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New Insights into Theriogenology最新文献

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Reproduction in the Female Mithun 雌性密顿的生殖
New Insights into Theriogenology Pub Date : 2018-12-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81037
Perumal Ponraj
{"title":"Reproduction in the Female Mithun","authors":"Perumal Ponraj","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81037","url":null,"abstract":"Mithun is a domesticated beef bovine species in Himalayan foothills of Southeast Asia. It inhabits at an altitude from 300 to 3000 m MSL, often under extensive grazing system. Mithun is a very fertile animal, able to produce one calf/year. Mithun can interbreed with other bovine species, but male offspring are sterile. This chapter intent is to gather and discuss available information on several aspects of reproduction in female Mithun. The morphology of the reproductive organs is different from cattle and has a longer reproductive tract and pregnancies compared to cattle. Although its estrus period is longer than in cow, Mithun usually displays silent heats, requiring a breeding bull for heat detection. Seasonal fluctuations on reproductive pattern have been reported, which are related to forage availability and quality. Calving in summer takes longer to resumption of cyclic ovarian activity than calving in winter. As Mithun is an important socio-cultural-religious-economic asset in India, to counter some short comings, new breeding strategies have been introduced like multiple ovulation and embryo transfer technology. A good understanding of different aspects of reproduction is crucial to support effective reproductive managements to enhance socio-economic status and cultural importance of tribals to preserve Mithun germplasm to be used in future.","PeriodicalId":333986,"journal":{"name":"New Insights into Theriogenology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116660648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Spermatogenesis and Its Significance in Reproductive Medicine 精子发生及其在生殖医学中的意义
New Insights into Theriogenology Pub Date : 2018-11-19 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80764
V. Sebastiano, Auriana Arabpour
{"title":"Spermatogenesis and Its Significance in Reproductive Medicine","authors":"V. Sebastiano, Auriana Arabpour","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80764","url":null,"abstract":"As infertility rates across nations become a growing concern, the interest in the development of treatments, such as in vitro gametogenesis (IVG), increases. This is especially the case for male infertility. For instance, the average sperm count continues to decline across nations, while more adult and pediatric patients survive cancer only to be left with little to no options for fertility restorative therapies. Understanding the male reproductive system and the process of spermatogenesis, however, has proven to be a difficult task. Progress occurs slowly and inconsistencies remain in the literature while reports attempt to better understand spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in conjunction with spermatogenesis. Interestingly, stem cell behavior, the decision to self-renewal or commit to differentiation, has shown to be closely linked to the stem cell’s microenvironment (i.e. niche). Perhaps the missing pieces required to better understanding spermatogenesis are found in the re-defined perspective of SSC niche dynamics.","PeriodicalId":333986,"journal":{"name":"New Insights into Theriogenology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131096919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Intraoviductal Instillation of a Solution as an Effective Route for Manipulating Preimplantation Mammalian Embryos in vivo 输卵管内灌注一种溶液作为操纵哺乳动物胚胎着床前的有效途径
New Insights into Theriogenology Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79106
Masahiro Sato, M. Ohtsuka, Shingo Nakamura
{"title":"Intraoviductal Instillation of a Solution as an Effective Route for Manipulating Preimplantation Mammalian Embryos in vivo","authors":"Masahiro Sato, M. Ohtsuka, Shingo Nakamura","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79106","url":null,"abstract":"Preimplantation embryos of mammals are enclosed by a translucent layer called zona pellucida (ZP), which is composed of glycoproteins. ZP is important for protecting against infection by virus and bacteria, and to prevent attachment of embryos to the oviductal epithelia. Due to the presence of ZP, it has been difficult to transfect preimplantation embryos existing within the oviductal lumen, with exogenous nucleic acids, such as DNA and mRNA. However, intraoviductal instillation of nucleic acids, and subsequent in vivo electroporation in pregnant females, enables transfection of these embryos, leading to the production of gene-modified animals. This new method for production of genetically modified animals does not require any ex vivo handling of embryos, which has been essential for traditional transgenesis. In this article, we describe recent advances in the in vivo transfection of preimplantation mammalian embryos, and also the possibility of simple transfection of these embryos through intraoviductal instillation of a solution, alone.","PeriodicalId":333986,"journal":{"name":"New Insights into Theriogenology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124816068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Subclinical Endometritis in Dairy Cattle 奶牛的亚临床子宫内膜炎
New Insights into Theriogenology Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80229
Luis Angel Quintela Arias, M. Fernández, Juan José Becerra González, M. López, P. G. Herradón, Ana Isabel Peña Martínez
