New Structural Policy in an Open Market Economy最新文献

{"title":"What is the Future of the Global Economy?","authors":"A. Nowak","doi":"10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.WWZ.10.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.WWZ.10.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":321822,"journal":{"name":"New Structural Policy in an Open Market Economy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130090127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poland on the Route of the Chinese Silk Road: A Chance for Development or Just a Challenge?","authors":"Bogdan J. Góralczyk","doi":"10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.WWZ.10.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.WWZ.10.11","url":null,"abstract":"The two Chinese Silk Roads going to Europe, announced in autumn 2013, surprised not only European and global political elites, but academic circles as well. This unprecedented project or vision of Chinese President Xi Jinping draws attention with its spectacular scale and range. It is the proof of China’s rebirth as a power and of its global ambitions. The aim of this study is to show how the project is referred to by the elite of the European Union countries, the region of Central and Eastern Europe, involved in the other Chinese strategy, 16+1, and by Poland, which found itself directly on the land route. What did Poland do with this opportunity? The analysis shows that relatively little – despite the noticeable Chinese presence and interests located here. Therefore, the Silk Roads remain a rather untapped potential opportunity for Warsaw than a real new development opportunity. To change this, a political will is required which seems to be lacking on the Polish side.","PeriodicalId":321822,"journal":{"name":"New Structural Policy in an Open Market Economy","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121322826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secular Structural Processes. Unexpected Results","authors":"A. Sopoćko","doi":"10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.wwz.10.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.wwz.10.4","url":null,"abstract":"The economies of individual countries are increasingly integrated with their near – in terms of the main partners in foreign trade – and far environment, that is with countries supplying specific goods, necessary for production. It is impossible to run a business without constant analysis of what is happening outside the country, without keeping an eye even upon very distant areas. This fact is of fundamental importance for any economic policy. The processes taking place in the world economy system must be the starting point for any actions, both adaptive and protective against unfavorable events and processes (e.g. the flood of plastic garbage, transfer prices, etc.). These dependencies limit the scope of the state’s activity, requiring a deep analysis of areas where its involvement is possible and effective. The experience of the old structural policy proves that direct interventions in the sphere of production don’t have any potential left for the future. The issue of where it is possible now to accelerate the development through the influence of the state is one of subjects considered in this book. This part concerns one of the processes that seems to be viewed as a means of regulating activities. It is not so much a part of the economy as it is rather an area of social relations caused by economic mechanisms. This is a problem of growing property and social disproportions that cannot be reconciled with contemporary crucial values such as democracy and social solidarity. Counteracting this phenomenon is not the subject of the analysis presented here. That could be the next stage of work. Here, instead, the task is limited to answering the question: what and why contributes in the economy to the formation of income disparities. The author attempts to determine the reasons for the rich getting even richer and for the systematic reduction of the middle class in terms of income earned, embedded in the production mechanism itself. Particular emphasis was placed on inquiring how the processes of digitization, automation and application of artificial intelligence contributed to aggravation of this phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":321822,"journal":{"name":"New Structural Policy in an Open Market Economy","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127058133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A European Policy Agenda in and for the New Global Economy","authors":"H. Sander","doi":"10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.wwz.10.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.wwz.10.3","url":null,"abstract":"After almost thirty years of hyper-globalization, the global economic integration process has plateaued after the global financial crisis of 2008/09. However, this article argues that it is premature to announce globalization’s death. Rather, it posits that globalization is changing its character. Key features of the “new global economy” explored are: digitalization, the rise of superstar firms, the rise of emerging economies, and the changing geography of global finance. At the same time, the distributional consequences of both hyper-globalization of the past and the key structures of the new global economy have the potential of undermining political support of globalization and have been linked to the rise in populism in advanced countries. Taking into account the political challenges emanating from globalization, the article finishes by discussing policy options for the European Union. It argues, that is not enough to address the economic and distributional issues efficiently, but that is also urgent to rebalance and democratize EU governance to give Europe the legitimization and, hence, the credibility to act globally in support of a just and stable global economy.","PeriodicalId":321822,"journal":{"name":"New Structural Policy in an Open Market Economy","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122342210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal Environment for Foreign Investments in Poland","authors":"Beata Kozłowska-Chyła","doi":"10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.WWZ.10.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.WWZ.10.9","url":null,"abstract":"Free movement of capital and free movement of broadly understood goods and services has been exercised by nation states through several legal instruments which both determine and reflect a level of a given state’s openness to involvement of foreign business entities therein. Specifically, such instruments regulate an extent to which foreign firms may undertake and carry on business activities, employ people, make investments, trade in real estates, trade in foreign currencies, etc. The body of legal regulations making regulatory framework for business activity of foreign entities within a given country has been an element which defines the level of access to that specific market, the level of its internationalization and liberalization. The aim of this article is to analyze regulations of Polish law in the area of legal conditions of undertaking and running business activities on the territory of the Republic of Poland by foreign persons and businesses. The subject is especially topical nowadays, in the context of changes brought in that area by the recent Business Constitution.","PeriodicalId":321822,"journal":{"name":"New Structural Policy in an Open Market Economy","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117214228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of Capital Against the Middle Income Trap","authors":"K. Ryć","doi":"10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.WWZ.10.