Clinical Microbiology and Research最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of an Epidemiological Anomaly of COVID-19: Transcultural and Immunological Psychiatry","authors":"J. Pandarakalam","doi":"10.31487/J.CMR.2021.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/J.CMR.2021.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence exists for an epidemiological trend of transmission concentrations of COVID-19 within migrant\u0000communities from tropical weather conditions. Minority groups are over-represented in hospitalisations and\u0000deaths from the virus, and it appears that the observed anomaly may be due to multifactorial causes.\u0000Underactive immune responses in cooler temperatures and diminished synthesis of vitamin D, both of which\u0000are associated with genetic factors among ethnic minority groups, could help to explain the higher incidence\u0000of COVID-19 among ethnic minority communities. Neither factor is specific to a migrant community but\u0000common to general populations. The overstatement of contributory genetic factors runs the risk of racial\u0000stigmatisation. If environmental factors are given their due importance, individuals belonging to ethnic\u0000minorities may try to adopt new ways to combat the pandemic, while overemphasising racial factors would\u0000only leave them helpless. The renewed interest of psychiatrists in immunology would support the emerging\u0000field of immunopsychiatry. COVID-19 is environmentally sensitive, and all medical specialities, including\u0000the mental health profession, should contribute their wisdom to defeating or making a truce with the viral\u0000phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":364792,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125994903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated Level of Serum Vitamin D Reduce the Chance of Latent Genital Tuberculosis","authors":"Abira Datta, B. Bhattacharya, R. Chowdhury, S. Chatterjee, S. Chowdhury","doi":"10.31487/j.cmr.2019.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.cmr.2019.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To explore the possibility of risk factor between latent genital tuberculosis with association of low\u0000secretion anti-mullerian hormone(AMH) and low level of Vitamin D for infertility.\u0000Design: Retrospective study was done in the reproductive medicine unit of Calcutta Fertility Mission,\u0000Kolkata-700019, and India\u0000Result: From January 2017 to January 2019, total 150 Subjects (n= 75 TB-PCR positive and n=75 TB-PCR\u0000negative cases as control) were included in this study on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. We\u0000have found that mean value of AMH and Vitamin D were higher in PCR negative group than positive group.\u0000Various level of AMH and Vitamin D concentration for PCR positive and negative cases were statistically\u0000significant (p-value < 0.01).\u0000Conclusion: Our finding is that vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent not only in active tuberculosis but\u0000also in latent genital tuberculosis subjects and serum Vitamin D level may help in treatment of latent genital\u0000tuberculosis. Elevated level of Vitamin D in serum may rule out latent tuberculosis.","PeriodicalId":364792,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131345488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Microbial and Anti-Cancer Properties of Tat-IV13, A Hybrid Bi-Partite Peptide Containing The Short Non Active Iv13 Sequence of Human Ll37 Cathelecidin","authors":"Alphonse Garcia, B. Périchon","doi":"10.31487/j.cmr.2019.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.cmr.2019.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Therapeutic strategies based on optimization of the unique human LL37 cathelecin sequences including FK16, the core active sequence of LL37, have already been proposed. In this study we have characterized TatIV13 a new host defense hybrid peptide, that combined YGRRKKRRQRRR, the hydrophobic N-terminal\u0000fragment of HIV-1 Tat47-57 cell penetrating sequence, with IV13, a short IVQRIKDFLRNLV inactive\u0000sequence resulting from the deletion of the three N-terminal amino acid residues of FK16. Tat- IV13\u0000displayed potent host defense inhibitory effects leading both to the survival inhibition of U87G cells, a\u0000glioblastoma model, and to the inhibition of the growth of S. agalactiae NEM316 ΔdltA strain, a Gram+\u0000bacterial model. These results suggest that identification of hybrid specific Tat-cathelecidin peptides with\u0000high anti-tumor activity and anti-bactericidal activity may represent a powerful approach to identify new\u0000candidates for future therapeutic developments.\u0000","PeriodicalId":364792,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114590599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predisposing Factors to HBV Among Pregnant Women Attending Some Hospitals in Suburbs of Kano, Nigeria","authors":"O. A. Abulude, Farouk Umar Sadisu, Ismai’la Ahmed","doi":"10.31487/j.cmr.2019.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.cmr.2019.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B virus (HBV) when transmitted vertically can be severe on neonates and life threatening. Among\u0000others, risk factors for HBV include unprotected sex, needle-stick injuries and blood transfusion. The study\u0000was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of HBV markers and associated risk factors among one\u0000hundred and sixty consenting pregnant women attending some hospitals in Kano, Nigeria. Using enzymelinked immunoassay, sera were screened for HBV sero-markers and structured questionnaires were\u0000administered to obtain sociodemographic data and possible predisposing factors to HBV infection. Of the\u0000five HBV markers known, participants tested positive for four, which include HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAb and\u0000HBcAb. All were seronegative for HBeAg. Ninety three percent (93.1%) tested positive for at least one\u0000HBV marker and 6.9% were seronegative for all markers. Among those that tested positive for HBsAg,\u000054.5% (p=0.33) were housewives, 36.4% (p=0.53) had only primary school education, 72.7% (p=0.14) were\u0000middle-class, none had previous knowledge of HBV infection and its mode of transmission, 54.5% (p=0.14)\u0000regularly shares sharp objects, 45.5% (p=0.37) had ear or nose piercing, and 9.1% (p=0.01) regularly shares\u0000towel and underwear. A large percentage of the study group had history of the infection while only 1.3% of\u0000the subjects were vaccinated. Sociodemographic background of the participants, low vaccination coverage\u0000and certain risk factors like the sharing of unsterilized sharp objects seem to aid the moderately high\u0000prevalence of HBV in this study. The study also revealed that the risk of mother-to-child HBV transmission\u0000is low in the study area and that incomplete vaccination may not confer artificial immunity against HBV\u0000infection.