Heavy Metals - Their Environmental Impacts and Mitigation最新文献

筛选

英文中文

Occurrence and Impact of Heavy Metals on Some Water, Land, Flora and Fauna Resources across Southwestern Nigeria 尼日利亚西南部一些水、土地、动植物资源中重金属的发生及影响

Heavy Metals - Their Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.94982

Olufemi Joseph Akinnifesi, F. Adesina, G. Ogunwole, S. Abiya

{"title":"Occurrence and Impact of Heavy Metals on Some Water, Land, Flora and Fauna Resources across Southwestern Nigeria","authors":"Olufemi Joseph Akinnifesi, F. Adesina, G. Ogunwole, S. Abiya","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.94982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94982","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid urbanization and industrialization in communities of Nigeria contribute significantly to environmental pollution. Amongst the diversity of these environmental contaminants are heavy metals, a rarely biodegradable and toxic class of metals. Heavy metals are known to be harmful to plants, aquatic species, and subsequently endanger human health through bioaccumulation or biomagnification. Even at low concentrations, heavy metals may affect key soil microbial processes; inhibit plant metabolism and growth. Toxic metals in groundwater affect water quality and potability, and their presence in aquatic systems also facilitate the production of reactive oxygen species that can damage physiological processes in fishes and other aquatic organisms. This chapter highlights the occurrence and impact of heavy metals in different environmental matrices and organisms sampled across some Southwestern states in Nigeria. Various studies including those of the authors found varying levels of heavy metals, especially in concentrations that can imperil ecosystem functions. While results of studies included in this chapter may suggest heavy metal introduction through anthropogenic-urbanization means, the lack of proper implementation of environmental monitoring laws in Nigeria also clearly exist. As such, the mitigation of heavy metals amongst other pollutants demands better home-grown decentralized technologies.","PeriodicalId":324070,"journal":{"name":"Heavy Metals - Their Environmental Impacts and Mitigation","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122390848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Metallothioneins: Diverse Protein Family to Bind Metallic Ions 金属硫蛋白:结合金属离子的多种蛋白家族

Heavy Metals - Their Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.97658

E. Parameswari, T. Ilakiya, V. Davamani, Periasami Kalaiselvi, S. Paul Sebastian

{"title":"Metallothioneins: Diverse Protein Family to Bind Metallic Ions","authors":"E. Parameswari, T. Ilakiya, V. Davamani, Periasami Kalaiselvi, S. Paul Sebastian","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.97658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97658","url":null,"abstract":"Metallothionein’s (MTs) are the lower molecular weight (6-7 kDa) proteins that are found to be present in almost all organism types ranging from prokaryotes to eukaryotes species. MT are the metal detecting proteins that can mitigate the effect caused by the excess metal ions. They are also found to be involved in cellular process such as cell growth regulation, ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) and DNA repair. The protein was termed as Metallothionein due to the unusual higher metal (metallo) and the sulfur (thiol) content. They are further grouped into 3 classes viz., class I, II and III. The Class I and II MTs are polypeptides that were obtained from direct gene products, the class III MTs are from the cysteine-rich non-translational molecules that are termed as phytochelatins. The metal ions are been sequestered through the MTs with Cys rich motifs. All the cysteines are present in the reduced form and are been co-ordinated through the mercaptide bonds. The cysteines present in the MTs are preserved across the species, it is supposed that, cysteines are essential for the function and the MTs are required for the life. Metallothionins structure, conservation in evolution, their ubiquitous nature of occurrence, the genes redundancy and the programmed MTs synthesis in development, regeneration and reproduction of living organisms are some of the weighty arguments in suspecting MTs to also serve others and perhaps the high particular metal-related cellular roles. In this chapter, there is a detailed discussion about Metallothionein its structure, occurrence and function.","PeriodicalId":324070,"journal":{"name":"Heavy Metals - Their Environmental Impacts and Mitigation","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128323579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Rare Earth Elements Biorecovery from Mineral Ores and Industrial Wastes 矿物和工业废料中稀土元素的生物回收

Heavy Metals - Their Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.94594

Laura Castro, M. Luisa Blázquez, F. González, Jesús A. Muñoz

引用次数: 0