Ser-17_2023-3最新文献

Indicators of the biological cycle of 90Sr in birch forests of the Bryansk region 30 years aft er the Chernobyl fallout 切尔诺贝利核泄漏后30年布良斯克地区白桦林90Sr生物循环指标

Ser-17_2023-3 Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-83-92

O. Tsvetnova, A. Shcheglov, I. A. Grabeklis

{"title":"Indicators of the biological cycle of 90Sr in birch forests of the Bryansk region 30 years aft er the Chernobyl fallout","authors":"O. Tsvetnova, A. Shcheglov, I. A. Grabeklis","doi":"10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-83-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-83-92","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper, the features of the biological cycle of 90Sr in the birch forests of the Bryansk region in the remote period\u0000aft er the Chernobyl fallout are discussed. Specific activity and inventories of 90Sr in soil, diff erent structures and types\u0000of tree and herbaceous-shrubby stories, higher fungi, and litter are given. It is shown that at present the major part\u0000of 90Sr in the contaminated birch forests of the Bryansk Polesie is accumulated in the soil (82,3%), of which about\u000071% is in the mineral soil horizons. The biota contains only 17,7% of the total radionuclide inventory with maximum\u0000values in the tree story. Th e contribution of herbaceous-shrubby vegetation and higher fungi is small, <0,5%. In birch\u0000forests 3,07 kBq·m-2 90Sr is involved in the biological cycle, which is about 3% of its total stock in the ecosystem and\u0000approximately corresponds to the radioactive decay of this radionuclide. The main part of the 90Sr goes for formation\u0000of annual growth of the stand, while the contribution of higher fungi to the cycle exceeds the contribution of the\u0000herbaceous-shrubby layer. Th e 90Sr return to soil is lower (48,2%) than its fi xation in annual biomass growth (51,8%).","PeriodicalId":322085,"journal":{"name":"Ser-17_2023-3","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125782315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NUMBER OF BACTERIA IN HAPLIC CHERNOZEM CONTAMINATED BY PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AFTER AMELIORATION 石油烃污染单面黑钙土改良后细菌数量

Ser-17_2023-3 Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-65-75

T. Minnikova, A. Ruseva, S. Kolesnikov, D. Trufanov

{"title":"NUMBER OF BACTERIA IN HAPLIC CHERNOZEM CONTAMINATED BY PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AFTER AMELIORATION","authors":"T. Minnikova, A. Ruseva, S. Kolesnikov, D. Trufanov","doi":"10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-65-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-65-75","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteria are a sensitive indicator of the state of the soil contaminated with oil and oil products. After the intro-duction of ameliorants, the oil content in the soil changes, which affects the number of bacteria. The aim is to estimate the number of bacteria in petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated Haplic Chernozem after amelioration. Biochar, sodium humate, nitroammophos, and microbiological fertilizer «Baikal EM-1» were added to petroleum hydrocarbons-contaminated Haplic Chernozem (5% petroleum hydrocarbons by weight of soil). After 90 days of the experiment, the number of bacteria in the soil was estimated by the total number of bacteria, determined by the method of luminescent microscopy, the number of actinomycetes, amylolytic and ammonifying bacteria, determined by the method of inoculation on solid nutrient media. The integral indicator of the number of bacteria (IINB) of the soil was calculated before and after the application of ameliorants. When introducing biochar, it is possible to use the total number of bacteria to assess the ecological state of the soil, with nitroammophoska — the number of ammonifying bacteria, sodium humate — the number of actinomycetes, «Baikal EM-1» — the number of amylolytic bacteria. According to the IINB of soils, the most effective dose for remediation with nitroammo-phoska, biochar, and Baikal EM-1 is D0.5, and for remediation with sodium humate, D2. It is advisable to use the results of the study in biodiagnostics and monitoring the state of petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated Haplic Chernozem after amelioration.","PeriodicalId":322085,"journal":{"name":"Ser-17_2023-3","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129294705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

THE PRACTICE OF DETERMINING THE AGE OF FALLOW BASED ON THE PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT OF POSTAGROGENIC SUCCESSION 根据农业后演替的发展模式确定休耕年龄的实践

