{"title":"Introductory Chapter: B-Cells","authors":"M. Aribi","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90636","url":null,"abstract":"system, but, paradoxically, they can also promote the persistence of many cancers and various immune-mediated diseases. The main non-hematopoietic stromal cells involved in immunity include fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, endothelial cells, pericytes, smooth muscle cells and mesenchymal stromal cells.","PeriodicalId":360700,"journal":{"name":"Normal and Malignant B-Cell","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116971730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immunogenetic Aspect of B-Cell Antigen Receptor Diversity Generation","authors":"M. Aribi","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90637","url":null,"abstract":"The generation of antigen receptor diversity, and thus of the B-cell repertoire, is the result of very complex immunogenetic mechanisms. So, this chapter gives a brief overview on immunoglobulin (IG) gene organization and gene rearrangements, as well as the main mechanisms of immunoglobulin repertoire development.","PeriodicalId":360700,"journal":{"name":"Normal and Malignant B-Cell","volume":"373 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126715346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"B-Cell Lymphomas","authors":"S. Selvi, B. Srinivas, S. Shrinuvasan","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.87370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.87370","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":360700,"journal":{"name":"Normal and Malignant B-Cell","volume":"280 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120887488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"B Cell Lymphomagenesis","authors":"Željka Škunca","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.87241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.87241","url":null,"abstract":"Lymphoid neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of malignancies whose diagnosis depends on a very good analysis of hematopathology and morphology, immunophenotype, cytogenetic, molecular, and clinical characteristics. B-cell lymphomas begin from different developmental stages of B cells in germinal centers of secondary lymphoid tissue. The evolution of B-cell lymphomagenesis depends on different numbers of signal pathways. Proteins that play key point of signaling networks are changed by aberrant chromosomal expression, translocation, and/or accumulation, and those events determine the fate of the affected B cells. Many chemokines and cytokines have been implicated in providing the line for the cellular surviving and interaction in lymphoid organogenesis. Specific chromosomal alterations were associated with significant changes in gene-expression signatures that reflect various aspects of lymphoma cell biology as well as the host response to the lymphoma. The goal of this study was to find out a correlation between tumor markers and survival in patients with subgroups of DLBCL. The goal is to find out chronic autoimmune or pathogen-induced immune reactions resulting in lymphoid neogenesis. So we address (i) chemokines and adhe-sion molecules involved in lymphoid neogenesis, (ii) the autoimmune diseases and pathogens which are associated with the development of B-cell lymphomas, and (iii) the molecular mechanisms involved in the initiation and progression of DLBCL.","PeriodicalId":360700,"journal":{"name":"Normal and Malignant B-Cell","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121160429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Chernysheva, Lyudmila Yuryevna Grivtsova, A. Popa, N. Tupitsyn
{"title":"B-Cell Precursors: Immunophenotypic Features in the Detection of Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia","authors":"O. Chernysheva, Lyudmila Yuryevna Grivtsova, A. Popa, N. Tupitsyn","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84223","url":null,"abstract":"Minimal residual disease (MRD) as a tool to monitor response to therapy is both a criterion for detailed risk stratification and an independent prognostic factor in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Immunological assays particularly flow cytometry (FC) are priority methods in MRD monitoring. Multicolor flow cytometry makes it possible to most fully characterize the immunophenotype of tumor B lymphoblasts and reveal leukemia-associated immunophenotypes not only according to the CD58 and CD38 antigens but also as an additional criterion of aber-rancy. This allows you to identify and select individual criteria for further monitoring of minimal residual disease for each patient with ALL. The aim of this chapter is to compare immunophenotyping features of normal B-cell precursors and B-lymphoblasts in acute leukemia and to show possibilities of use of a leukemia-associated immunophenotype in monitoring of the MRD.","PeriodicalId":360700,"journal":{"name":"Normal and Malignant B-Cell","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129308989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chulkova Svetlana Vasilievna, Lyudmila Yuryevna Grivtsova, I. S. Stylidi, Nikolay Nikolayevich Tupitsyn, Z. M. Galaeva
{"title":"Splenectomy in Gastric Cancer: Influence of B Lymphocytes","authors":"Chulkova Svetlana Vasilievna, Lyudmila Yuryevna Grivtsova, I. S. Stylidi, Nikolay Nikolayevich Tupitsyn, Z. M. Galaeva","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80075","url":null,"abstract":"The spleen is the largest peripheral organ of the immune system. The standard volume of lymphodissection in stomach cancer during gastrectomy or proximal resection is D2, which implies splenectomy. Immunity disorders in patients after splenectomy primarily affect the B cell immune response. Peripheral blood B-lymphocytes subpopulations have been studied in patients with gastric cancer. Group 1 - patients with gastrectomy, D2 lymphodissection, group 2 - patients with gastrectomy, D2-lymphodissection, splenectomy. Evaluation of the expression of antigens (CD20, CD21, CD23, CD38, HLA-DR, CD71, CD10, CD95, CD25, CD5, CD56, κ - and λ -light was performed in the gate of CD19+ cells. Among peripheral blood lymphocytes the presence of CD19+CD5+ B cells (B1a cells), some of which express the activation antigens CD38 and CD23 is found; a small part of CD5+ B cells is CD25+CD38−. The number of CD23+ cells ranged from 25 to 40% in different patients. A significant number of B cells with a low level of CD21+ expression were detected. In group 2 after surgery, the percentage of cells with CD5+ expression significantly increased, the relative amount of CD19+ lymphocytes, CD19+CD21+ B cells decreased. Given data on B1 and BMZ populations, this can lead to a weakening of both general and antitumor immunity.","PeriodicalId":360700,"journal":{"name":"Normal and Malignant B-Cell","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127984000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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