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Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title]最新文献

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Routine and Innovation in Surgical Therapy of Gallstones 胆结石手术治疗的常规与创新
Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title] Pub Date : 2022-01-07 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100570
P. Dubovan, R. Aziri, M. Tomáš
{"title":"Routine and Innovation in Surgical Therapy of Gallstones","authors":"P. Dubovan, R. Aziri, M. Tomáš","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.100570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100570","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the anatomy of the gallbladder with the anatomical variations potentially impacting surgical therapy. It is dissertated upon the clinical indication for the surgical therapy with consecutive treatment. The discussion on the surgery focuses on the patient’s safety and strategies for safe cholecystectomy with an optimal approach. Even though the efforts to minimise potential complications are made, the complication may arise, and therefore, the last part of this chapter discusses such cases with optimal clinical management.","PeriodicalId":336696,"journal":{"name":"Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title]","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130083608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Minimally Invasive Treatment for Cholelithiasis 胆石症的微创治疗
Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.98874
H. Okamoto
{"title":"Minimally Invasive Treatment for Cholelithiasis","authors":"H. Okamoto","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.98874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98874","url":null,"abstract":"Gallstone disease, cholecysto- and choledocho-lithiasis, is one of the most common digestive diseases. Most patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis are recommended to undergo cholecystectomy to alleviate their symptoms like abdominal pain and jaundice. Approximately 10–20% of patients who undergo cholecystectomy for gallstones have choledocholithiasis. Nowadays, endoscopic and/or laparoscopic approaches are widely accepted as the treatment for patients with gallstone. Patients with cholecystolithiasis are usually treated by laparoscopic cholecystectomy, whereas patients with choledocholithiasis are done by endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) or laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE). Additionally, some cases are treated by biliary reconstruction such as biliary enteric anastomosis. In this chapter, currently available laparoscopic approaches as a minimally invasive surgery are introduced and discussed on the basis of pathogenesis of the gallstone.","PeriodicalId":336696,"journal":{"name":"Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title]","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132162978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Infections of Biliary Tract 胆道感染
Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-12-08 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100063
Hema Prakash Kumari Pilli, Vijayalakshmi Payala
{"title":"Infections of Biliary Tract","authors":"Hema Prakash Kumari Pilli, Vijayalakshmi Payala","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.100063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100063","url":null,"abstract":"Biliary tract infections include cholangitis and cholecystitis. They are associated with high morbidity and mortality in elderly patients with comorbid disease. The most common infecting organisms are Enterobacteriaceae ascending from the gastrointestinal tract, Gram-positive pathogens like Enterococci spp.; the infections are rarely caused by fungi, viruses, and parasites. The prime reason for biliary tract infections is the ascending infection due to the reflux of duodenal contents and also the blood-borne infection or infection spreading through the portal-venous channels. The other predisposing conditions causing biliary tract infections include critical illnesses such as trauma, burns, sepsis, HIV infection, immunosuppression, diabetes, non-biliary surgery, and childbirth. The infection is reduced by β-lactam antibiotics or their derivatives, cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, etc. Empiric treatment with piperacillin/tazobactam or a cephalosporin with or without metronidazole is recommended for moderate and severe acute cholecystitis irrespective of whether there is growth by culture. Patients with severe cholecystitis are unfortunately difficult to identify properly, both clinically and radiologically, because clinical symptoms are unexpected, and imaging investigations are frequently ambiguous. However, there are significant differences in morbidity and death rates between individuals with mild cholecystitis and those with severe cholecystitis. Preventing related consequences requires early identification and effective therapy of individuals at risk of severe cholecystitis.","PeriodicalId":336696,"journal":{"name":"Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title]","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126948960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pathophysiology of Gallstones 胆结石的病理生理学
Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100553
Mela Ram Attri, Irshad Ahmad Kumar, Ferkhand Mohi Ud Din, Ashiq Hussain Raina, Aakarshit Attri
{"title":"Pathophysiology of Gallstones","authors":"Mela Ram Attri, Irshad Ahmad Kumar, Ferkhand Mohi Ud Din, Ashiq Hussain Raina, Aakarshit Attri","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.100553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100553","url":null,"abstract":"Gallstones are the stones developing in the gallbladder. Evolution of pathophysiology changes the trends of treatment of a disease. Laparoscopic revolution was only because of gallstones diseases. The shifting of food habits increased the incidence of diseases in developing countries. There are mainly three types of stones Cholesterol, pigment and brown stones. The pathophysiology of which is different for each type. Cholesterol stones being most common owing to the risk factors being prevalent in the developing and developed societies. Pigment stones being most common in blood disorder patients while brown stones are most common in common bile duct and are infected ones.","PeriodicalId":336696,"journal":{"name":"Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title]","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115444267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Acute Alitasic Cholecystitis 急性过敏性胆囊炎
Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-09-24 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.99188
G. Petracca, F. Zappia, Maccarone Giuseppe, Mazzeo Mariano, Miorin Francesco, Fabrizio Silvaggio, Mileto Ivana, Plutino Francesco, Posterino Antonietta, D. Cafaro
{"title":"Acute Alitasic Cholecystitis","authors":"G. Petracca, F. Zappia, Maccarone Giuseppe, Mazzeo Mariano, Miorin Francesco, Fabrizio Silvaggio, Mileto Ivana, Plutino Francesco, Posterino Antonietta, D. Cafaro","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.99188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99188","url":null,"abstract":"Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) is the inflammatory disease of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones. Typically affects critically ill patients. Diagnosis is not straightforward as Murphy’s sign is difficult to detect in critically ill and many imaging findings are numb or nonspecific. Acalculous cholecystitis is a life-threatening disorder that has a high risk of perforation and necrosis compared to the more typical calculous disease. Management involves a percutaneous cholecystostomy, a surgical cholecystectomy, or, more recently, a metal stent placed endoscopically through the gastrointestinal tract into the gallbladder. Acalculous cholecystitis is a serious illness that has high morbidity and mortality. The reported mortality of the condition varies from 30 to 50% depending on the age of the patient. Even those who survive have a long recovery that can take months.","PeriodicalId":336696,"journal":{"name":"Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title]","volume":"5 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113954691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gall Stones in Pediatric Population 小儿胆结石的研究
Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-08-03 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.99020
Nida Mirza Shaikh
{"title":"Gall Stones in Pediatric Population","authors":"Nida Mirza Shaikh","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.99020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99020","url":null,"abstract":"Gall stones is a known entity in adults, but are considered uncommon in pediatric population, however in the recent years, mainly with wide spread use of ultrasonography, cholelithiasis in children is being frequently reported. Etiology of gall stones in children is not similar to adults. Pigment stones are the most frequently seen in children with hemolytic disease as the most common cause, however with the increase in obesity in children there is also rise in cholesterol stones. Many other causes like drugs, congenital hepatobiliary malformation and genetic causes are to be kept during evaluation of gall stones. Management of gall stones need a proper and timely work up for the causes of cholelithiasis is necessary in children. Surgical management with laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice in most of the cases however the timing of surgery should be optimized case to case basis.","PeriodicalId":336696,"journal":{"name":"Gallstones - Review and Recent Progress [Working Title]","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122300828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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