{"title":"Effects of Isovalent Substitutions and Heat Treatments on Tc, Orthorhombicity, Resistivity, AC Magnetic Shielding and Irreversibility Line in High-Tc Superconductors","authors":"A. Nafidi","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74354","url":null,"abstract":"We report here the preparation, X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement, AC magnetic susceptibility (χac = χ′ + iχ′′), resistivity, iodometric measurements and effect of heat treatments in (Y1−xSmx)SrBaCu3O6+z. Each sample has undergone two types of heat treatment: oxygen annealing [O] and argon annealing followed by oxygen annealing [AO]. For each x, the [AO] heat treatment increases the orthorhombicity ε = (b − a)/(b + a) (for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1), Tc (for x ≥ 0.4) and reduced the linear resistivity parameters with a diminution of the interaction of holes with phonons. At all T < Tc and for any applied field Hdc, we observed an enhancement of AC magnetic shielding and the irreversibility line in the samples [AO] for x > 0.5, revealing an improvement in the pinning properties. Remarkable correlations were found. In the [AO] samples, the measured data are explained by the increase in phase purity, in cationic and chain oxygen ordering, psh and the decrease in d[Cu(1)─(Sr/Ba)].","PeriodicalId":339907,"journal":{"name":"Superfluids and Superconductors","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130960911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. V. Alphen, N. Verhelst, G. Lombardi, S. Klimin, J. Tempère
{"title":"An Effective Field Description for Fermionic Superfluids","authors":"W. V. Alphen, N. Verhelst, G. Lombardi, S. Klimin, J. Tempère","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73058","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we present the details of the derivation of an effective field theory (EFT) for a Fermi gas of neutral dilute atoms and apply it to study the structure of both vortices and solitons in superfluid Fermi gases throughout the BEC-BCS crossover. One of the merits of the effective field theory is that, for both applications, it can provide some form of analytical results. For one-dimensional solitons, the entire structure can be determined analytically, allowing for an easy analysis of soliton properties and dynamics across the BEC-BCS interaction domain. For vortices on the other hand, a variational model has to be proposed. The variational parameter can be determined analytically using the EFT, allowing to also study the vortex structure (variationally) throughout the BEC-BCS crossover.","PeriodicalId":339907,"journal":{"name":"Superfluids and Superconductors","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131796185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intermediate State in Type-I Superconductors","authors":"V. Kozhevnikov","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75742","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":339907,"journal":{"name":"Superfluids and Superconductors","volume":"86 1-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123432752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emerging Superconductivity and Topological States in Bismuth Chalcogenides","authors":"Jifeng Shao, W. K. Zhu","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73057","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we review the recent experimental work in emerging superconductors, i.e., bismuth chalcogenides, including the newly discovered BiS(e) 2 -based layered superconductors and some topological superconductor candidates. Their crystal structure and various physical properties are reviewed in detail, with the correlation between structure and superconductivity as the main clue throughout this chapter. Bi 2 OS 2 is the sim- plest structure in Bi ─ O ─ S compounds and probably the parent compound of this series. Superconductivity emerges when carriers are introduced by intercalation or chemical substitution. The superconducting layer is extended to BiSe 2 layer in LaO 1−x F x BiSe 2 , which has an improved superconductivity. Moreover, the topological insulator Bi 2 Se 3 can be turned into superconductors by intercalating metal atoms into van der Waals space, e.g., Sr x Bi 2 Se 3 , a potential topological superconductor, whose quantum oscillations reveal a possible topological surface state. The intermediate external pressure can efficiently sup press superconductivity, which reemerges when pressure is further increased, while T c is nearly invariant in high-pressure region, indicating an unconventional pairing state.","PeriodicalId":339907,"journal":{"name":"Superfluids and Superconductors","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130156826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Clean” Liquid Helium","authors":"M. Gabal, Javier Sesé, C. Rillo, S. Spagna","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74907","url":null,"abstract":"The authors are greatly appreciative and acknowledge the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the Project No. MAT2015- 64083-R and through the Personal Tecnico de Apoyo (PTA) 2016 program for personal funding. They would also like to acknowledge the use of Servicio General de Apoyo a la Investigacion-SAI, Universidad de Zaragoza","PeriodicalId":339907,"journal":{"name":"Superfluids and Superconductors","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122877747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introductory Chapter","authors":"R. Zivieri","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.77318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.77318","url":null,"abstract":"This book deals with the recent advancements in two topical subjects of condensed matter physics, superfluidity, and superconductivity. In principle, the two phenomena are very similar because they occur as a function of temperature and in the presence of the vanishing of a physical quantity marking a phase transition below a critical temperature. A superfluid is a fluid having zero viscosity while a superconductor is a conductor with zero resistance. Superfluidity occurs in liquid helium and in ultracold atomic gases while superconductivity is typical of elements like niobium and lead, of some niobium alloys, or compounds like yttrium barium and copper oxide and compounds containing iron. Regarding the latter, since the first discoveries, the interplay between superconductivity and magnetism has also been investigated finding that the magnetic state of superconductors can be described as ideal diamagnetism. The behaviour toward the external magnetic field allows to distinguish between firstand second-type superconductors. Instead, the critical temperature in correspondence of which superconductivity arises allows to distinguish between lowand high-critical temperature superconductors. After their initial discovery, superfluidity was explained as a quantum mechanical phenomenon, while superconductivity was described first according to a phenomenological and classical theory and only in a second moment in terms of a microscopic quantum mechanical theory.","PeriodicalId":339907,"journal":{"name":"Superfluids and Superconductors","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127214352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Topological Interplay between Knots and Entangled Vortex-Membranes","authors":"S. Kou","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72809","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the Kelvin wave and knot dynamics are studied on three dimensional smoothly deformed entangled vortex-membranes in five dimensional space. Owing to the existence of local Lorentz invariance and diffeomorphism invariance, in continuum limit gravity becomes an emergent phenomenon on 3+1 dimensional zero-lattice (a lattice of projected zeroes): On the one hand, the deformed zero-lattice can be denoted by curved space-time for knots; on the other hand, the knots as topological defect of 3+1 dimensional zero-lattice indicates matter may curve space-time. This work would help researchers to understand the mystery in gravity.","PeriodicalId":339907,"journal":{"name":"Superfluids and Superconductors","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133444786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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