Brain and Nerves最新文献

{"title":"Immune thrombocytopenic purpura and intracranial haemorrhage: A formidable medical challenge","authors":"C. Calderon, A. Pérez","doi":"10.15761/JBN.1000132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/JBN.1000132","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To discuss the thought-provoking and difficult clinical management of a case of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Case presentation: A 6-year-old female, known ITP, presented with a one-day history of traumatic dislodged tooth, with associated neurological symptoms. However, her neurological status was alert and oriented, with absence of focal deficits. The complete blood count showed a platelet count of 26 x 10 9 /L and was in keeping with her known baseline platelet level. Computed tomography of the brain demonstrated three sites of cerebral contusions with no associated midline shift. Hours after admission, there was progressive decline in the patient’s clinical status. Additionally, repeat blood investigations showed a downward trend in platelet counts. Aggressive medical management was implemented with the aid of neurosurgery, haematology, paediatrics, and the intensive care unit. Despite various therapeutic modalities, the patient succumbed to her underlying disorder. Conclusion: On retrospective review, this patient had a severe phenotype of ITP. This was demonstrated by repeated oral mucosa bleeds, gastrointestinal bleeds and episodes of haematuria preceding this last admission. Despite multimodal therapies and the combined efforts of a multi-disciplinary team, the clinical management remained arduous.","PeriodicalId":332249,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Nerves","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133894686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology of the dural venous complex of skull base in human ontogenesis","authors":"M. Kornieieva","doi":"10.15761/JBN.1000122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/JBN.1000122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332249,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Nerves","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114254797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The nature of consciousness and the meaning of life","authors":"Michael J Vandeman","doi":"10.15761/jbn.1000123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jbn.1000123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332249,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Nerves","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128689191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampal T2 signal loss and decreased radial arm maze performance in transgenic murine model for AD","authors":"Rajan Adhikari, Kevin S. Steed, BreAnna Hutchinson, Haonan Wang, M. A. Mendoza, Ryan S Staudte, Maya Atmojo, P. Cox, Ty Hancock, Kyle Barkdull, Matthew L Harris, R. K. Watt, N. Bangerter, J. Wisco","doi":"10.15761/jbn.1000127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jbn.1000127","url":null,"abstract":"We propose that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression is largely caused by excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free radicals created by iron dysregulation. An AD brain is struggling with damage control creating harmful tau tangles and amyloid plaques to deal with the dysregulated iron. We hypothesized that transgenic APP/PS1 (Amyloid precursor protein/ Presenilin-1) and Tau mice would exhibit higher levels of deposits in the brain which can be detected through MRI as well as decreased behavioral performance in radial arm maze tasks. We bred APP/PS1 transgenic mice overexpressing chimeric mouse/human APP-695 with mutations and human PSEN1 carrying the exon-9-deleted variant (PSEN1dE9), and Tau mice overexpressing all six isoforms of hyper-phosphorylated human MAPT (Microtubule associated protein Tau), which were compared with age controlled wild type mice. Mice received a diet of either regular or methionine rich chow as an oxidative stressor. Subgroups received a rescue treatment of either zinc, metformin or clioquinol chow. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scans were performed using a Siemens 3 Tesla scanner. Behavioral data was collected using a radial arm maze (RAM) for 2 weeks at each point. Data collection time points were: 1 (baseline), 3, 6 and 9 months. Mean T2 TSE signals from scans on these mice revealed significant signal loss in bilateral hippocampi when compared by age. We also found a significant main effect of genotype and a trend toward significance for genotype and treatment interaction in the mean time mice spent in the RAM. Pairwise comparison showed a significant difference between the time male and female mice spent in the RAM. There was, however, no effect of signal loss or behavior deficit when comparing rescue treatments with or without oxidative insults. The decrease in signal and RAM performance is due to plaque increase and accompanying iron, which offers a possibility to refine the imaging techniques in pursuit of a noninvasive diagnostic biomarker. *Correspondence to: Jonathan J Wisco, PhD, Associate Professor, Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Laboratory for Translational Anatomy of Degenerative Diseases and Developmental Disorders (TAD4), 72 E Concord St, L-1004, Boston, MA 02118, USA, Tel: 310-746-6647/ Office: 617-358-2002; E-mail: jjwisco@bu.edu","PeriodicalId":332249,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Nerves","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130012427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paraoxonase1 and its relationship with Parkinson's