\u0000","PeriodicalId":364792,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134286722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Extracts of Coprinopsis Cinerea, A Coprophilous Fungus Against Multidrug Resistant Nosocomial Pathogens","authors":"J. Savitha, S. Mohankumar","doi":"10.31487/j.cmr.2019.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.cmr.2019.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Our study explored Coprinopsis cinerea (C2), a coprophilous basidiomycetous fungus isolated from horse dung to combat beta-lactamase and carbapenamase producing multidrug resistant nosocomial pathogens in vitro. The isolated strain was cultivated under sub-merged fermentation (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) for 10 days at 30°C and at pH 6 in dark. After the growth period, the extracellular metabolites were extracted using polar and non-polar solvents and the extracts were subjected for antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion, microbroth dilution and time-kill kinetics assay. The methanolic extract of fruit bodies and mycelial biomass of C. cinerea (C2) grown under wheat flour agar and wheat flour broth respectively, showed significant antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and carbapenamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae with a zone of inhibition ranging between 10 and 14 mm in diameter. On the contrary, ethyl acetate seems to be the effective solvent for extraction of antimicrobial compounds from culture filtrate of Smf and SSF grown C. cinerea (C2). Among the solid substrates (agrowaste materials), wheat bran supported maximum growth and antimicrobial metabolite production with a significant zone of inhibition ranging between 20 and 22 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of ethyl acetate extract of C. cinerea (C2) culture filtrate was 3.12-12.5 mg/mL and 6.25-25 mg/mL, respectively. The time-kill kinetics assay showed the extracted metabolites of culture filtrate was bactericidal in nature.","PeriodicalId":364792,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120980884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABO, H, Lewis and Secretor histo-blood group-like carbohydrates in pathogenic and non-pathogenic invertebrates","authors":"C. C. B. Mattos, L. C. Mattos, M. P. Miola","doi":"10.31487/j.cmr.2018.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.cmr.2018.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"ABO, H, Lewis, and Secretor histo-blood group systems express a repertoire of carbohydrate antigens in human hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic tissues. The oligosaccharide components of these systems are widely distributed in nature, including animal and plants. A set of reports demonstrated that pathogenic and non-pathogenic invertebrates are able to synthesize and or acquire histo-blood group-like carbohydrates from hosts. These abilities seem to be related to strategies for cell invasion as well as scape from host’s innate and adaptive immune responses. This text revised the literature and offers a tentative explanation for the presence of histo-blood group-like carbohydrates in pathogenic and non-pathogenic invertebrates and its importance in terms of evolution.","PeriodicalId":364792,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116456936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"p53 Binding Loci Database (p53BLD): a repository for the genome-wide binding loci of human TP53","authors":"Jer-Wei Chang, H. Liaw, Wei-Sheng Wu, Yu-Han Chu, Yu-Xuan Jiang","doi":"10.31487/J.CMR.2018.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/J.CMR.2018.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background Recent advances in ChIP-seq technologies have led to the identification of thousands of TP53 binding loci in various cell types, providing unmatched opportunities for analysis and comparison of the TP53 genome-wide binding patterns under different experimental conditions. These ChIP-seq datasets provide valuable resources for studying the function of TP53. However, there are currently no databases available for easily comparing and analyzing TP53 genome-wide binding patterns derived from different cell lines. Moreover, the TP53 ChIP-seq datasets are scattered among different papers, so extensive work is required to collect and process them for further analysis. \u0000Description To solve these problems, we comprehensively collected 13 publicly available TP53 ChIP-seq datasets derived from various cell lines. We re-mapped these 13 ChIP-seq datasets to the most updated reference human genome hg38 and identified the binding peaks (regions with significant enrichment of TP53 binding) and the target genes of TP53 in the human genome using the same data processing pipeline. Note that processing these 13 ChIP-seq datasets using the same pipeline is very crucial because it makes comparing the identified peaks and target genes of TP53 from different datasets possible. Finally, we developed a web-based platform (called the p53BLD), which provides a browse mode to visualize the binding loci of TP53 in the genome and a search mode to retrieve genes whose promoters are bound by TP53. The search mode is very powerful. Users can apply union, intersect, and/or difference operations on the 13 ChIP-seq datasets to generate a list of TP53 binding target genes that satisfies the users’ specifications. The generated gene list can then be downloaded for further analysis. Therefore, the p53BLD can also be regarded as a discovery tool that helps users to generate interesting gene lists for studying TP53.\u0000Conclusions Here we presented the first p53 Binding Loci Database (p53BLD). In the case study, we showed that using p53BLD can identify novel TP53 binding targets (KAT6A and KMT2A) in specific cancer cell lines. We believe that p53BLD is a useful resource for studying the function of TP53 in different cancer cell lines. P53BLD is available online at link1/, link2/, or link3/","PeriodicalId":364792,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124421352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}