Journal of Plant Biology & Soil Health最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Nitrogen Rates on Leaf Quality of Two Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Varieties as a Feed for Eri-Silkworm (Samia Cynthia Ricini Boisduval) Cocoon Production at Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia","authors":"Nebiyu","doi":"10.13188/2331-8996.1000025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13188/2331-8996.1000025","url":null,"abstract":"Limited research efforts have been made on cassava leaf usage for rearing eri-silkworm in relation to nitrogen fertilizer management. Hence, field and laboratory experiments were conducted at Jimma University (Ela-dale Site) during 2016 with the objective of determining the effect of nitrogen on leaf quality and identifying appropriate cassava variety for better leaf quality as a feed for Eri-silkworm performance. A 2x5 factorial experiment arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was used. The treatments consisted of two cassava varieties (Kello and Qulle) and five levels of N (0,40,80,120 and 160 kg N ha-1) as Urea. For the laboratory experiment, to rear eri-silkworm, cassava leaves harvested from the field experiment (10 plots) were arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications and their effect on Eri-silkworm performance assessed in terms of larval, cocoon, and post cocoon traits. Data were collected on growth attributes, leaf proximate analysis of cassava, eri-silkworms larval, and cocoon and post cocoon traits. Variety and nitrogen had variable in both laboratory and fields experiment including biochemical composition of leaves. Variety Kello was found to be superior compared to Qulle by revealing a silkworm rearing performance indicators of hatchability (90.23%), fecundity (366.2 eggs/female), shorter larval duration (18.46 days), better larval weight (6.27 gm), survival rate (92.66%), cocoon weight (3.44 gm), single shell weight (0.47 gm), pupal weight (2.96 gm) and effective rate of rearing (89%). Application of 160 kg N ha-1 gave highest hatchability (93.85%), fecundity (384.83 eggs per female), larval weight (6.5 gm), shell weight (0.51 gm), cocoon weight (3.66 gm), pupal weight (3.15 gm) and shortest larval duration (17.333 days). In terms of biochemical composition, kello leaves had higher moisture content (0.438%), ash (18.541%) and crude fat (16.69%). Higher crude fiber (16.248%) and total carbohydrate (27.234%) were obtained from Qulle variety. 160 kg N ha-1 gave the highest moisture (0.467%) and the lowest crude fiber (14.123% ). The highest leaf nitrogen content (4.802%) and crude protein (30.012%) was gained from the combination of kello and 160 kg N ha-1. In conclusion, variety Kello and 160 kg N ha-1 can be used for higher leaf yield, leaf quality and cocoon yield. Introduction In Ethiopia, agricultural production is of a subsistence nature. The agricultural production system is mainly rain fed and traditional, which is characterized by low input of improved seeds, fertilizer, pesticides and other technologies [1]. Poverty and increasing population pressure led to decline in land holding per household that eventually resulted in low level of production to meet even the consumption requirement of the households [2]. Poverty reduction and Increases in the unemployment rate due to increases in the population, therefore, requires income generation activities like mass re","PeriodicalId":329271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Biology & Soil Health","volume":"326 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113966966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, Characterization and Genetic Studies on Isolates of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria in Egyptian Calcareous Soils","authors":"NF Hemeda, E. Belal, Serag, Am","doi":"10.13188/2331-8996.1000024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13188/2331-8996.1000024","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorous (P) is an essential nutrient element and plays an important role in plant growth and development, it mostly presented in form unavailable for plants. Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) can be successfully used for solubilizing such forms rendering them available for plants. Thirty-two PSB strains were isolated on a Pikovskaya (PKV) agar medium containing Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP) and examined for plant growth promoting effects. A high portion of isolates (68.8%) produced Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) in contents ranging from 5 to 15 μgmL-1 and 12.5% produced salicylic acid (SA) in contents < 100 μgmL-1 while 50.0% fixed gaseous N2 nitrogen in medium deprived completely of nitrogen. A portion of 28.1% produced cellulose enzyme and 15.6% produced chitinase enzyme. In vitro tests showed that isolates were capable in controlling some fungus plant pathogens and isolates were resistance to some adverse conditions involving pH, temperature and salinity. Use of 16s rDNA analysis and other procedures showed that the most 3 effective isolates were Bacillus megaterium-MH142578, Acinetobacter lwoffii-MH142579 and Acinetobacter lwoffii-MH142580. The results of cluster analysis (Similarity index) showed that were high and low similar values between the bacterial genera under studies.","PeriodicalId":329271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Biology & Soil Health","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124391123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}