L. Bertizzolo, Michele Polese, Leonardo Bonati, A. Gosain, M. Zorzi, T. Melodia
{"title":"mmBAC: Location-aided mmWave Backhaul Management for UAV-based Aerial Cells","authors":"L. Bertizzolo, Michele Polese, Leonardo Bonati, A. Gosain, M. Zorzi, T. Melodia","doi":"10.1145/3349624.3356763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3349624.3356763","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile cells are seen as an enabler of more flexible and elastic services for next-generation wireless networks, making it possible to provide ad hoc coverage in failure scenarios and scale up the network capacity during peak traffic hours and temporary events. When mounted on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), mobile cells require a high-capacity, low-latency wireless backhaul. Although mmWaves can meet such data-rate demand, they suffer from high-latency link establishment, due to the need to transmit and receive with highly directional beams to compensate for the high isotropic path loss. In this paper, we review the benefits of side-information-aided beam management and present a GPS-aided beam tracking algorithm for UAV-based aerial cells. We prototype the proposed algorithm on a mmWave aerial link using a DJI M600 Pro and 60 GHz radios and prove its effectiveness in reducing the average link establishment latency by 66% with respect to state-of-the-art non-aided schemes.","PeriodicalId":330512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Millimeter-wave Networks and Sensing Systems","volume":"229 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116197950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Talal Ahmad, Shiva R. Iyer, L. Díez, Y. Zaki, Ramón Agüero, L. Subramanian
{"title":"Learning Congestion State For mmWave Channels","authors":"Talal Ahmad, Shiva R. Iyer, L. Díez, Y. Zaki, Ramón Agüero, L. Subramanian","doi":"10.1145/3349624.3356769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3349624.3356769","url":null,"abstract":"Millimeter wave (commonly known as mmWave) is enabling the next generation of last-hop communications for mobile devices. But these technologies cannot reach their full potential because existing congestion control schemes at the transport layer perform sub-optimally over mmWave links. In this paper, we show how existing congestion control schemes perform sub-optimally in such channels. Then, we propose that we can learn early congestion signals by using end-to-end measurements at the sender and receiver. We believe that these learned measurements can help build a better congestion control scheme. We show that we can learn Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) per packet with an F1-score as high as 97%. We achieve this by leveraging unsupervised learning on data obtained from sending periodic bursts of probe packets over emulated 60 GHz links (based on real-world WiGig measurements), with random background traffic.","PeriodicalId":330512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Millimeter-wave Networks and Sensing Systems","volume":"223 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134312440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Real-time Multi-Gigahertz Sub-Nyquist Spectrum Sensing System for mmWave","authors":"Zihang Song, Haoran Qi, Yue Gao","doi":"10.1145/3349624.3356767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3349624.3356767","url":null,"abstract":"A real-time sub-Nyquist wideband spectrum sensing system for millimeter wave (mmWave) implemented on National Instruments mmWave software-defined radio system is presented. Based on compressed sensing theory and multicoset sampling architecture, the system is capable of achieving real-time spectrum sensing of 3.072 $textGHz $-bandwidth signal at the centre frequency of 28.5 $textGHz $. Bayesian sparsity estimation and data decimation are applied to realize robust performance of spectrum reconstruction under dynamic spectrum scenarios and enable real-time processing, respectively. This paper presents and comments on the impact of noise corruption, spectrum sparsity on the recovery performance and evaluates two low-complexity sparse recovery greedy algorithms of interest.","PeriodicalId":330512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Millimeter-wave Networks and Sensing Systems","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114795000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tingjun Chen, Manav Kohli, Tianyi Dai, A. Estigarribia, D. Chizhik, Jinfeng Du, R. Feick, R. Valenzuela, G. Zussman
{"title":"28 GHz Channel Measurements in the COSMOS Testbed Deployment Area","authors":"Tingjun Chen, Manav Kohli, Tianyi Dai, A. Estigarribia, D. Chizhik, Jinfeng Du, R. Feick, R. Valenzuela, G. Zussman","doi":"10.1145/3349624.3356770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3349624.3356770","url":null,"abstract":"Next generation wireless and mobile networks will utilize millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication to achieve significantly increased data rates. However, since mmWave radio signals experience high path loss, the operation of mmWave networks will require accurate channel models designed for specific deployment sites. In this paper, we focus on the deployment area of the PAWR COSMOS testbed [1, 2] in New York City and report extensive 28 GHz channel measurements. These include over 24 million power measurements collected from over 1,500 links on 13 sidewalks in 3 different sites and in different settings during March-June, 2019. Using these measurements, we study the effects of the setup and environments (e.g., transmitter height and seasonal effects). We then discuss the obtained path gain values and their fitted lines, and the resulting effective azimuth beamforming gain. Based on these results, we also study the link SNR values that can be supported on individual sidewalks and the corresponding theoretically achievable data rates. We believe that the results can inform the COSMOS testbed deployment process and provide a benchmark for other deployment efforts in dense urban areas.","PeriodicalId":330512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Millimeter-wave Networks and Sensing Systems","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127283168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Outage Probability of Millimeter Wave Links with Quasi-deterministic Propagation","authors":"Amr A. Abdelnabi, V. Mancuso, M. Marsan","doi":"10.1145/3349624.3356762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3349624.3356762","url":null,"abstract":"Millimeter waves are emerging as a key technology for future wireless communication systems and networks. The low transmission power allowed by regulation requires high gain steerable antenna arrays to generate directional links that can support high data rates. However, link directionality implies high sensitivity to obstructions, that can cause link outage. This paper presents a new simple analytical model based on stochastic geometry for the estimation of the outage probability of millimeter wave indoor and outdoor connections, accounting for the presence of obstructions. The accuracy of the model is proved by comparison against simulation results in a number of cases.","PeriodicalId":330512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Millimeter-wave Networks and Sensing Systems","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127496659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tianbo Gu, Zheng Fang, Zhicheng Yang, Pengfei Hu, P. Mohapatra
