Journal of Community and Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Malaria Control Strategies among Rural Dwellers in a Typical Nigerian Setting","authors":"C. Ebirim, Ugonma Winnie Dozie, S. Orji, Angela Juliet Uka-Okali, Uchenna Launa Iwumune, Queen Kenechukwu Dozie, L. Chukwu","doi":"10.33309/2638-7719.030101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33309/2638-7719.030101","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan African, including Nigeria, causing 63% of total outpatient attendance in health facilities, 30% under-five mortality, and 11% of maternal mortality. Malaria control practices remain a major strategy in the combat of this menace. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the malaria control strategies utilized among rural dwellers in the Ezza North local government area (LGA) of Ebonyi state. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which employed systematic sampling technique in selecting 200 households in Ezza North LGA of Ebonyi state where households were allotted numbers and every second households were selected. The interviewer administered questionnaire that was used to interview one respondent per household. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented using frequency tables and charts. Results: The age range of respondents’ was between 18 and 80 years with majority of 137 (68.5%) aged 18–40 years. The majority of respondents were females (59.5%), married (60.0%) while 23.0% had tertiary education. The prevalence of malaria within the preceding 6 months was 56.5%. Fourteen (12.4%) of those who suffered malaria in the preceding 6 months reported they were diagnosed using malaria rapid diagnostic test kits. Furthermore, 59.3% of them were treated using orthodox medicines. Control strategies practiced by respondents included a combination of environmental sanitation and other preventive measures. The findings revealed that 60 (30.0%) used door/window nets, 49 (24.5%) used indoor insecticidal spray, 38 (19.0%) used long-lasting insecticidal bed net, 24 (12.0%) used protective clothing’s, 10 (5.0%) used mosquito repellant cream, and 4 (2.0%) used electronic insect catcher while 15 (7.5%) used coil/smoke to drive away mosquitoes. The type of environmental sanitation practiced by the respondents included; clearing of bushes/cutting down of water-bearing plants (28.5%), clearing of gutters and covering of potholes in the surrounding (28.0%), and removal of open water containers (9.0%) while 34.5% practiced a combination of the above-mentioned methods. Furthermore, 52.0% of respondents reported that the preventive measure they adopted was “effective.” Conclusion: From the study, it is evident that the prevalence of malaria is still high due to inconsistent utilization of malaria prevention measures especially the use of long-lasting insecticidal treated nets (LLITNs) and poor environmental sanitation practices creating breeding sites for malaria vector. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen indoor residual spraying (IRS), and intermittent preventive treatment (IPT), there should have been emerging evidences of decline in the incidence of malaria in the country, but this seems no to be so. These have further been compounded by the increased rate of drug resistance malaria parasites and treatment relapse in recent times. This was confirmed at","PeriodicalId":321626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community and Preventive Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115155730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological Challenges set up by Continuous Wireless Monitoring designed to Improve Management of Critically Ill Patients in an Internal Medicine Unit (LIMS study): Study Design and Preliminary Results","authors":"F. Pietrantonio, A. Bussi, S. Amadasi, E. Bresciani, A. Caldonazzo, P. Colombini, M. Giovannini, G. Grifi, L. Lanzini, P. Migliorati, P. Perini, A. Politi, F. Soldati, O. Meneghetti, E. Tyndall, R. Bellocco, R. D’Amico","doi":"10.33309/2638-7719.020104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33309/2638-7719.020104","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Wireless vital parameter continuous monitoring (WVPCM) is compared to regular nurse monitoring in order to provide data on the clinical and economic impact of critically ill patients (CIPs) in Internal Medicine Units (IMU). Study Design: Pilot prospective randomized controlled open-label multi-center study with WIN@Hospital wearable wireless system creating alerts on portable devices (ipad). Experimental Arm: CIPs with MEWS (Modified Early Warning Score) ≥ 3 and/or NEWS (National Early Warning Score) ≥ 5 at admission underwent WCPCM over the first 72 h. Active Comparator: CIPs with MEWS ≥ 3 and/or NEWS ≥ 5 at admission undergoing regular nurse monitoring. Primary outcomes: Reduction of major complications (MC) from 15% to 5%. Secondary outcomes: One day reduction in length of stay (LOS); reduced nurse monitoring time; accurate patient stratification and definition of end stage disease. Statistical methods: According to the preliminary study (Manerbio, 2016), 27% of hospitalized patients, of which 15% have MC, are critical (MEWS ≥3), and require monitoring. Clinical significance is set at 5% relative reduction in MCs in the experimental arm. 148 patients shall be recruited per arm (total 296; calculated by setting the alpha error at 5%, beta error at 20%, 80% test power, 5% loss). Preliminary results: Enrolled 95 and evaluable 89 patients (35 M/54 F), mean age 80.5 years, Comorbidity: Cumulative Illness Rating Scale CIRS-CI: 4, CIRS SI: 1.8. About 38% scored a BRASS (Blaylock Risk Assessment Screening Score) ≥20 indicating need for discharge planning requiring step-down care. More than 50% of