforced in local fora. Most of the cases were decided in the country where the art object or its owner were located and therefore could be enforced in the country of decision.","PeriodicalId":384152,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132732215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Part IV Procedural and Institutional Aspects, Ch.31 International Cultural Heritage Law: The Institutional Aspects 第四部分程序和体制方面，第31章国际文化遗产法:体制方面
The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law Pub Date : 2020-07-20 DOI: 10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0031
T. Scovazzi
{"title":"Part IV Procedural and Institutional Aspects, Ch.31 International Cultural Heritage Law: The Institutional Aspects","authors":"T. Scovazzi","doi":"10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0031","url":null,"abstract":"On a global basis, the protection of cultural heritage falls within the mandate of UNESCO. UNESCO has the purpose of contributing to peace and security by promoting collaboration among the nations through education, science, and culture in order to further universal respect for justice, the rule of law, human rights, and fundamental freedoms. Cooperation between the UN and UNESCO has been strengthened to face the threats posed by the practice of targeting or looting cultural properties in situations of crisis aimed at exacerbating tensions and financing illegal activities. This sheds further light on the link between culture and international peace and security. The main organs of UNESCO are the General Conference, the Executive Board, and the Secretariat. The present UNESCO normative framework for culture includes several declarations and recommendations and six so-called ‘heritage conventions’, devoted to different kinds of cultural heritage.","PeriodicalId":384152,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117030128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Part IV Procedural and Institutional Aspects, Ch.32 The Participation of Non-State Actors in the Implementation of Cultural Heritage Law 第四部分程序和体制方面，第32章非国家行为体参与实施文化遗产法
The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law Pub Date : 2020-07-20 DOI: 10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0032
Kristin Hausler
{"title":"Part IV Procedural and Institutional Aspects, Ch.32 The Participation of Non-State Actors in the Implementation of Cultural Heritage Law","authors":"Kristin Hausler","doi":"10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198859871.003.0032","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter assesses the treaty provisions allowing non-State actors to exercise their right to access and enjoy cultural heritage and also those which provide them with a seat at the cultural heritage governance table. Following developments in international human rights law, in particular with regard to Indigenous peoples, cultural heritage treaties have eventually recognised the participation of communities and groups in the management of cultural heritage. While a fully effective and inclusive participation and cooperation is far from being achieved, this chapter acknowledges the steps moving away from a strictly top-down approach within cultural heritage governance.","PeriodicalId":384152,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124168401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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