{"title":"Subclinical Endometritis in Dairy Cattle","authors":"Luis Angel Quintela Arias, M. Fernández, Juan José Becerra González, M. López, P. G. Herradón, Ana Isabel Peña Martínez","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80229","url":null,"abstract":"Subclinical endometritis is recognized as a cause of poor reproductive performance in dairy cows. Inflammation of the endometrium persisting after postpartum uterine invo lution has been related with prolonged calving-conception intervals and low fertility in dairy cows. The subclinical nature of this condition makes it necessary in the use of endometrial cytology or biopsy for diagnosing it. There are some controversies among authors in relation to the postpartum period from which a physiological endometrial inflammation should be considered a pathological subclinical endometritis. Therefore, depending on the sampling period after calving, different studies establish a different degree of polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration as cutoff point to diagnose subclini - cal endometritis. Controversies also exist regarding the pathogenesis of the disease and its consequences on the fertility of dairy cattle. The aim of this chapter was to review the current knowledge on this uterine pathology.","PeriodicalId":333986,"journal":{"name":"New Insights into Theriogenology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128575099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Adipokines in Domestic Animal Reproduction: Expression and Role in the Regulation of Ovarian Function 脂肪因子在家畜生殖中的表达及其在卵巢功能调节中的作用
New Insights into Theriogenology Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81035
P. Kurowska, E. Młyczyńska, Alix Barbe, Namya Mellouk, J. Dupont, A. Rak
{"title":"The Adipokines in Domestic Animal Reproduction: Expression and Role in the Regulation of Ovarian Function","authors":"P. Kurowska, E. Młyczyńska, Alix Barbe, Namya Mellouk, J. Dupont, A. Rak","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81035","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, it is clear that female reproduction is regulated by the hypothalamic–pituitary- ovary axis, which produces many hormones that control reproductive stages. It is there-fore important to have knowledge of new regulators/hormones controlling reproduction in domestic animals. In female animals, energy metabolism and fertility are tightly con-nected, and reciprocally regulated. The adipose tissue is well known to be implicated in the secretion of several hormones, such as the adiponectin, resistin, chemerin, visfatin, vaspin and apelin, the so-called adipokines or “adipose tissue-derived hormones”. Many reports indicate that adipokines regulate the ovarian follicles’ development, the onset of puberty and/or ovulation. This chapter summarizes that several adipokines are expressed in the ovary and that they can regulate ovarian physiology such as the steroid hormone production, cell proliferation, apoptosis and oocyte maturation in different domestic animals like pigs, cows, goats, ewes, chickens and turkeys.","PeriodicalId":333986,"journal":{"name":"New Insights into Theriogenology","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134386994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Application of Some Proteome Analysis Techniques in Animal Reproduction 一些蛋白质组分析技术在动物生殖中的应用
New Insights into Theriogenology Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80521
Y. Baykalır, B. G. Baykalir, U. G. Simsek
{"title":"Application of Some Proteome Analysis Techniques in Animal Reproduction","authors":"Y. Baykalır, B. G. Baykalir, U. G. Simsek","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80521","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on the application of proteome analysis techniques to animal repro- duction and provides general information on one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis, chromatographic methods, and mass spectrometer (MS), widely used in proteomics studies. Proteome consists of an entire complement of proteins expressed by a cell, tissue, or organism. Proteomics reveals functions of proteins encoded in the genome. These functions include posttranslational modifications (PTMs) and alterations in the protein synthesis. Animal reproduction takes a key role in livestock, and increas- ing the reproduction rate in flocks plays an important role in livestock management. Studying the proteins related to reproduction could guide on how to increase fertility. Recent studies addressed the proteome constitution of both male and female reproductive system. Follicular fluid, endometrium, and ovary proteins were analyzed in females by proteomics study, while in males, sperm proteomics was more focused. Information obtained on this issue is also beneficial for the development of reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Strategies to increase fertility in animals can be revealed by proteomic studies, and a more profound knowledge on proteomics may become helpful to develop and enhance the efficiency of reproductive technologies.","PeriodicalId":333986,"journal":{"name":"New Insights into Theriogenology","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121897997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Embryo Manipulation Techniques in the Rabbit 兔胚胎操作技术
New Insights into Theriogenology Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81089
M. García
{"title":"Embryo Manipulation Techniques in the Rabbit","authors":"M. García","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81089","url":null,"abstract":"Rabbits are both productive and classic laboratory animals. Some particularities of female reproductive physiology make the rabbit an extraordinary model for the study of embryology and assisted reproductive techniques. For instance, as the ovulation is induced, the embryo development can be known with accuracy. Embryos are surrounded by a mucin coat which is crucial to prevent embryo mortality. Besides, the anatomy of the uterus does not allow embryo transmigration between both uterine horns, and so it is possible to test different reproductive techniques. Knowledge on early embryo development, and on influencing factors, has allowed to develop new insights into embryo manipulation, such as recovery, transfer, cryopreservation, in vitro fertilisation, cloning, or transgen- esis. Also the rabbit may be used as a model for human reproductive health, because rabbit embryo and feto-placental development are similar to the human. This chapter reviews the aspects of the reproductive physiology in the female rabbit and discusses some embryo manipulation techniques available in the species.","PeriodicalId":333986,"journal":{"name":"New Insights into Theriogenology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130481704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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