disease","authors":"A. Mota, A. Taheraghdam, Mohammad Valilo","doi":"10.15761/jbn.1000120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jbn.1000120","url":null,"abstract":"This study reviews current understanding of relationship of paraoxonase1 polymorphisms and activity of paraoxonase1 in Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is involved in the detoxification of insecticides and pesticides and metabolisms of these toxins. Two polymorphisms within the gene affect the activity of paraoxonase. In One of them a methionine replaces with leucine at position 54 (M54L) and the other a glutamine change to arginine variant at position 192 (Q192R). There are some evidences show the genetic polymorphisms of PON1 can protect against organophosphates such as paraoxon and diazinon. Results of studies that investigate these associations are controversial. There was no significant association between PON1-1 92Q/R alleles and risk of developing PD and also there is no evidence for an association between PON 1-192 polymorphism and development of PD, however, a study found that the 192R alleles were risk factor for developing PD. These polymorphisms explain only some of the variations in serum PON1 activity; thus, the other critical test of the hypothesis is likely to be whether low serum PON1 activity is associated with Parkinson disease or not. In this review we summarize current knowledge from PON1 association studies regarding the interaction between gene polymorphisms and activity of PON1 with the risk of PD. *Correspondence to: Mohammad Valilo, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Tel: +989380540895; E-mail: valilo.biomed@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":332249,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Nerves","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116505272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-action games & exercises via tele-rehabilitation: A prototype for supplemental stroke therapy","authors":"Vince Macri, James D. Merrill, P. Zilber, Vanessa Lane, W. Quinn","doi":"10.15761/jbn.1000124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jbn.1000124","url":null,"abstract":"We describe Pre-Action Games & Exercises (PAGEs) a prototype for supplemental tele-rehabilitation. PAGEs are therapist-guided exercises for chronically impaired stroke survivors: basically a computer-based platform of brain exercises based on control of virtual limbs. Survivors control virtual limbs, simultaneously actuating wearable, motorized orthoses which physically manipulate impaired limbs. Physical manipulations mirror survivor controlled virtual limb movements. PAGEs are designed to assist physical and occupational therapists to treat increased numbers of stroke survivors (estimated, in the US, Canada, Mexico and Europe to be 18 million individuals). Key elements of PAGEs tele-rehabilitation are outlined. Tele-rehabilitation is suggested as a modality for therapist-supervised, survivor-selfadministered and repetitive brain-to-body exercises either in clinics and/or at home or anywhere at any time.Thus, the genetically determined pace of reduction of the primary venous plexuses determines the final shape of the dural venous system and its compensatory abilities. *Correspondence to: James Merrill, NeuroJungle, LLC 434 Lacy Woods Tallahassee, FL 32312, USA, Tel: 978-764-4295; E-mail: james@neurojungle.com Received: October 28, 2019; Accepted: November 13, 2019; Published: November 18, 2019 Introduction PAGES are designed to be a supplemental tool for therapists. Advances in pre-hospital, specialized mobile unit medical diagnosis and treatment, i.e. onboard first responder interventions, result in more stroke cases treated sooner and with positive results. For example, in cases of ischemic stroke, onboard administration of tPA (Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator) is, in some cases, practiced as pre-hospital thrombolytic therapy.1 It is saving lives and improving outcomes. A new, May 2018, US Food and Drug Administration approved technology enables onboard diagnosis of severe strokes. It may be used by mobile unit paramedics.2 The technology combines transcranial ultrasound with an artificial intelligence (AI) component. AI algorithms compare on-board patient findings with thousands of stored images of severe stroke survivors to help diagnose the current survivor’s condition: therefore a pre-hospital early alert to neurosurgeons. In addition, inhospital endovascular surgical advances3 to ‘coil-out’ blood clots and other medical and surgical advances have increased survival rates and work-loads carried by physical and occupational therapists.","PeriodicalId":332249,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Nerves","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133813476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long post-COVID vaccination syndrome","authors":"J. Finsterer","doi":"10.15761/jbn.1000133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jbn.1000133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332249,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Nerves","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127744105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on methods of inducing lucid dreaming in the framework of \"Ban-chenko Algorithm\"","authors":"Banchenko D Y, Burilova T V, Saveliev L V, Shishkin L K","doi":"10.15761/jbn.1000134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jbn.1000134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332249,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Nerves","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129737925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}