{"title":"ustyna Trubalska. Venezuela – democracy at the crossroads?, Episteme Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Lublin 2021, ISBN 978-83-65172-39-6, pp. 58.","authors":"Joanna Gocłowska-Bolek","doi":"10.17951/al.2023.15.155-158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/al.2023.15.155-158","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the economic, political and social situation in Venezuela has become an interesting topic for researchers around the world, including those studying democracy. Since this topic is also interesting from the point of view of my research and personal interests, I read with interest the scientific work entitled Venezuela – democracy at the crossroads?, prepared in Polish by Justyna Trubalska (Trubalska, 2021). The monograph was published in 2021 by Episteme Publishing House in Lublin, Poland. In her analysis, the author focused on the processes of Venezuela’s political transformation from 1999 to December 2020. The adoption of this period is justified due to the qualitative change in the systemic transformation process that began when Hugo Chávez took office in 1999 and the continuation of the process during the tenure of President Nicolás Maduro since 2013.","PeriodicalId":33172,"journal":{"name":"Anuario Latinoamericano","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Century after the Publication of The Economic Consequences of the Peace. Considerations on the Challenges of the Global Geoeconomics in the Third Decade of the 21st Century","authors":"Priscila Palacio","doi":"10.17951/al.2023.15.109-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/al.2023.15.109-131","url":null,"abstract":"A hundred years after The Economic Consequences of the Peace (Keynes, 1919), this article proposes, on the one hand, to revisit some chapters of the work, emphasizing the premonitory character that it acquired when anticipating the fateful consequences that the imposition of peace under disadvantageous conditions for the vanquished would bring for the regional and global stability. On the other hand, even though there are many differences between the current situation and the first postwar period, the purpose of this work is not to carry out a comparative study but to extract from the rereading of Keynes’s work some contributions to understanding global geoeconomics at the dawn of the third decade of the 21st century. A brief analysis of the current world geoeconomic situation is presented, emphasizing recurrent international crises, the tripolar distribution of economic-military power, and the effects of the Russian-Ukrainian war. This study concludes that Keynes’ work is evidence that the geoeconomic decisions of the leaders of the great powers are fundamental to the maintenance of world stability.","PeriodicalId":33172,"journal":{"name":"Anuario Latinoamericano","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Economic Diplomacy and Argentina’s Foreign Debt During the Last Military Dictatorship 1976–1983","authors":"Magdalena Lisińska","doi":"10.17951/al.2023.15.133-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/al.2023.15.133-151","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the evolution of Argentine debt in the light of economic policy conducted during the last military dictatorship (1976–1983). The text uses a framework of structural functionalism to analyze the decision problem faced by the Argentine generals – the need to choose measures to ensure the financial stability of the regime. The means chosen to achieve this goal was to apply for international credits. The article analyzes the factors that contributed to the dictatorship’s foreign borrowing policy, discusses the activities of Argentine economic diplomacy under the leadership of Minister Martínez de Hoz, presents the challenges in obtaining foreign credits during the presidency of Jimmy Carter in the U.S., and discusses the consequences of excessive foreign borrowings.","PeriodicalId":33172,"journal":{"name":"Anuario Latinoamericano","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Legislative Network Analysis of the Retrogressive Anti-Corruption Fight and the Reduction of Human Rights in Guatemala between 2017 and 2021","authors":"Luis Guillermo Velásquez Pérez","doi":"10.17951/al.2023.15.43-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/al.2023.15.43-59","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed, based on Social Networks Analysis (SNA), the links between the deputies of the VIII and IX legislatures of the Congress of the Republic of Guatemala in the promotion and implementation of a regressive agenda composed of projects of law on retrocession of the fight against corruption and the reduction of human rights. It found that five legislative initiatives and seven deputies were key in the network and concluded that the non-re-election of the central deputies (nodes) did not imply that the network disintegrated, but rather signified a transition that should be further studied.","PeriodicalId":33172,"journal":{"name":"Anuario Latinoamericano","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protests, Collective Action and Citizenship. Volume III, Rosa Ynés Alacio García (Coord.) (2022) México: Tirant lo Blanch – Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca – Asociación Mexicana de Ciencias Políticas, ISBN 9788411136228, E-ISBN 9788411136235, pp. 244.","authors":"Luis Téllez Arana","doi":"10.17951/al.2023.15.159-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/al.2023.15.159-163","url":null,"abstract":"Protestas, acción colectiva y ciudadanía. Tomo III, Rosa Ynés Alacio García (Coord.) (2022) México: Tirant lo Blanch – Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca – Asociación Mexicana de Ciencias Políticas, ISBN 9788411136228, E-ISBN 9788411136235, pp. 