{"title":"The use of the Eriksen Flanker Task as training instrument for cognitive control in inhibition disorder","authors":"C. van Geest, H. Engelbregt","doi":"10.31739/anamh.2022.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31739/anamh.2022.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"A frequently used cognitive task to measure participants’ cognitive performance is the so-called Eriksen Flanker task (1974). This task requires a response where you have to indicate the direction of a central arrow, which is flanked with (un)corresponding arrows at its side. The Flanker task has many modified versions, adjusted to the different ways you can use the task to measure different aspects of executive cognitive functions. Such cognitive tasks, although often too simple and straightforward to represent daily life, tell us a lot about one’s executive cognitive functioning. Executive functions are very important for human behavior because they help us to engage with our surroundings and to participate in society. Problems of inhibition may have neural causes and may lead to negative behavioral consequences. Inhibitory problems can be determined by the Flanker task which might also be useful to practice cognitive control in individuals suffering from inhibitory disorders.","PeriodicalId":375240,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuroscience And Mental Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132913451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"he effects of neurofeedback on attention and sleep in individuals with and without ADHD or insomnia: a literature review","authors":"Annel Koomen, D. Keeser, Verhagen Sonja","doi":"10.31739/anamh.2021.1.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31739/anamh.2021.1.30","url":null,"abstract":"Electroencephalography-Neurofeedbacktraining (E-NFT) is a method to support subjects in learning to self-regulate their own brain activity. Besides that E-NFT may improve cognitive functions in healthy people, it may improve symptoms in different disorders, such as Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and insomnia. The evidence of E-NFT for the treatment of attention problems in ADHD is still under debate just as the suggested efficacy of E-NFT for reducing sleep problems in individuals suffering from insomnia and for improving attention and sleep in the general population. Therefore, this review examines the efficacy of E-NFT on attention and sleep in patients and healthy individuals. The reviewed literature provides evidence that standard E-NFT protocols may have a positive long-lasting effect on the inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms in children with ADHD. In healthy children and young adults, E-NFT has been found to improve different aspects of attention and to reduce impulsivity. In addition, positive effects of E-NFT have been documented on sleep onset latency and on tiredness in healthy individuals. Sleep improvements have also been found in insomnia patients after standard E-NFT, although these subjective sleep improvements may likely depend on unspecific E-NFT training effects.","PeriodicalId":375240,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuroscience And Mental Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124741227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}