Ser-17_2023-3 Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-28-35

M. V. Dabakhov, E. Dabakhova

{"title":"THE PRACTICE OF DETERMINING THE AGE OF FALLOW BASED ON THE PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT OF POSTAGROGENIC SUCCESSION","authors":"M. V. Dabakhov, E. Dabakhova","doi":"10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-28-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-28-35","url":null,"abstract":"One of the tasks set when establishing the fact of inappropriate use of agricultural land in the framework of law enforcement practice is to determine the period of non-use of land for agricultural purposes. As the most accessible methods that can be used to determine the age of a fallow in the absence of documented data on the history of the land plot and aerial and space survey materials is the study of the vegetation cover formed on the studied sites during the postagrogenic succession and the transformation of the arable horizon.In the course of a study conducted on the territory of agricultural lands located within the Kurgan region, it was found that the exact determination of the period of non-use of land is possible using dendrochronology methods in the presence of trees on the site. In addition, the study of the species composition of grassy vegetation allowed us to identify a number of communities belonging to the successive stages of development of postagrogenic succession: weedy, the stage of rhizomatous cereals, the stage of transition from rhizomatous to loose-turf cereal grasses, how-ever, it is not possible to accurately determine the duration of these stages. At the same time, a comparative analysis of the species composition of various areas of grassy vegetation, as well as the thickness and composition of the sod, allows us to establish the similarity of two or more sites, one of which has woody vegetation, which is a marker of the age of the fallow and in neighboring areas. Th us, the main feature that allows you to determine the age of a fallow on the land plot is the age of the existing woody vegetation. As an additional feature that allows determining a single contour of a deposit of a certain age, the species composition of the herbaceous biocenosis, the degree of development and the composition of the sod can be used.","PeriodicalId":322085,"journal":{"name":"Ser-17_2023-3","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121874440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ASSESSMENT OF THE LAND DEGRADATION NEUTRALITY IN THE SAMARA REGION BY GLOBAL AND REGIONAL INDICATORS 利用全球和区域指标评估萨马拉区域土地退化中性

Ser-17_2023-3 Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-16-27

M. Belyaeva, G. Kust, O. Andreeva

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE LAND DEGRADATION NEUTRALITY IN THE SAMARA REGION BY GLOBAL AND REGIONAL INDICATORS","authors":"M. Belyaeva, G. Kust, O. Andreeva","doi":"10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-16-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-16-27","url":null,"abstract":"The assessment of land degradation neutrality (LDN) is used to characterize the achievement of the UN Sustain-able Development Goal 15 (SDG), Target 15.3 — «to combat desertification, restore degraded lands and soils» by individual countries and regions. The article presents the calculation of land degradation neutrality for agricultural territories of the Samara region using global indicators (dynamics of land productivity, dynamics of land cover, dynamics of soil organic carbon) and regional ones, such as yield, erosion, content of mobile forms of potassium and phosphorus in the soil. The Trends.Earth tool presented on the Quantum GIS was used to calculate the first two global indicators platform. The evaluation of the remaining indicators was carried out using stock data and data from the agrochemical service. According to the results land degradation neutrality was not achieved in the agricultural territories of the Samara region. The indicator of SDG 15.3.1 («the proportion of land that is degraded over total land area») is 78,61%, and the LDN index is –57,22%. The main process leading to a negative LDN index is water erosion, which leads to a decrease in the levels of indicators such as land productivity and humus content.","PeriodicalId":322085,"journal":{"name":"Ser-17_2023-3","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122169925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MOBILE FORMS OF HEAVY METALS IN TYPICAL CHERNOZEM OF THE BASHKORTOSTAN REPUBLIC, CONTAMINATED WITH OIL AND SODIUM CHLORIDE, UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF A FIELD EXPERIMENT 在田间试验条件下，受石油和氯化钠污染的巴什科尔托斯坦共和国典型黑钙土中重金属的流动形态

Ser-17_2023-3 Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-93-102

E. A. Timofeeva, A. S. Molodtsova

引用次数: 0

KINETIC ASSESSMENT OF BIODEGRADABILITY IN GEL-FORMING SOIL CONDITIONERS BASED ON BOD ANALYSIS 基于bod分析的凝胶型土壤调理剂生物降解动力学评价