{"title":"mmSense: Multi-Person Detection and Identification via mmWave Sensing","authors":"Tianbo Gu, Zheng Fang, Zhicheng Yang, Pengfei Hu, P. Mohapatra","doi":"10.1145/3349624.3356765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3349624.3356765","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, millimeter-wave (mmWave) is becoming a significant component of the next-generation wireless communication due to its up to 7 Gbps transmission rate. In addition to the communication benefits, the unique sensing feature of mmWave attracts more attention. Nowadays, the services of human detection and identification are needed in numerous application scenarios, such as smart home and smart industry. The RF-based sensing techniques, especially WiFi-based, are widely utilized in human detection and identification. However, these work either require humans to carry devices or cannot detect and identify multiple people simultaneously. In this paper, we propose mmSense, a device-free multi-person detection and identification framework, which exploits the unique mmWave sensing features. First, we utilize the properties of directionality, impenetrability, and reflection of 60 GHz signal for objects to fingerprint the environments. Based on the generated environment fingerprints with and without human presence, mmSense can detect and localize the presence of multiple people simultaneously via the LSTM-based classification model. Moreover, we propose a novel approach to use humans' outline profile and vital signs to identify multiple people by using 60 GHz reflected signals of the human body. We conduct extensive experiments to demonstrate the low-cost and effectiveness of our approach.","PeriodicalId":330512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Millimeter-wave Networks and Sensing Systems","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117148573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akash Deep Singh, S. Sandha, Luis Garcia, M. Srivastava
{"title":"RadHAR: Human Activity Recognition from Point Clouds Generated through a Millimeter-wave Radar","authors":"Akash Deep Singh, S. Sandha, Luis Garcia, M. Srivastava","doi":"10.1145/3349624.3356768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3349624.3356768","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate human activity recognition (HAR) is the key to enable emerging context-aware applications that require an understanding and identification of human behavior, e.g., monitoring disabled or elderly people who live alone. Traditionally, HAR has been implemented either through ambient sensors, e.g., cameras, or through wearable devices, e.g., a smartwatch, with an inertial measurement unit (IMU). The ambient sensing approach is typically more generalizable for different environments as this does not require every user to have a wearable device. However, utilizing a camera in privacy-sensitive areas such as a home may capture superfluous ambient information that a user may not feel comfortable sharing. Radars have been proposed as an alternative modality for coarse-grained activity recognition that captures a minimal subset of the ambient information using micro-Doppler spectrograms. However, training fine-grained, accurate activity classifiers is a challenge as low-cost millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar systems produce sparse and non-uniform point clouds. In this paper, we propose RadHAR, a framework that performs accurate HAR using sparse and non-uniform point clouds. RadHAR utilizes a sliding time window to accumulate point clouds from a mmWave radar and generate a voxelized representation that acts as input to our classifiers. We evaluate RadHAR using a low-cost, commercial, off-the-shelf radar to get sparse point clouds which are less visually compromising. We evaluate and demonstrate our system on a collected human activity dataset with 5 different activities. We compare the accuracy of various classifiers on the dataset and find that the best performing deep learning classifier achieves an accuracy of 90.47%. Our evaluation shows the efficacy of using mmWave radar for accurate HAR detection and we enumerate future research directions in this space.","PeriodicalId":330512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Millimeter-wave Networks and Sensing Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116809236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A First Look at 802.11ad Performance on a Smartphone","authors":"Shivang Aggarwal, Arvind Thirumurugan, Dimitrios Koutsonikolas","doi":"10.1145/3349624.3356766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3349624.3356766","url":null,"abstract":"We present the first, to our best knowledge, measurement study of 802.11ad on a commercial smartphone. We explore a number of different aspects including range and coverage, performance under various mobility patterns, and impact on power consumption. We find that, although the performance is generally inferior to that of a laptop, the phone can sustain Gbps rates and the power consumption is not prohibitively high. Overall, our results show that, in spite of earlier concerns, 802.11ad can be a viable candidate technology to address the needs of emerging bandwidth-intensive applications in smartphones.","PeriodicalId":330512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Millimeter-wave Networks and Sensing Systems","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123860954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Millimeter-wave Networks and Sensing Systems","authors":"","doi":"10.1145/3349624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3349624","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":330512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on Millimeter-wave Networks and Sensing Systems","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128409252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}