{"title":"Artificial Intelligence’s Novel “Mind-Reading” Capabilities through Neuroscience: A Challenge for Mind-Body Dualism?","authors":"Yoshija Walter","doi":"10.1142/s2705078524500036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2705078524500036","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores a philosophical problem at the intersection of neuroscience and artificial intelligence (AI), and the potential impact of these novel AI “mind-reading” technologies on various forms of mind–body dualism, including substance, interaction, property, predicate, and emergent dualisms. It critically examines how AI’s ability to interpret and predict mental states from neural patterns challenges traditional dualistic theories, which have historically posited distinct relationships between the mind and body. The paper analyzes each dualistic theory in the context of AI advancements. Substance and interaction dualisms are scrutinized for their claims of mind–body independence and causal interaction, respectively, in light of AI’s capabilities to correlate mental and physical states. Property dualism’s assertion of unique mental properties emerging from physical processes is tested against AI’s potential to map mental phenomena to brain activity. Predicate dualism’s linguistic and conceptual distinction between mental and physical realms is challenged by AI’s ability to bridge these domains. Similarly, emergent dualism, which views mental states as novel phenomena, confronts the possibility of their reduction to physical brain processes. Despite these challenges, the paper argues for the adaptability of dualistic theories to integrate AI insights, suggesting a re-evaluation rather than a negation of dualism. It highlights the enduring relevance of philosophical inquiry into the nature of consciousness and mind–body relationships in the age of AI, suggesting that such technological advancements invigorate rather than terminate the philosophical debate.","PeriodicalId":321955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Consciousness","volume":" 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141368427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taking into Account Sentient Non-Humans in AI Ambitious Value Learning: Sentientist Coherent Extrapolated Volition","authors":"Adrià R. Moret","doi":"10.1142/s2705078523500042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2705078523500042","url":null,"abstract":"Ambitious value learning proposals to solve the AI alignment problem and avoid catastrophic outcomes from a possible future misaligned Artificial Superintelligence (ASI), such as Coherent Extrapolated Volition (CEV), have focused on ensuring that an Artificial Superintelligence would try to do what humans would want it to do. However, present and future sentient non-humans, such as non-human animals and possible future digital minds, could also be affected by the ASI’s behavior in morally relevant ways. This paper puts forward Sentientist Coherent Extrapolated Volition, an alternative to CEV, that directly takes into account the interests of all sentient beings. This ambitious value learning proposal would significantly reduce the likelihood of risks of astronomical suffering from the ASI’s behavior, and thus we have very strong pro-tanto moral reasons in favor of implementing it instead of the CEV. This fact is crucial in conducting an adequate cost–benefit analysis between different ambitious value learning proposals.","PeriodicalId":321955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Consciousness","volume":"1655 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139232511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interactions Between Humans, Cyborgs, and Artificial Consciousness Modeled Through Operators and Function Spaces","authors":"F. Ruette","doi":"10.1142/s2705078523500017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2705078523500017","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a mathematical model based on operators and function spaces (Hilbert space) to better understand consciousness and the relationship between human and artificial consciousness (AC). Scientific understanding of the relationships between human consciousness (HC) and AC may shed new light on the future of HC and AC. This mathematical physical model considers general models of external and internal realities. Some schemes using external reality, senses or sensors, body-brain or computer software, internal reality, and HC or AC are discussed. The cyclic interaction of the internal reality maintains on time through decision-making (consciousness) and body-brain operators seem to be the origin of consciousness. An analysis of the importance of the AC and cyborg consciousnesses (CC) in the interaction with HC is also presented. It is concluded that the creation of CC and AC will allow the study of HC through experimentation by the evaluation of functions of emotion (values, feelings, penalties, and rewards) demanded by those consciousnesses. This will result in the transformation of the HC.","PeriodicalId":321955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Consciousness","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124788095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}