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Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System最新文献

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Drivetrain analysis for reliable design 动力传动系统的可靠设计分析
Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1049/pbpo125g_ch4
Zhiwei Zhang, Yi Guo, C. K. Baker
{"title":"Drivetrain analysis for reliable design","authors":"Zhiwei Zhang, Yi Guo, C. K. Baker","doi":"10.1049/pbpo125g_ch4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpo125g_ch4","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter described common design practices for the wind-turbine gearboxes and main bearings, along with modelling and simulation techniques employed to support and evaluate the development process. These design criteria and requirements are based on several major failure modes for gears and bearings. However, not all of the failure modes are understood well enough to be included in the design standards primarily because of the complexity of the modelling and loading conditions. Drivetrain modelling for design was discussed, and most of the modelling tools used in design are static in nature.","PeriodicalId":360951,"journal":{"name":"Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116737258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Grid modeling with wind plants 风力发电厂的网格建模
Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1049/pbpo125g_ch9
N. Miller
{"title":"Grid modeling with wind plants","authors":"N. Miller","doi":"10.1049/pbpo125g_ch9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpo125g_ch9","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we describe how the regional grid is modeled for wind integration and provide insight into the effect of large, utility-scale wind plants, for example, on systems with high penetration.","PeriodicalId":360951,"journal":{"name":"Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System","volume":"11 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131648389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rotor design and analysis 转子设计与分析
Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1049/pbpo125g_ch3
C. Bottasso, P. Bortolotti
{"title":"Rotor design and analysis","authors":"C. Bottasso, P. Bortolotti","doi":"10.1049/pbpo125g_ch3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpo125g_ch3","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents models and methods for the automated design optimization of wind turbine rotors, possibly with a somewhat skewed view toward the approaches developed by the authors. This discipline is relatively new and is expected to quickly evolve in the years to come, spurred by a need to support ever more challenging designs. The material presented in this chapter is intimately related with Chapter 7 on systems engineering. Indeed, the design of the rotor is strictly connected with the overall design of the machine and of its various components","PeriodicalId":360951,"journal":{"name":"Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115061104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Systems engineering and optimization of wind turbines and power plants 风力涡轮机和发电厂的系统工程和优化
Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1049/pbpo125g_ch7
A. Ning, K. Dykes, J. Quick
{"title":"Systems engineering and optimization of wind turbines and power plants","authors":"A. Ning, K. Dykes, J. Quick","doi":"10.1049/pbpo125g_ch7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpo125g_ch7","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, wind turbine optimization has been demonstrated as an effective approach to exploring complex design decisions. However, it is not a push-button solution and effective use requires a multidisciplinary design team and expertise in optimization algorithms. Common techniques include using reduced-order models for computationally intensive portions of the analysis, taking advantage of gradients to solve large problems, and more recently to include UQ to allow for robust design decisions. Current efforts continue to push for increased model fidelity, more comprehensive disciplinary coverage, and incorporation of uncertainty","PeriodicalId":360951,"journal":{"name":"Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130301700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Wind plant electrical systems: electrical generation, machines, power electronics, and collector systems 风力发电厂电气系统:发电、机械、电力电子和集热器系统
Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1049/pbpo125g_ch8
E. Muljadi, R. Nelms, V. Gevorgian
{"title":"Wind plant electrical systems: electrical generation, machines, power electronics, and collector systems","authors":"E. Muljadi, R. Nelms, V. Gevorgian","doi":"10.1049/pbpo125g_ch8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpo125g_ch8","url":null,"abstract":"One of the earliest nonanimal sources of power used by man was the wind turbine. Wind turbines have been in documented use for more than 1,000 years. The earliest wind-turbine designs were extremely simple; turbines were allowed to rotate at a rate proportional to the velocity of the wind. They were used to pump water, grind grain, cut lumber, and perform a myriad of other tasks. For these purposes, varying speed seldom impacted the effectiveness of the windmill enough to justify the complications of closely controlling rotational speed. Allowing the machines to run at variable speed was in fact highly advantageous as it greatly increased the total energy that could be extracted from the wind.","PeriodicalId":360951,"journal":{"name":"Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128712821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Offshore turbines with bottom-fixed or floating substructures 具有底部固定或浮动子结构的海上涡轮机
Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1049/pbpo125g_ch5
D. Matha, F. Lemmer, M. Muskulus