244.","PeriodicalId":33172,"journal":{"name":"Anuario Latinoamericano","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135923074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"(Re)thinking Latin America Today: Latin American Crises and Alternatives in the Confronting the Crises from Latin America Publication Series","authors":"Marcos Antonio da Silva","doi":"10.17951/al.2023.15.165-170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/al.2023.15.165-170","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33172,"journal":{"name":"Anuario Latinoamericano","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Persistent Party Switching in the Legislative Dynamics of Guatemala","authors":"Margarita Jiménez Badillo","doi":"10.17951/al.2023.15.13-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/al.2023.15.13-42","url":null,"abstract":"Guatemala is one of the Latin American countries with the highest occurrence of party switching since its democratic era in 1985. In 2016, the Congress approved a regulation to sanction this practice, affecting the possibility of re-election and holding internal positions in Congress. The objective of this study is to analyze how, even with the legal containment of party switching, legislators find limits to this regulation to run for re-election and continue their parliamentary career. Based not the ambition theory and institutionalist literature, this study analyzes legislative careers, finding that informal rules in electoral institutions are decisive in admitting legislators with party switching, while belonging to legal or illegal networks seems to drive to successful political careers and positions in the legislative power structure under the cover of strong leadership.","PeriodicalId":33172,"journal":{"name":"Anuario Latinoamericano","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Citizen Participation in the First Constitutional Activation of Direct Democracy Mechanisms in Mexico","authors":"Rosa Ynés Alacio-García","doi":"10.17951/al.2023.15.79-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/al.2023.15.79-105","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanisms of direct democracy involve the participation through voting, from the legal forms of enquiry such as referendum, plebiscite, revocation of mandate, though it can include other graded definitions that go from the minimalist to wider conceptions such as the intervention in fiscal resources and the civic audit. The legal system ensures order. Legal models are the first step to move on to the institutionalized use of DDM as a possibility of influence of the governed ones on public decisions. The ways to influence are different in each country, not only because of the legal model in its government levels, but also because of the citizenship and its characteristics, product of the historical context of construction of the state which brings distinctive features for its use. Can political power be shared? And what is the purpose? The mechanisms of direct democracy in the south of the continent with the exception of Chile and Uruguay, have been institutionalized due to political circumstances of social conflict (as in Bolivia and Ecuador), because of scarce social movilization (like Argentina and Peru), because of low institutional instability (as occurred in Colombia), medium (like Venezuela, Bolivia and Argentina), and high (Ecuador and Peru), and just in Bolivia the clear incorporation took place due to a social demand. In this sense, What DDM are useful for? And for whom? Is it possible to influence public decisions based on the DDM? Legislating direct democracy mechanisms and activating them is not enough to give a sense of civic empowerment to these forms of participatory democracy. The method used is qualitative documentary, based on analysis of the political, legal, social, institutional, electoral dimensions, with the help of geographic information systems (GIS).","PeriodicalId":33172,"journal":{"name":"Anuario Latinoamericano","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of the Colombian Guerrilla FARC-EP on the Social Empowerment of Women","authors":"Paulina Dzięcioł, Daria Konarska, Damian Wardzała","doi":"10.17951/al.2023.15.61-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/al.2023.15.61-77","url":null,"abstract":"The article answers the question of how women’s participation in the structures of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – the People’s Army (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército Popular) has contributed to their social empowerment. The first part of the paper presents the concept of empowerment. Subsequently, the article shows the reasons why women decided to join the guerrilla and their role in the organization. The last part of the paper examinates the evolution of women during and after reintegration.","PeriodicalId":33172,"journal":{"name":"Anuario Latinoamericano","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Priscila Palacio (2019). Realism and International Change. Study on the Work of Robert Gilpin “War and Change” and its Contemporaneity in the 21st Century. A Look at the United States, China and Russia. Buenos Aires: Editorial Almaluz, ISBN 978-987-1813-70-4, pp. 305","authors":"Felipe Venegas San Martín","doi":"10.17951/al.2022.14.171-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/al.2022.14.171-174","url":null,"abstract":"Priscila Palacio (2019). Realismo y cambio internacional. Estudio sobre la obra de Robert Gilpin “War and Change” y su contemporaneidad en el siglo XXI. Una mirada a Estados Unidos, China y Rusia. Buenos Aires: Editorial Almaluz, ISBN 978-987-1813-70-4, pp. 305","PeriodicalId":33172,"journal":{"name":"Anuario Latinoamericano","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135906076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}