Ser-17_2023-3 Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-36-49

A. Smagin, N. Sadovnikova, K. Korchagina, E. A. Belyaeva

{"title":"KINETIC ASSESSMENT OF BIODEGRADABILITY IN GEL-FORMING SOIL CONDITIONERS BASED ON BOD ANALYSIS","authors":"A. Smagin, N. Sadovnikova, K. Korchagina, E. A. Belyaeva","doi":"10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-36-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-36-49","url":null,"abstract":"Biodegradation is one of the main factors limiting the efficiency and service life of gel-forming soil conditioners. The study quantifies this process using laboratory analysis of biological oxygen uptake (BOD) in innovative composite superabsorbents with an acrylic polymer matrix, amphiphilic agents (humates, peat) and silver ions as an inhibitor of biological activity. A simple kinetic model of BOD is proposed to standardize the analysis and calculation of the half-life of polymers after their incubation in precision VELP respirometers (Italy). The half-life of hydrogels swollen in distilled water (1:100) at a temperature of 30°C varied in the range from 0,8±0,2 to 2,4±1,6 years. The addition of an aqueous extract from compost sharply enhances biodegradation and reduces the half-life of hydrogels up to 40–60 days. Doses of 0,1–1% silver in a polymer matrix or 10-100 ppm in swollen hydrogels increase their half-life by 5–20 times. The new methodological approach makes it possible to fully automatically evaluate the biodegradation of gel–forming polymers in laboratory conditions, however, for stable materials with a half-life of more than 2,5–3 years, the accuracy of manometric BOD analyzers is insufficient for a statistically reliable assessment of the kinetics of biodegradation even in long (120 days) incubation experiments.","PeriodicalId":322085,"journal":{"name":"Ser-17_2023-3","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114628584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

INFLUENCE OF RHISOSPHERIC BACTERIA ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF WHEAT PLANTS AND THE INPUT OF ELEMENTS FROM POLLUTED SOILS 根际细菌对小麦植株生产力及污染土壤元素输入的影响

Ser-17_2023-3 Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-76-82

I. O. Plekhanova, V. Kulikov, V. Shabaev

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF RHISOSPHERIC BACTERIA ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF WHEAT PLANTS AND THE INPUT OF ELEMENTS FROM POLLUTED SOILS","authors":"I. O. Plekhanova, V. Kulikov, V. Shabaev","doi":"10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-76-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-3-76-82","url":null,"abstract":"The results of a vegetation experiment on the humus horizon of soddy-podzolic sandy loamy soil (Albic Retisol), which was contaminated with heavy metals as a re sult of sewage sludge as a fertilize r, are presented. The soil was used for growing vegetables and forage grasses but has been abandoned for the last 10 years. In the experiment, the effect of rhizospheric bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas on biomass and the entry of micro- and heavy metals into the vegetative organs and root system of spring wheat plants was studied. Under the influence of inoculation with bacteria, the biomass of wheat plants increased by 10–12% and the content of the main macro- and microelements in plants changed. The content of Ca, K, Mg, Na and P decreased by 1,5–2 times in the vegetative part of wheat plants inoculated with P. fluorescens 21 and P. putida 23. The content of macroelements in wheat roots changed little, but the ratio between the content of elements increased in roots and vegetative parts of plants. The distribution of the content of trace elements and HMs was much more contrasting: the content of Cd in the roots of wheat plants exceeded that in the vegetative part of plants by 9 times without treatment with bacteria and by 18 and 11 times aft er inoculation with P. fluorescens 21 and P. putida 23, and in variants with P. fl uorescens 20 by 7 times. A decrease in the content of Cd in the vegetative part of wheat plants was noted, by 2 times upon inoculation with P. fluorescens 21 and by 1,5 times for variants with P. putida 23. The content of Zn in the aerial parts of plants also decreased upon inoculation with P. fluorescens 21 and by 1,8 times for variants with and P. putida 23 by 1,4 times. An increase in the ratio of the content of elements in the roots and vegetative mass of plants indicates an increase in the resistance of plants to the toxic effect of heavy metals and the barrier function of the roots.","PeriodicalId":322085,"journal":{"name":"Ser-17_2023-3","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133171343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0