patients present IIA index >3 indicating high dependency from nursing assistance. Nurses saved a minimum of 49,6 minutes to a maximum of 58,1 minutes on time spent monitoring each patient per day. Conclusions: WVPCM, detecting early deterioration in CIPs, may facilitate timely response in at-risk patients, increasing safety and reducing costs.","PeriodicalId":321626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community and Preventive Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125838551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent Class Analysis of Adolescent Health Behaviors","authors":"M. Jacobs","doi":"10.33309/2638-7719.020102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33309/2638-7719.020102","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Behavior is one of the most important components in health. While the impacts of adolescent risky activities have been studied extensively, less attention has been paid to health. This study examines the patterning of health behaviors among adolescents age of 10–19 years. Methods: Latent class analysis identified homogeneous, mutually exclusive “classes” (patterns) of eight, leading health behaviors sleep, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, physicians’ visits, meal autonomy, wearing braces, general health assessment, and having a permanent tattoo. Results: Resulting classes include (1) healthy, (2) moderately healthy, and (3) unhealthy. The characteristic behaviors and tendencies of each class differed by gender. Conclsion: This study attempts to classify adolescents by their own health behavior without including parental attributes. While adolescents do not typically prescribe to predictable behaviors and actions, the emphasis on healthy behaviors by some suggests an individual awareness of behavioral impacts and importance of healthy lifestyle choices.","PeriodicalId":321626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community and Preventive Medicine","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123489533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnobotanical Uses of Medicinal Plants for the Control of Diabetes and Hypertension","authors":"R. Okigbo, C. Anuagasi, C. Nnoli","doi":"10.33309/2638-7719.020103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33309/2638-7719.020103","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes and hypertension are among the prevalent diseases in the world; while they can be controlled and prevented, they create many problems and complications for affected patients. Ethnomedicine which is the study of traditional medicines used for curative purposes in a given locality revealed the medicinal plants used for the treatment of diabetes and hypertension. Plants such as Allium sativum, Aloe vera, Mordica charantha, Mangifera indica, Opuntia dillenii, Cocos nucifera, Carica papaya, Persea americana, Psidium guajava, Vernonia amygdalina, Datura stramonium, Zingiber officinale, Gongronema latifolium, and Hibiscus sabdariffa have commonly been used for the treatment of diabetes and hypertension. Ethnobotanical data were collected by means of interview using structured questionnaire. The questions were focused on the local names of plants commonly used for the treatment of diabetes and hypertension, its efficacy, plant parts used, mode of preparation and administration, toxicity, state of the plant (fresh or dry), and dosage. The result revealed that C. papaya, G. latifolium, M. indica, V. amygdalina, and M. charantha were rated highest in their use for treatment of diabetes while Bryophyllum pinnatum, H. sabdariffa, and Jatropha curcas were rated highest in their use for the treatment of hypertension. The plant parts commonly used for the treatment of these ailments revealed that leaf had highest percentage score than other parts for the entire sample plants. The toxicity rating of sample plants revealed that Jatropha gossypifolia, M. charantha, and O. dillenii had the highest toxicity rating. Phytochemical characterization and pharmacological validation of these plants would prove their possibility for production of drugs which are useful in curing and controlling diabetes and hypertension.","PeriodicalId":321626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community and Preventive Medicine","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127563803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactions Adverse to Drugs and Drug-drug Interactions: A “Wonderful” Spiral of Geometric Growth Produced by Multimorbidity and Polypharmacy","authors":"J. Turabián","doi":"10.33309/2638-7719.020201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33309/2638-7719.020201","url":null,"abstract":"The attempt to solve multimorbidity using tools of the biological framework makes us return to the origin: It is like a boomerang. Doctor is punished to strive uphill on a mountain to climb the heavy burden of multimorbidity when it seems to be reaching the top that burden of disease rolls back down, and again, the doctor is at the point of departure and that seems to be repeated infinitely: It is like the Myth of Sisyphus. Diagnosis and medical treatment are the “weapons” used by the professional to “cure” or “solve” health problems. However, overdiagnosis and drug overtreatment are weapons that, if they do not impact their objective, return to their point of origin, creating more problems than they intended to solve overdiagnosis and polypharmacy. Of every 100 courses of drug treatment, there are 20 adverse drug reactions, between 5 and 25 of clinically observable drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and between 15 and 50 potential DDIs, which arrive to 100 in geriatric patients. The current approach to the disease, risk factors, and