Elements of Knowledge最新文献

Pragmatism and Choice 实用主义与选择

Elements of Knowledge Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv16757bj.10

引用次数: 0

Logic and Creativity 逻辑和创造力

Elements of Knowledge Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv16757bj.8

引用次数: 0

Deduction and Induction 演绎与归纳

Elements of Knowledge Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv16757bj.9

Leong Yu Kiang

{"title":"Deduction and Induction","authors":"Leong Yu Kiang","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv16757bj.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv16757bj.9","url":null,"abstract":"It is generally known that mathematics is deductive in nature in contrast to the inductive nature of science as exemplified by, for instance, physics. That is to say, a mathematician draws a specific conclusion from a set of general premisses (or axioms and postulates) while a physicist draws a general conclusion from a set of premisses based on experimental observations. What is perhaps not so widely known is that in mathematics there is an inductive process which operates on two levels. On the first level, it is somewhat similar to experimentation in which calculations are made and special cases studied in the hope of discovering or gathering sufficient evidence for a general pattern. On the other (higher) level, it is a rigorous process of reasoning which establishes the truth of a general conclusion adduced to usually by particular cases or sometimes by inspired guess work (more respectfully referred to as intuition). The processes of induction and deduction represent two divergent paths of reasoning. The purpose of this article is not to delve into the precise meani,ng of these two processes nor to discover their logical connections. Rather, we shall give concrete examples to illustrate, if not to illuminate upon, the nature of these important thought processes.","PeriodicalId":323924,"journal":{"name":"Elements of Knowledge","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130246825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Common Sense and Learning 常识与学习

Elements of Knowledge Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv16757bj.6

引用次数: 0

What Is Pragmatism, and What Is Its Value? 什么是实用主义，实用主义的价值是什么?

Elements of Knowledge Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv16757bj.5

引用次数: 0

Abbreviations and Editorial Practices 缩略语和编辑实践

Elements of Knowledge Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv16757bj.4

引用次数: 0

Index 指数

Elements of Knowledge Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv16757bj.12