{"title":"Gender, Digital Toxicity, and Political Voice Online","authors":"Sarah Sobieraj","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197510636.013.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197510636.013.29","url":null,"abstract":"Participatory technologies have radically expanded the opportunities for political voice and visibility, a boon for those who have historically been marginalized. While women have been quick to capitalize on these tools, many find that their contributions to public discourse are met with identity-based hate and sexual intimidation. What’s more, offline inequalities among women persist online, impacting whose voices are centered or sidelined as well as the patterns of hostility. Many of sociology’s key concerns—power, inequality, culture, oppression, identity, and resistance—are central to understanding the causes and consequences of digital abuse and harassment, but thus far, few sociologists have contributed to the burgeoning research on these issues. This chapter reviews key findings from the interdisciplinary literature on women’s political voice and visibility in the digital arena, with special attention to the ways identity-based attacks negatively impact women’s participation and the broader information landscape, taking a toll on democratic vitality. The chapter closes by identifying areas where sociological interventions can advance the field.","PeriodicalId":330091,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Digital Media Sociology","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115451303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Masculinity, Everyday Racism, and Gaming","authors":"Stephanie M. Ortiz","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197510636.013.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197510636.013.49","url":null,"abstract":"Online gaming provides sociologists with a valuable site for exploring the complex relationship between masculinity and racism. After reviewing the ways masculinity and racism have been studied in sociology and in the interdisciplinary research on online gaming, this chapter proposes incorporating sociological approaches to masculinity and everyday racism into the study of gaming through two analytic shifts. First, the chapter centers on Whiteness in the examination of masculinity, exploring how emotions, manhood acts, and peer socialization contribute to everyday racism in a gaming context. Second, it broadens the study of experiences of racism in gaming by including an analysis of masculinity as a set of practices used as resistance against racism. The chapter suggests that White masculinity is key to understanding the often-overlooked ways that racism is reproduced and tolerated by men navigating a world where hegemonic masculinity is the gold standard.","PeriodicalId":330091,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Digital Media Sociology","volume":"147 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130971238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}