Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XXV最新文献

{"title":"NanoSats: current trends in scientific and communications missions","authors":"Adriano Camps","doi":"10.1117/12.2614782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2614782","url":null,"abstract":"Today, space is experiencing a revolution: from large space agencies, multimillion dollar budgets, and big satellite missions to spin-off companies, moderate budgets, and fleets of small satellites. Some have called this the “democratization” of space, in the sense that it is now more accessible than it was just a few years ago. To a large extent, this revolution has been fostered on one side by the standardization of the platforms’ mechanical interfaces, and on the other side by the technology developments coming from mobile communications. Standard platform’s mechanical interfaces have led to standard orbital deployers, and new launching capabilities. The technology developed for cell phones has brought more computing resources, with less power consumption and volume.\u0000\u0000Small satellites are used as pure technology demonstrators, for targeted scientific missions, mostly Earth Observation, some for Astronomy, and they are starting to enter in the field of communications, as huge satellite constellations are now becoming more possible.\u0000\u0000In this lecture, the most widely used nano/microsats form factors, and its main applications will be presented. Then, the main Scientific Earth Observation and Astronomy missions suitable to be boarded in SmallSats will be discussed, also in the context of the rising Constellations of SmallSats for Communication. Finally, the nanosat program at the Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC) will be introduced, and the results of the FSSCAT mission will be presented.","PeriodicalId":329457,"journal":{"name":"Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XXV","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129505996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Earth observation programmes of the European Space Agency (ESA): overview of current and future concepts","authors":"P. Silvestrin","doi":"10.1117/12.2614780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2614780","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years the Earth observation (EO) programmes of the European Space Agency (ESA) have been dramatically extended. They now include activities that cover the entire spectrum of the wide EO domain, encompassing both upstream and downstream developments, i.e. related to flight elements (e.g. sensors, satellites, supporting technologies) and to ground elements (e.g. operations, data exploitation, scientific applications and services for institutions, businesses and citizens). In the field of EO research missions, ESA continues the successful series of Earth Explorer (EE) missions. The last additions to this series include missions under definition, namely Harmony (the tenth EE) and four candidates for the 11th EE: CAIRT (Changing Atmosphere InfraRed Tomography Explorer), Nitrosat (reactive nitrogen at the landscape scale), SEASTAR (ocean submesoscale dynamics and atmosphere-ocean processes), WIVERN (Wind Velocity Radar Nephoscope). On the smaller programmatic scale of the Scout missions, ESA is also developing two new missions: ESP-MACCS (Earth System Processes Monitored in the Atmosphere by a Constellation of CubeSats) and HydroGNSS (hydrological climate variables from GNSS reflectometry). Another cubesat-scale mission of technological flavor is also being developed, Φ-sat-2. Furthermore, in collaboration with NASA, ESA is defining a Mass change and Geosciences International Constellation (MAGIC) for monitoring gravity variations on a spatio-temporal scale that enables applications at regional level, continuing - with vast enhancements - the successful series of gravity mapping missions flown in the last two decades. The key features of all these missions will be outlined, with emphasis on those relying on optical payloads.\u0000\u0000ESA is also developing a panoply of new missions for other European institutions, namely Eumetsat and the European Union, which will be briefly reviewed too. These operational-type missions rely on established EO techniques. Nonetheless some new technologies are applied to expand functional and performance envelopes. A brief resume’ of their main features will be provided, with emphasis on the new Sentinel missions for the EU Copernicus programme.","PeriodicalId":329457,"journal":{"name":"Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XXV","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127389613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OVERVIEW OF ESA EARTH OBSERVATION CUBESATS MISSIONS","authors":"M. Pastena, N. Melega","doi":"10.1117/12.2597557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2597557","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":329457,"journal":{"name":"Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XXV","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128876417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copernicus CO2M mission: Status of the instrument suite for monitoring anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions from space","authors":"Y. Durand, G. Bazalgette Courrèges-Lacoste, C. Pachot, L. Boucher, A. Pasquet, B. Sierk, J. Bézy, Y. Meijer, V. Fernandez, Stefan Lesschaeve, D. Spilling, Antoine Dussaux, D. Serre, F. te Hennepe","doi":"10.1117/12.2599841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2599841","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":329457,"journal":{"name":"Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XXV","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125373619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Results from the HARP CubeSat polarimeter","authors":"J. Martins, B. McBride, Anin Puthukkudy, Noah Sienkiewics, Xiaoguang Xu, R. F. Borda, L. Remer","doi":"10.1117/12.2600408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2600408","url":null,"abstract":"The Hyper-Angular Rainbow Polarimeter (HARP) Cubesat started data collection in April 