AARN: Natural Disasters (Topic)最新文献

Adaptation and Adverse Selection in Markets for Natural Disaster Insurance 自然灾害保险市场的适应与逆向选择

AARN: Natural Disasters (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-10-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3467329

Katherine R. H. Wagner

引用次数: 45

Computational Social Science of Disasters: Opportunities and Challenges 灾害的计算社会科学:机遇与挑战

AARN: Natural Disasters (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-04-26 DOI: 10.3390/FI11050103

Annetta Burger, Talha Oz, W. Kennedy, A. Crooks

{"title":"Computational Social Science of Disasters: Opportunities and Challenges","authors":"Annetta Burger, Talha Oz, W. Kennedy, A. Crooks","doi":"10.3390/FI11050103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/FI11050103","url":null,"abstract":"Disaster events and their economic impacts are trending, and climate projection studies suggest that the risks of disaster will continue to increase in the near future. Despite the broad and increasing social effects of these events, the empirical basis of disaster research is often weak, partially due to the natural paucity of observed data. At the same time, some of the early research regarding social responses to disasters have become outdated as social, cultural, and political norms have changed. The digital revolution, the open data trend, and the advancements in data science provide new opportunities for social science disaster research. We introduce the term computational social science of disasters (CSSD), which can be formally defined as the systematic study of the social behavioral dynamics of disasters utilizing computational methods. In this paper, we discuss and showcase the opportunities and the challenges in this new approach to disaster research. Following a brief review of the fields that relate to CSSD, namely traditional social sciences of disasters, computational social science, and crisis informatics, we examine how advances in Internet technologies offer a new lens through which to study disasters. By identifying gaps in the literature, we show how this new field could address ways to advance our understanding of the social and behavioral aspects of disasters in a digitally connected world. In doing so, our goal is to bridge the gap between data science and the social sciences of disasters in rapidly changing environments.","PeriodicalId":355683,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Natural Disasters (Topic)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126404294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Exposure and Contemporaneousness: What Can We Learn about the Effect of Drought on Children's Cognitive Development? 暴露与同时性:干旱对儿童认知发展的影响?

AARN: Natural Disasters (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-04-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2992896

Yikun Chi, Eduardo Fé

{"title":"Exposure and Contemporaneousness: What Can We Learn about the Effect of Drought on Children's Cognitive Development?","authors":"Yikun Chi, Eduardo Fé","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2992896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2992896","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we combine a comprehensive Indonesian household survey with detailed meteorological data to explore what can be learned about the effect of drought on the long term cognitive development of Indonesian children living in rural areas. We face a common problem of latent exposure with observable contemporaneousness. The problem is compounded by plausible endogeneity and likely confounding. To estimate the effects of drought on Indonesian children's scores in a fluid intelligence test, we consider a battery of different identification assumptions which vary in credibility and power. Our most powerful assumptions point identify the effect of contemporaneousness, however they have debatable credibility. Our most credible assumptions, on the other hand, convey little information about the effect of contemporaneousness. In between these two extreme, we consider a range of middle-of-the-way assumptions which partially identify the effect of contemporaneousness. Specifically, we characterise some of the assumptions required to establish the sign of the effect of contemporaneousness. Our results reveal differential effects of drought across sexes, however we find at least two competing explanations which would explain these difference: natural selection, on the one hand, and family dis-investing on girls in the fact of hardship, on the other.","PeriodicalId":355683,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Natural Disasters (Topic)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132774321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Humanitarian Logistics Training Needs: A Systematic Review in Relation to Sri Lankan Humanitarian Sector 人道主义后勤培训需求:与斯里兰卡人道主义部门有关的系统审查

AARN: Natural Disasters (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-12-08 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2909715

S. Rajakaruna, A. W. Wijeratne, Chen Yan

{"title":"Humanitarian Logistics Training Needs: A Systematic Review in Relation to Sri Lankan Humanitarian Sector","authors":"S. Rajakaruna, A. W. Wijeratne, Chen Yan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2909715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2909715","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the light of increasing attention and the precedence of humanitarian operations, logistics have taken an unprecedented turn in the humanitarian sector. Humanitarian Logistics (HL) has now become one of the significant factors in assisting any disaster. Statistics indicates that, increasing disasters have become a major concern for the international community. A large part of the success of humanitarian operations is directly attributable to the effectiveness and efficiency of logistics. Training of logisticians is necessary for effective management of supply chain in a disaster. The recent issues that are being faced in regard to humanitarian logistics at each disaster in Sri Lanka emphasize the need for research into the area of humanitarian logistics. A number of researches have been carried out to find training needs of humanitarian logisticians1 (‘humlogs’) in order to accomplish efficiency and effectiveness of humanitarian supply chains at global level. However, to date there has been limited discussion on the training of ‘humlogs’ in Sri Lanka. A systematic literature survey was conducted in order to find the gaps indicated by scholars in the humanitarian logistics training at global level. Articles were selected from two major publication sites. They were further reviewed and analyzed to find gaps that are applicable to humanitarian logistics training. These gaps were further applied to the SL humanitarian sector. This paper offers a literature survey and an insight of ‘humlolg’ training in the Sri Lankan humanitarian landscape. Results show the gaps that exist in training of ‘humlogs’ and the significance of such training for future disasters in Sri Lanka. Additionally, this paper also indicates future research requirements to the field of humanitarian logistics. Keywords: Education, Humanitarian logistics, Skills, Sri Lanka, Training","PeriodicalId":355683,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Natural Disasters (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130950259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

It's Who You Know: Factors Driving Recovery from Japan's 11 March 2011 Disaster 这是你认识的人:推动日本从2011年3月11日灾难中恢复的因素

AARN: Natural Disasters (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-06-06 DOI: 10.1111/PADM.12191

Daniel P. Aldrich

引用次数: 41