{"title":"Offshore turbines with bottom-fixed or floating substructures","authors":"D. Matha, F. Lemmer, M. Muskulus","doi":"10.1049/pbpo125g_ch5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpo125g_ch5","url":null,"abstract":"Wind turbines have been applied offshore since 1991, when the first offshore wind farm in Vindeby, Denmark was commissioned. According to GEWEC, by the end of 2018, about 23,140 MW of cumulative offshore wind capacity has been installed, with the majority installed in the United Kingdom (7.96 GW), Germany (6.38 GW), and China (4.59 GW). Recent auctions in Europe with subsidy-free winning bids mean that offshore wind can be produced economically at a market price, making offshore wind one of the most economic sources of renewable energy, and it is expected that the capacity will grow to 100-120 GW by 2030.","PeriodicalId":360951,"journal":{"name":"Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121928662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Back Matter 回到问题
Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1049/pbpo125g_bm
{"title":"Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1049/pbpo125g_bm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpo125g_bm","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":360951,"journal":{"name":"Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133516387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Aerodynamics: turning wind into mechanical motion 空气动力学:将风转化为机械运动
Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1049/pbpo125g_ch1
M. O. Hansen
{"title":"Aerodynamics: turning wind into mechanical motion","authors":"M. O. Hansen","doi":"10.1049/pbpo125g_ch1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpo125g_ch1","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of a wind turbine is to transform the kinetic energy in the wind into electrical power. The kinetic energy per time (power) that passes an area, A, perpendicular to the wind velocity and the available aerodynamic efficiency is thus naturally defined as the fraction of the actual produced power to the available power in the so-called power coefficient. To remove kinetic energy from the wind, it is necessary to design a rotor that produces an upstream force, denoted by the thrust T, which reduces the wind speed behind the rotor, as sketched in Figure 1.1. The wind speed through the rotor is gradually reduced from far upstream, Vo, to, u, at the rotor plane and finally to u 1 in the wake. Due to conservation of mass, the streamlines that divide the airflow going through the rotor from the one passing are expanding as shown in Figure 1.1. In order to transform the extracted power into useful work and not simply dissipate it into internal heat, a mechanical torque should also be produced by the rotor as input to the shaft of an electrical generator. Figure 1.2 shows how the aerodynamic loads produce a normal load on the blades to reduce the wind speed and at the same time a tangential load to drive a generator.","PeriodicalId":360951,"journal":{"name":"Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131533350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wind turbine aero-servo-elasticity and dynamics 风力涡轮机气动伺服弹性与动力学
Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1049/pbpo125g_ch2
M. Hansen
{"title":"Wind turbine aero-servo-elasticity and dynamics","authors":"M. Hansen","doi":"10.1049/pbpo125g_ch2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpo125g_ch2","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we cover the derivation of aero-servo-elastic models of wind turbines, the modal dynamics of two- and three -bladed turbines, and the aeroelastic stability of their operational states. Knowledge of the modal properties and the aeroelastic stability limits are fundamental requirements for a good turbine design without resonance and self-induced vibrations.","PeriodicalId":360951,"journal":{"name":"Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127709099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wind turbine control design 风力机控制设计
Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1049/pbpo125g_ch6
A. Wright, P. Fleming, A. Scholbrock, K. Johnson, L. Pao, J. Wingerden
{"title":"Wind turbine control design","authors":"A. Wright, P. Fleming, A. Scholbrock, K. Johnson, L. Pao, J. Wingerden","doi":"10.1049/pbpo125g_ch6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpo125g_ch6","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, the author introduced wind turbine control, discussing sensors and actuators, operating regions, and the operational controller loops. The author then described the different levels of models needed in the controller development process, emphasizing that the models needed for control design are a simplification of the detailed models used in control simulation testing. Scripts used in conjunction with MATLAB are used to synthesize the controller, and detailed models are used for controller simulations. We described the design of the basic operational controller based on simplified models, including the generator torque controller for optimizing energy capture, and the blade pitch controller for regulating turbine speed (or power). The author described how to account for the effects of turbine nonlinearities and actuator dynamics and saturation. We then gave an overview of modern state-space control design methods, which are useful when designing a controller to meet multiple control objectives. The author also described a variety of advanced multivariable control methods. The author gave an overview of the use of advanced sensors (such as lidar sensors for upwind wind-speed measurements) and actuators (outboard blade aerodynamic devices used in \"smart\" blade technology). The use of individual blade pitch, although not considered an advanced actuator, was also described. The author concluded with some special control issues for offshore floating systems.","PeriodicalId":360951,"journal":{"name":"Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation - Volume 2: Turbine and System","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126693978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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