2020 from the ISS orbit and is the first Hyper-Angular imaging polarimeter in space. The HARP payload produces pushbroom images at four wavelengths (440, 550, 670 and 870nm) with up to 60 viewing angles at 670 nm and up to 20 along track angles for the other three wavelengths. HARP swath consists of 94 degs in the cross track direction, allowing for a very wide coverage around the globe, and +/-57 degs in the along track direction, providing wide scattering angle sampling for aerosol and cloud particle retrieval. The HARP satellite is still active on orbit and so far have produce a large collection of scenes providing an unprecedented demonstration of the hyperangular retrieval of cloud and aerosol properties from space. This presentation will discuss the performance of the HARP sensor in space, as well as its first results for aerosol and cloud measurements. HARP is preceded by its airborne version, the AirHARP instrument, which has flown in two NASA aircrafts to demonstrate the capabilities of the HARP payload. The HARP payload is also a precursor to the HARP-2 polarimeter that will fly on the NASA PACE mission to collect global data on aerosol and cloud particles.","PeriodicalId":329457,"journal":{"name":"Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XXV","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123432090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enabling CubeSat constellations to improve revisit times of microwave sounder/imagers: The TEMPEST-D mission providing global atmospheric science observations for nearly three years","authors":"S. Reising, W. Berg, V. Chandrasekar, T. Gaier, Shannon T. Brown, S. Padmanabhan, B. Lim, C. Kummerow, Y. Goncharenko, C. Radhakrishnan, Richard M. Schulte, M. Pallas, Doug Laczkowski, Nancy Gaytan, A. Bullard","doi":"10.1117/12.2599571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2599571","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":329457,"journal":{"name":"Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XXV","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127777507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New microwave radiometer technologies featured in the upcoming NASA TROPICS Pathfinder and Constellation Missions in 2021/2022","authors":"W. Blackwell","doi":"10.1117/12.2600441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2600441","url":null,"abstract":"The Time-Resolved Observations of Precipitation structure and storm Intensity with a Constellation of Smallsats (TROPICS) mission was selected by NASA as part of the Earth Venture--Instrument (EVI-3) program. The TROPICS Engineering Qualification Unit has been refurbished for flight, and a launch is planned for July 2021 on a SpaceX Falcon 9 to a 550-km sun synchronous orbit. This Pathfinder mission will provide risk reduction for the subsequent TROPICS constellation mission, which comprises six CubeSats in three low-Earth low-inclination orbital planes, with launches provided by Astra in early 2022. Each of these identical CubeSats will host a high performance radiometer to provide temperature profiles using seven channels near the 118.75 GHz oxygen absorption line, water vapor profiles using three channels near the 183 GHz water vapor absorption line, imagery in a single channel near 90 GHz for precipitation measurements (when combined with higher resolution water vapor channels), and a single channel at 205 GHz that is more sensitive to precipitation-sized ice particles. The TROPICS mission highlights a number of aspirations of future earth observing sysems, including high revisit rate, system resilience, rapid technology infusion, and low cost. This paper presents these elements with an eye toward future operational architectures for weather and climate monitoring.","PeriodicalId":329457,"journal":{"name":"Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XXV","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125135157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiometric and geometric calibration/validation of EPS-SG 3MI using natural targets","authors":"L. Landier, J. Nosavan, A. Rolland, T. Marbach, B. Fougnie, Margarita Vázquez Navarro","doi":"10.1117/12.2600202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2600202","url":null,"abstract":"The Multi-View, Multi-Channel, Multi-Polarisation Imaging (3MI) instrument is a passive scanning radiometer dedicated to aerosol characterisation, air quality and numerical weather prediction, as well as climate monitoring and more generally characterisation of the microphysical properties of the atmosphere, including clouds. The 3MI mission has heritage from the POLarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectances (POLDER) on-board the ADEOS and PARASOL satellites. Compared to POLDER, 3MI has improved spatial coverage, higher spatial resolution, and an expanded spectral range with more spectral bands in the reflective part of the spectrum, all bands being polarised (except absorption bands). It is scheduled for launch on the EPS-SG platform in 2024. \u0000 \u00003MI’s mission is to provide images of the Earth Top-Of-Atmosphere outgoing radiance for 12 different spectral bands (from 410nm to 2130nm), with 3 different polarisers (-60°, 0° and +60°), and 14 angles. The design consists of two optical heads (SWIR and VNIR) composed by a detector along with a filter and polariser rotating wheel and a wide field-of-view optics. The multi-view is achieved by several successive overlapping acquisitions of the same Earth-Atmosphere target under different angles thanks to the instrument large field of view. \u0000 \u0000Using the experience acquired for the POLDER missions, CNES is cooperating with EUMETSAT and is providing the necessary analysis and expertise for the in-flight calibration and/or validation of several key parameters, both for geometric and radiometric aspects. Here we present the different methodologies that will be used to achieve that goal.","PeriodicalId":329457,"journal":{"name":"Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XXV","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116075909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}