Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s最新文献

Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0007

D. Pike

{"title":"How to Survive the ’80s","authors":"D. Pike","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"The original bunker fantasy had hinged around the Cuban Missile Crisis; its reemergence nearly two decades later was triggered by several new circumstances. By 1980, the threat of non-wartime nuclear accident had come to the forefront of the public imaginary in a newly immediate way. Ronald Reagan was elected president on a hardline stance towards the Soviet Union, escalating the Cold War to its hottest and most polarized moments since 1962. The nuclear condition now meant more than the omnipresent yet abstract risk of devastating war; by the early 1980s, it included the everyday fact of the infrastructure of electrical power, which became a focus of the antinuclear movement as it crystallized widespread suspicion over the military-industrial complex. The end still served to put the world in focus, but there was no longer any shelter to retreat to, rely upon, or even plead for; the bunker fantasy around 1983 afforded survival only by looking death in the face and protesting against it. Yet for all its stress on the linearity of survival, the fiction of the nuclear 1980s finds utopian moments in the brief opportunities it affords for thinking laterally, beyond or around the blinkered causality that had the world locked into an infinite play of near-annihilation inherited from 1962. In their very extremity, the self-regarding conventions of the ’80s open up their own critical perspective through the earlier Cold War onto the decade’s new survivalism.","PeriodicalId":361107,"journal":{"name":"Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130256792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

We’ll All Go Together When We Go 当我们走的时候，我们会一起走

Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0005

D. Pike

引用次数: 0

Back to the Cave 回到洞穴

Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0003

D. Pike

{"title":"Back to the Cave","authors":"D. Pike","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"While the individual fallout shelter provided a new space for imagining the family unit in the context of broader social forces, the cave shelter stressed the animal nature of modern man. Whether fighting for survival in a savage postnuclear world, evolving into a new species, or devolving into animal behavior, the inhabitants of cave shelters display a feral identity. The cave has long carried this resonance regardless of whether composed of natural formations, human or machine-excavated tunnels and mines, or some combination of the two. As a postwar bunker space, the cave’s particular affordances are non-technologized shelter, an exposed passage to the outside world, and the animal survival of the dominant individual. Sometimes, we find a reduced and childless family unit, generally the male and his mate or mates; at others a lone wolf hidden from and pitted against a hostile world. In the cave, any remaining social structure is troped as animalistic or otherwise non-human and often a threat to the surviving individuals. The cave-space presumes not the home shelter’s projection of a strong and paternalistic government but the Hobbesian specter of the loss of any kind of humane community, homo homini lupus, the bunkered mentality that would eventually emerge in the 1980s as survivalism.","PeriodicalId":361107,"journal":{"name":"Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123478027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nuclear Realism 核的现实主义

Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0009

D. Pike

{"title":"Nuclear Realism","authors":"D. Pike","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"The forms collected here as “nuclear realism” seek ways to imagine what everyday life in the ontological bunker of the ’80s created by the nuclear age would look like if stripped of the ideological obfuscations of the nuclear imaginary of the Cold War. This chapter explores the tensions of survival in near-future speculations about life during wartime imagined through realist, often oppositional modes of writing and filmmaking. There are three sections: the first examines the melancholy and liberatory workings of memory in dramas of nuclear war created in the realist mode; the second studies the related forms of nuclear satire; the third looks at pop music’s reaction to the nuclear condition. In all forms of nuclear realism in the ’80s, the shelter and accompanying bunker fantasy play small but emblematic and always ultimately futile roles within the broader social world they both partake of and split apart. Despite their adherence to reality effects and avoidance of overt fabrication, the anti-bunker fantasies of nuclear realism are as “fantastic” and stylized in their own way as the survivalist scenarios discussed in Chapter 7. Each form affords to the present different arguments about the basis of society: fellowship and community or neo-barbarian Hobbesianism. Even the most defeatist form of the bunker fantasy uses doomsday to argue political philosophy: when the bombs drop, we’ll finally discover once and for all who was right about human nature and American democracy.","PeriodicalId":361107,"journal":{"name":"Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127790730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Feminist Bunker Fantasies 女权主义者的地堡幻想

Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0010

D. Pike

{"title":"Feminist Bunker Fantasies","authors":"D. Pike","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Feminist science fiction emerged during the late 1970s as a creative and political force, with the nuclear condition as a core element of this new form and its new approach to science fiction. Despite the full awareness and acknowledgment of the horrors underpinning the postapocalyptic world, this body of work as a whole is hopeful and open to the future in ways that most other 1980s bunker fantasies were not. These are not only survivors’ songs, in other words; they are critical engagements with the complexity of historical change that refunctioned the spaces of the Cold War into new configurations. One of the primary, and often the only, positively bunkered spaces in the texts themselves during this period were the analogous forms of language, storytelling, words, and writing. While the positive, enabling bunker potentials of language—and the stultifying effects of its loss—remain a constant theme through this period, the changing representations of physical spaces in relation to language fall into roughly three periods, analogous to political changes in the cultural perception of nuclear threat. The sheltering power of language remains a constant throughout, as do the spatial association of the fallout shelter with masculine social structures and the nuclear condition, along with the central problematic of reproduction and reproductive futurism in relation to survival in a post-holocaust world; however, writers’ treatment of these themes changes.","PeriodicalId":361107,"journal":{"name":"Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125414562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mountain Deep 山深

Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0006

D. Pike

{"title":"Mountain Deep","authors":"D. Pike","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Combining the resources and technical know-how of the private shelter with the pretense to social good of government sponsorship, the federal supershelter encapsulates the paradoxically public-private function of the bunker. Appropriated to ensure continuity of government in the event of a nuclear war, the funds, labor, and raw materials poured into these facilities are as real as can be. At the same time, of all permutations of the bunker space, the government supershelter continues to coalesce around it the more fantastic reveries both of those who know about it directly and of those who only imagine its existence. Since the end of the Cold War, many facilities have been sold, adapted, or abandoned; others continue to serve their military function, some secret and others public. The Cold War supershelter insinuated the advanced technology of modernity into the spaces of ancient myth, creating the form of an “ontological bunker,” a new state of being adequate to the life under the nuclear condition. In this imaginary, the most incomprehensibly and unpredictably destructive force of modern technology, deep mistrust of the government, and enduring fascination with its secret bunkered resources are rendered representable and conscionable by burying them within some of the most ancient spaces of that same world.","PeriodicalId":361107,"journal":{"name":"Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s","volume":"9 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125891547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Private Supershelter 私人超级收容所

Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0004

D. Pike

{"title":"The Private Supershelter","authors":"D. Pike","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"The private supershelter as a space proposes an artificial environment sufficiently palatial, high-tech, and heavily fortified to render permanent underground living worthwhile despite the constraints and hardship entailed by the separation from nature. The supershelter permutation of the bunker fantasy mostly appears in satirical and critical form rather than as an affirmative space. We find this fantasy of an alternate space of power explored more realistically in Philip Wylie’s ironic 1963 novel Triumph, and in full-fledged fantasy mode in the myriad underground high-tech strongholds of Silver Age comic heroes and of a few villains who choose pure modernity over cave-bound strongholds masking villainous technology. In its capacious size and design, the supershelter affords a utopian promise of survival on favorable terms. Necessary in the American context to insulate the owners from any charge of communism, the private origins of the shelter equally militate against any equitable terms of survival. Unlike the cave shelterer, the master of the supershelter is civilized and technologically advanced; however, he (nearly always) also remains inevitably an isolated elitist, apart from the dying world around him.","PeriodicalId":361107,"journal":{"name":"Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132734798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In the Basement 在地下室

Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0002

D. Pike

引用次数: 0

Men’s Action Fictions 男人的动作小说

Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0008

D. Pike

{"title":"Men’s Action Fictions","authors":"D. Pike","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"No genre explored the escapist lure of apocalypse more fully than the new pulp genre of men’s action fiction, where the 1960s-style fallout shelter serves as a measure of the faith of the hero in the structure of government and authority and the society it underpins. The more elaborate the shelter and the accoutrements of survival that surround it, the more likely is nuclear war to have been a good war. For rightwing writers, the distinct probability of urban apocalypse afforded a new political equation for the 1980s: eliminating the densely packed blue-state populations, especially on the coasts, was a quick way to imagine changing the electoral balance. Nevertheless, men’s action fiction takes pains to frame its heroes’ choices in rational rather than ideological terms. The heroic protagonists recognizably follow in the hard-boiled noir tradition of antisocial guardians of society in a fallen world threatened by criminal nihilists from the right and ineffectual liberals from the left. The bunker fantasies of men’s action fiction, in the dialectic they stage between survival and survivalism, posit in pulp form the hard questions that had plagued policymakers since Harry Truman first made the decision to use the bomb. That their cartoonishly excessive qualities neatly mirror the extreme rhetoric of the Cold Warriors in the Reagan White House should also remind us that the contradictory impulses they so exuberantly narrativize remain deeply rooted in the contradictions of American identity and American history.","PeriodicalId":361107,"journal":{"name":"Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115608736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conclusion 结论

Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0011

D. Pike

{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"D. Pike","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846167.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"The world after 1989 was not necessarily less likely to suffer cataclysmic destruction; however, the imagination of that destruction had moved to new hopes and fears. These new sites of imagination were not only filtered through and generated from the half century of nuclearity that had preceded them; they dwelt in its physical and fictional ruins. Far from receding into the past along with the Cold War that birthed it, the affordances of nuclear apocalypse have proliferated in the new millennium. And as their atomic origins continue to mutate, the process appears less as novelty or aberration than as an everyday matter of course. Dwelling in a permanently bunkered and postapocalyptic condition affords several insights that clinging to the fantasy of a preapocalyptic way of life surviving under the nuclear condition does not afford. Recognized as ontological, the bunker fantasy ceases to operate exclusively as a powerful tool for legitimating surveillance, separation barriers, and enclosure in the name of enhanced security. It can also help to understand the spatio-cultural history of the security imaginary that makes these measures welcome to some, tolerable to some, and abhorrent to others. It enables us to recognize apocalypse not solely as the cataclysmic, unique, and always deferred rupture in time that a nuclear war surely would be, but as an ongoing historical condition always affecting a certain—and substantial—number of individuals and groups within unequal societies, affecting them unequally, and affecting them in intersecting but not always commensurate ways.","PeriodicalId":361107,"journal":{"name":"Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123161731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0