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.WWZ.10.5","url":null,"abstract":"Developing countries now significantly advanced in development, which include Poland, have much lower productivity of production factors, including workforce productivity. Among the reasons for that, essential is the unfavorable division of labor in the global value creation chain. Such a condition in the post-socialist countries results from several important factors, among them accelerated privatization, mainly with the participation of foreign capital, as well as the structure of foreign direct investments. The national economy is dominated by foreign corporations that invested labor-intensive production processes in these countries, using cheap labor. The subordinate role of local production has been strengthened by the globalization process. These countries may be caught in the trap of medium development, and currently operate in a peculiar lower league of the world economy. The inferior role of local subcontractors is due to the fact that they do not participate in the capital ownership of companies and thus have little influence on the power of international corporations. Improving their position requires an active policy of states, including the control of gross capital flow structure.","PeriodicalId":321822,"journal":{"name":"New Structural Policy in an Open Market Economy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129244654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free Trade or Unfettered National/Corporate Interest?","authors":"Kenneth L. Friedman, R. Taplin","doi":"10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.wwz.10.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.wwz.10.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":321822,"journal":{"name":"New Structural Policy in an Open Market Economy","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115078478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Process of Catching up with the Economic Development of OECD Countries and the Role of Foreign Direct Investment in this Process","authors":"M. Górski, Patrycja Chodnicka-Jaworska","doi":"10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.wwz.10.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.wwz.10.8","url":null,"abstract":"The article consists of two parts. In part one we describe the level of economic development of 51 countries associated with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in terms of their GDP per capita. We suggest dividing these countries into three groups: highly, moderately, and least developed. Then, using the average annual growth rate in the period 2005–2016, we distinguish countries: developing, in stagnation, and in recession. Combining these two variables, we propose to distinguish 7 subgroups of countries: from highly developed fleeing, through highly developed stable and caught up countries to the countries medium and least developed that are catching up. In part two of the article we analyze foreign direct investment (FDI) in global terms, OECD countries, and the European Union (EU); in particular we examine capital flows between the previously specified three (high, medium and least developed) groups of OECD countries. Finally, we present regression models confirming the positive feedback between FDI and economic growth. They testify to the pro-cyclical impact of foreign direct investment.","PeriodicalId":321822,"journal":{"name":"New Structural Policy in an Open Market Economy","volume":"125 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124742937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of the New Structural Economics for Modernization and Increasing the Innovativeness of the Polish Economy","authors":"Grzegorz Jędrzejczak, Henryk Sterniczuk","doi":"10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.wwz.10.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.wwz.10.7","url":null,"abstract":"Ultimately, the deciding factor for Poland’s modernization success will be the pro-modernization attitude of business entities, employees, and consumers (hence, the whole society). The New Structural Economics Apparatus can be helpful in strengthening the role of the state in meeting the challenges the Polish economy is facing, but we must be aware that the application of NSE may face many serious challenges and limitations. First of all, large companies essential to create an innovative development coalition are either owned by foreign corporations or remain state property. Secondly, few Polish small and medium-sized enterprises have grown enough to be able to undertake the effort of global competition. Thirdly, the society, including business entities, is suspicious of state institutions, and the state is very distrustful about public-private projects. Fourthly and finally, Poles after years of scarcity want to consume rather than save, thus they are hardly prone to promises to improve the future standard of living in exchange for disciplined serving the interests of the state and corporations.","PeriodicalId":321822,"journal":{"name":"New Structural Policy in an Open Market Economy","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131037721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can States Be Turned into Automotive Innovation Hubs?","authors":"Michał Kurtyka","doi":"10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.wwz.10.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7172/978-83-65402-92-9.2018.wwz.10.10","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the hypothesis that in the face of the overlap of four trends that will shape the future of the automotive industry: autonomy, urbanization, digitization, and electrification, achieving success in the automotive industry in the coming years will require synergistic cooperation between the private and public sectors. In the context of global competition encompassing not only individual enterprises but also entire ecosystems, countries will have to rethink their ability to provide added value to their economies. On the example of electromobility, the article proposes five success factors for its development depending on the state situation. These are: the strength of traditional car companies, social expectations, job creation potential, internationalization possibilities, and the ability to incubate new entities. From the initial analysis, which requires further development and verification, it appears that countries such as China at the start seem to be in a privileged position to make the most of the potential of new mobility.","PeriodicalId":321822,"journal":{"name":"New Structural Policy in an Open Market Economy","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126833026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}