{"title":"Lifestyle Entrepreneurs","authors":"J. G. L. Dantas, F. Valente","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1981-3.ch011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1981-3.ch011","url":null,"abstract":"Motivations play a critical role in setting up new organizations. Traditionally, the reasons to start a new business are mainly economic in nature. More recently, some researchers argue that some people, designated lifestyle entrepreneurs, decide to create new businesses on the grounds of personal fulfilment. This chapter aims to identify the most important motivations of lifestyle entrepreneurs and their relation with the factors that this type of entrepreneurs use to measure the success of their businesses. In order to achieve these objectives a qualitative methodology was adopted, based on the case study approach. The analysis of the cases suggests that this type of entrepreneurs are, first of all, motivated by a desire to live in a certain way and they measure their success according to the achievement of their goal, without neglecting the economic, environmental, and social sustainability of their businesses.","PeriodicalId":324435,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Approaches to Alternative Entrepreneurship Opportunities","volume":"200 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127049337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alternatives to Capitalism","authors":"R. Antolín-López, Ana Lopez-Cruz","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1981-3.ch013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1981-3.ch013","url":null,"abstract":"The seriousness of current social and environmental problems implies that a real transition towards sustainable development is only possible through collaborative actions between actors and organizations. However, most of the research continues to focus on the actions of individual sustainable entrepreneurs with little evidence on business models triggered by collective entrepreneurship. This chapter aims to analyze the role of emerging pro-social collective organizations that aim to offer alternatives to capitalism, that is, an alternative to organizations that only seek to maximize economic revenues at the expense of social and environmental deterioration. Specifically, the chapter analyzes the business models of three sustainable cooperatives in Spain that have initiated a movement that promotes social well-being and environmental concern through collective business models that rely heavily on social media to gain exposure and attract followers to their cause in different strategic sectors. The cooperatives subject of this study are Som Energia, Som Conexió, and Som Mobilitat.","PeriodicalId":324435,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Approaches to Alternative Entrepreneurship Opportunities","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132126754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social Entrepreneurship","authors":"Irene Ciccarino, S. Rodrigues","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1981-3.ch012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1981-3.ch012","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter seeks to understand what motivates an investment in a social entrepreneurial initiative (SEI), in order to easy the fit between investors goals and the SEI proposals. It provides a benchmark for investors and a guide for entrepreneurs through the identification of the most valued investment criteria. Data were collected online between March and May 2019 from Schawb foundation, Skoll foundation, Ashoka and Yunus Social Business. It was analyzed by content analysis. The results obtained corroborate previous literature review as well as highlighted different perspectives, suggesting further research for a better understanding where theory can improve practice. This study contributes to a theoretical consolidation of social entrepreneurship research field by means of the identification of common points among the practice of global organizations and the theory. Exploring social entrepreneurship is important because it is a new way of doing business and delivering social value and maybe the better bet to achieving a more sustainable society.","PeriodicalId":324435,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Approaches to Alternative Entrepreneurship Opportunities","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128680379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Entrepreneurship Education","authors":"Helena Isabel Barroso Saraiva, Teresa Paiva","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1981-3.ch001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1981-3.ch001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents a reflection on the trends of the role assumed by entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education over the last decades, namely from the seventies of the twentieth century until today. The evolution of the concept, the adopted theories, and the change on entrepreneurship concept are analysed in the light of institutional theory. The authors begin with a brief review on institutional theory as a way to conceptualize the role of entrepreneurship in the near future. Then they present a brief systematization of the perspectives in which entrepreneurship is currently framed. Finally, they address the main possible lines of future developments for entrepreneurship, in particular as regards the aforementioned role of public policy promoter.","PeriodicalId":324435,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Approaches to Alternative Entrepreneurship Opportunities","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128413632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}