Linguistica Fundamentalis最新文献

{"title":"What is a skrepny (staple`s) analysis – on the example of the story "Netochka Nezvanova" as an unbalanced text in Dostoevsky's idiostyle (as well as "Poor people" and "White nights" as texts with insufficiently expressed authorhip)","authors":"Mihail Mikheev","doi":"10.18254/s294939000025733-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s294939000025733-5","url":null,"abstract":"The article contains such well-known facts that Dostoevsky's stories "Netochka Nezvanova", "Poor People" and "White Nights" are deviations from the author's style, confirmed by statistical indicators of the use of small words in them, i.e. conjunctions, particles, discursive and introductory words, which are collectively referred to as staples. Because of this, the method we use can be called skrepny (staple’s) analysis. In total, there are 883 such units, according to the frequencies of which the authors differ, they are counted, on the one hand, in the analyzed text X, and on the other, in the corpus of all other texts, both the title text and any authors available in our database: now there are about 70 different authors in total XIX-XX centuries (or 77 different idiosyncrasies), and - 917 of their texts. The main indicator is the total deviations: the sum of the absolute values of the differences between the frequencies of the use of staples in the analyzed text and – the average values of their frequencies in other texts of the same or some other author. At the same time, we record the following two phases of the "loss" of authorship: at the 1st phase, text X loses a sufficient gap in the indicators of the total frequency deviations of all staples in the text of the titular author – a gap with the first or closest of all competitors-applicants for authorship – when such a gap is leveled and becomes approximately equal to the gaps (differences in deviations from the idiostyle of the analyzed text) between all other author's idiostyles, becoming almost indistinguishable from them: it is with such texts that the stories "Poor People", "White Nights", "Crocodile" and "Mr. Prokharchin" by Dostoevsky show themselves, and at the 2nd phase, deviations from the idiosyncrasy of the analyzed text of someone (or several of the competitors at once) become even smaller than the deviations of the titular author himself, i.e. the gap becomes negative: thus, the chances of "authorship" no longer appear in the real author, but in someone else or immediately several of these competing authors - as in the case of the leading titular author of "Netochka Nezvanova" (in terms of the total frequency deviations in all staples) at once have 6 idiostyles – prose A.Panaeva, N.Pomyalovsky, Turgenev, Gogol, L.Tolstoy and V.Garshin.","PeriodicalId":362175,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Fundamentalis","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135801622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communicative tact and its components","authors":"Alexej Kretov","doi":"10.18254/s294939000025627-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s294939000025627-9","url":null,"abstract":"The term communicative tact reveals the bifunctional essence of language – information is transmitted in two steps: the speaker encodes it with language, and the listener decodes it with language. A strong share of the communicative tact consists in the linguization and objectification of the speaker's thoughts in the text, and a weak share is in segmentation, dissection and dissociation of the text to the listener. Following Vygotsky, idea1 is distinguished as a process of imaginative thinking by concepts and idea2 as a process of verbal thinking. The first part of the strong lobe is the speaker's process of translating idea1 into idea3 (inner speech). The second part of the communicative tact is the objectification of idea3 into idea2, embodied in the text (air vibrations unfolding in time (cf. the Saussure’s linearity of the linguistic sign). The text connects the speaker with the listener. The distribution of the text by the listener consists in segmenting the text into signifying signs and in the transition from signifiers to signified. The process of decoupling a message consists in turning a idea3 (internal speech) into a idea1 (concept), which is moved to permanent memory and stored in it.","PeriodicalId":362175,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Fundamentalis","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124472093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotions in speech influence: a new key to the problem","authors":"E. Borisova","doi":"10.18254/s294939000025658-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s294939000025658-3","url":null,"abstract":"The monography is analyzing that concerns the attempts of the author – as a result of many years of investigations in computational Linguistics and Artificial Intelligence – to formalize the processes of the Verbal Influence in communication. The review includes both theoretical and practice aspects of the description given by the author. The monography is regarded as the important input into the investigations in perlocutive linguistics.","PeriodicalId":362175,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Fundamentalis","volume":"294 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123179133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connotations: a fragment of lexical meaning, its place in the model of language activity","authors":"E. Borisova","doi":"10.18254/s294939000025412-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s294939000025412-3","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the article is the notion of the so called connotations, that are determined as complementary fragments of lexical meanings. The article revealis the place of these units in the model of language aimed to reflect the speech activity (‘activity model of language’). Though the notion of connotations is rather common now there are difficulties with putting this notion in language models that are aimed to reflect the kernel of the lexical meaning: denotative or significative type. The amount of the phenomena varies in various theories: the evaluative and emotive information are called connotations by the majority of the linguists. While some other phenomena: associations, expressivity, registers of speech – are called connotations only by several researches. The most complicated problem is the specifics of connotational fragments and its difference from the denotative and significative fragments of meanings. The article analyses several types of connotations and describes some features of the models of language that can incorporate such notion as connotations.","PeriodicalId":362175,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Fundamentalis","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129290975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On factors contributing to the preservation of languages and accelerating their disappearance","authors":"V. Alpatov","doi":"10.18254/s294939000025596-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s294939000025596-5","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the conditions for the preservation of languages of small nationalities. The factors leading to the disappearance of the language are listed, mainly associated with a decrease in the number of speakers, increased contacts, moreover, with more common and therefore prestigious languages, as well as with the language policy of the authorities. Among the factors contributing to the preservation of languages, an insignificant number of contacts, national identity and, again, language policy are named. It is noted that, as a rule, factors can interact, both strengthening and weakening the process. These observations allow us to draw conclusions about the measures necessary to preserve the languages of small peoples.","PeriodicalId":362175,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Fundamentalis","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128760544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Onomatopoetic words – between speech and language","authors":"I. Sharonov","doi":"10.18254/s294939000025615-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s294939000025615-6","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the class of onomatopoetic interjections in Russian (e.g. miau-miau, bats, chpock and so on). Their primary function is to represent sound imitations. Some of them can also function as predicates and as metatekst words. There are few classifications of Russian onomatopoetic words. In one of them these words should be classified according to the level of their conventional status, relevant to translation purposes (Vlakhov, 1980). On the one end of the conventional scale words are highly conventional, language specific and translatable (gav-gav, tik-tak). On the other end of the scale there are nonconventional words, iconically depicting the sound itself. One more classification tends to divide these words as depicting acoustic events / non-depicting acoustic events, but indicating actions and demonstrating emotional effect of suddenness (Sharonov, 2010; Kanerva, 2018). The special attention in the article is devoted to the analysis of three groups of words which have not been considered precisely by Russian linguists. One group serves to interpret musical sounds, one more group serves to interpret chats, assess somebody’s words as bullshits (bla-bla, traly-valy and so on). And the last one contains onomatopoetic euphemisms of swear words.","PeriodicalId":362175,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Fundamentalis","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121194467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oriental Readings 2021. Language Models, Combinability and Grammar. In Memory of Z. Shalyapina (1946-2020)","authors":"Alexey Zverev","doi":"10.18254/s294939000025629-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s294939000025629-1","url":null,"abstract":"The review covers the proceedings of the conference on the languages of Asia and Africa held at the Institute of Oriental Studies on 14-15.04.2021, dedicated to the memory of Z. Shalyapina (1946-2020).","PeriodicalId":362175,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Fundamentalis","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125000033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}