prevention, within the biomedical framework, seems to produce a boomerang effect or Sisyphus effect. However, it is even worse: It is a logarithmic spiral or “the wonderful spiral” or “growth spiral.” This spiral follows a geometric progression, not arithmetic: Every health problem that we “cure” leads us, not to another new problem, but to many more. And so, it is increasingly complex to leave the labyrinth of multimorbidity and polytherapy. And yet, the DDIs are often predictable and preventable, and the biomedical framework for addressing health problems can be extended to a biopsychosocial framework.","PeriodicalId":321626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community and Preventive Medicine","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126254572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Maternal and Child Health Status in Canada and Japan – Reinvigorating Maternal and Child Health Handbook","authors":"R. Haque, S. Bhuiyan, R. Rudra","doi":"10.33309/2638-7719.020105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33309/2638-7719.020105","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the challenges in Canadian health-care system that contributes to higher perinatal, infant, and maternal mortality rate (MMR) compared to other Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) countries, especially Japan, and to make a recommendation based on available data. Materials and Methods: Systematic literature search was performed through PubMed, Cochrane Library, and University of Toronto online library. Available data on maternal and child health (MCH) were collected from relevant literature, Statistics Canada and OECD database for secondary analysis. Results: We identified that, throughout the period from 2006 to 2016, Canada had a higher rate of maternal mortality compared to Japan, especially in 2014, when MMR in Canada (6.0) was almost twice the rate of Japan (3.3). Between 2005 and 2018, there was a gradual decline in infant mortality rate for both countries, but Japan performed well in keeping the infant mortality rate significantly lower than Canada (1.9 for Japan and 4.5 for Canada in 2017). Introduction of MCH Handbook contributed to keeping up the national health indicators high in Japan even before Japan attained a stable economy. However, differences in national registration practice among OECD countries and inconsistencies in data coverage across Canada caused difficulty in making comparisons. Conclusion: Nationally standardized process is needed to investigate and document maternal deaths, which will help Canada take concrete actions to make pregnancy safer for women. Effective partnerships among government agencies, health-care institutions, and pregnant women and their families are needed to ensure the best care.","PeriodicalId":321626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community and Preventive Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115575050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identikit of the Person Seeking Care at Public Hospital in Italy in the European Health Context: A Collaborative Study","authors":"F. Pietrantonio, E. Tyndall","doi":"10.33309/2638-7719.020204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33309/2638-7719.020204","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The number of frail patients for whom the care of a single acute episode necessarily requires both a global approach and a close interaction with the local health services and social services is progressively growing. The issue of managing frail and complex patients at hospitals still needs to be resolved. Currently, care is fragmented in multiple specialized interventions and patients often find themselves moved from one ward to another, resulting in a perilous loss of information and continuity. The purpose of this paper is to analyze hospitalization modalities, the impact of internal medicine (IM) on the hospital activities, the relationship with emergency room (ER) and general patient characteristics, in order to explore putting the current discussion on the new role of IM in the future hospital into practice. Materials and Methods: In November 2014, a collaborative study assessed the the role of hospital internal medicine departments in relation to overall clinical activity in Italian hospitals nationwide by processing data of hospital derived from discharge records (SDO) provided by the Ministry of Health. All the 2013 SDO were analyzed. Results: About 55% of Italian hospital admissions come from the ER. IM seems to have the most important role in the management of emergency hospitalizations, covering 27% of admissions from ER. The identikit of the person seeking care at public hospital is as follow: (1) older age, (2) low level of education, (3) active comorbidities (from 3 to 4), (4) urgently admitted due to exacerbation of one or more of the diseases which the patient is already suffering, (5) mainly admitted to the IM department (medical area 42%), and (6) requires continuous monitoring and advanced technology. Conclusions: The Internal Medicine Department is positioned to play a central role in overall patient management in the Future Hospital.","PeriodicalId":321626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community and Preventive Medicine","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115955406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Postnatal Mothers’ Knowledge of Newborn Care Practices: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Shamim Ahmed, Sharmin Majumder, Zannatul Najnin Monia, S. Bhuiyan","doi":"10.33309/2638-7719.020101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33309/2638-7719.020101","url":null,"abstract":"Although Bangladesh made substantial progress in reducing neonatal mortality, practice of essential newborn care is very low resulting in neonatal deaths. This study aimed to identify postnatal mother’s knowledge of newborn care practices. A hospitalbased cross-sectional study among 211 postnatal mothers was conducted using purposive sampling technique. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used for interviews and Chi-square test was done to analyze collected data. Around 38% of mothers were aged between 16 and 20 years, 28% had secondary school education, 55% were primigravida, and only 26.5% attended antenatal visit for >4 times. Nearly 36% of them had warm clothes and 8% used kangaroo method for thermoregulation. Two-thirds of the mothers strongly agreed that breastfeeding was essential for the baby, 58% strongly agreed that colostrum must be provided to the newborn, and around 60% strongly agreed that exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) should be given up to 6 months of age. Majority of mothers knew about immunization at birth. Knowledge gaps were identified about cord care, eye care, first bathing, and hygiene practices. Nonetheless, only a minority of respondents had good knowledge of newborn care. In addition, highly significant statistical association was found between knowledge level and sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents. To further increase postnatal mother’s knowledge of newborn care practices, implementation of guidelines outlined in the Maternal Child Health handbook is highly recommended.","PeriodicalId":321626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community and Preventive Medicine","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129366491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Public Health Comprehensible; whether it is One Specialization or a Combination of Many?","authors":"N. Ghosh, P. Giri","doi":"10.33309/2638-7719.020203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33309/2638-7719.020203","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":321626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community and Preventive Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129926094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Unintentional Ingestion of Harmful Chemicals among Under-five Children in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State","authors":"C. Nwachukwu, O. Abanobi, C. Ebirim, S. Ibe, J. I. Ukwajiunor","doi":"10.33309/2638-7719.020202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33309/2638-7719.020202","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Unintentional chemical poisoning contributes significantly to under-five morbidity, mortality, and disability with an incidence rate of 442/100,000 children age 0–5 years, in low- and middle-income countries. Unintentional ingestion of harmful chemicals by under-five children can be prevented if some risk factors that predispose under-five children to unintentional chemical poisoning are modified. The aim of this study is to determine the risk of unintentional ingestion of harmful chemicals among under-five children in Calabar South Local Government Area (LGA) of Cross River State. Materials and Methods: Analytic epidemiology (case–control) design was employed in this study, 120 under-five children living with their parents in Calabar South LGA, Cross River State, were recruited through the use of multistage and simple random sampling technique by balloting. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection after being validated and its reliability tested. Cases were matched with controls using frequency matching. Multivariate analysis in the binary logistic regression model was used to test the hypotheses. Results: The result revealed that underfive children in Calabar South LGA, below 25 months of age are 2 times more likely to have unintentional ingestion of harmful chemicals (odds ratio [OR] = 2.786, P = 0.032). Under-five children under the care of a mother/caregiver below 36 years of age are 1.654 times more likely to experience unintentional ingestion of harmful chemical (OR = 1.654, P = 0.026). Under-five children who are under the care of a mother/caregiver without any formal educational attainment are 2 times more likely to experience unintentional ingestion of harmful chemical (OR = 2.000, P = 0.040). Under-five children residing in non-confortable apartments with their mothers/caregivers are 2 times more likely to experience unintentional ingestion of harmful chemicals (OR = 2.707, P = 0.043). Under-five children whose mothers/caregivers have no designated place where chemicals are kept are 2 times more likely to have unintentional ingestion of harmful chemicals (OR = 2.281, P = 0.040). Under-five children are 5 times more likely to have unintentional ingestion of harmful chemicals when the container of the chemical has no airtight/child-resistant cover on it (OR = 5.364, P = 0.041). Household cleaning agents were the most ingested chemical substances (25.0%) among under-five children in Calabar South LGA, Cross River State. Conclusion: Based on the findings, the researcher recommended that mothers/caregivers of under-five children should take more preventive measures in keeping household cleaning agents and other harmful chemical substances away from the reach of the under-five child. Furthermore, all household chemicals should be airtight/properly covered to avoid under-five children gaining access to it and possibly ingesting it. The researcher also recommended a childhood risk prevention and reduction program t","PeriodicalId":321626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community and Preventive Medicine","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116669168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}