Archives of Public Health Practice and Policy最新文献

{"title":"The practice of exclusive breastfeeding and factors associated with its interruption","authors":"Mayra da Silva Marques, Michelle de Santana Xavier Ramos, J. Batista, A. C. G. Figueiredo, J. Soares, G. O. Vieira, I. Gomes-Filho, Simone Seixas da Cruz","doi":"10.33425/2834-4227.1005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2834-4227.1005","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (EA) and factors associated with its interruption among mothers of children from 0 to 6 months of age in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Jesus -BA. Method: Cross-sectional study with 278 mothers, attended in health units of the municipality. Data were collected through interviews. Through hierarchical multiple analysis, a crude and adjusted prevalence ratio (PR), and their respective confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Results: The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was 39.6%. The variables race/skin color (nonblack), primiparity, absence of family support for breastfeeding, dissatisfaction during breastfeeding, and pacifier use were associated with interruption of the outcome. Conclusion: The frequency of exclusive breastfeeding was below the indicator recommended by the Ministry of Health. Among the factors that were associated with the interruption of exclusive breastfeeding are socioeconomic characteristics related to reproductive history and lifestyle, as well as conditions related to the child. More effective breastfeeding promotion measures are necessary to mitigate this outcome.","PeriodicalId":318430,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health Practice and Policy","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121842406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with adverse neurodevelopment outcome using Bayley III scale at 3 to 6 month follow-up","authors":"S. Parveen","doi":"10.33425/2834-4227.1004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2834-4227.1004","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: As the survival rate of preterm infants has increased, the management of long-term complications, especially neurodevelopmental impairment, becomes important. Several studies have suggested that adverse neurodevelopment could be induced by systemic inflammation in preterm infants. Preterm infants with systemic inflammation would have impaired neurodevelopment and which biomarkers and neurophysiologic studies during inflammation are associated with poor neurodevelopment. Objective: To assess the factors associated with adverse neurodevelopment outcome using bayley iii scale at 3 to 6 month follow-up. Materials and methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in Department of Paediatrics, Mugda Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2021 to December 2021. After taking informed written consent (annexure-III) from parents of the selected premature infants to participate in the study, a total of 82 neonates were enrolled. Hospitalized inborn and out born babies were included consecutively. Results: A total 54 patients were analyzed in 1st follow up visit by using Bayley scale III. Mean cognitive score were 81.67±7.58 and 73.50±10.16 in ACS exposed and ACS unexposed group (p-0.001).Mean language score were 85.33±6.73 vs. 77.88±9.98, (p- 0.002). Mean motor score were 84.50±9.83 vs. 76.83±12.03 in ACS exposed and ACS unexposed group (p- 0.013). Though all scores were below normal in both groups, ACS exposed group had relatively better score than ACS unexposed group at 3 months of age. During 2nd follow up 47 infants were assessed at 6 months of age, mean cognitive score in ACS group was 84.88±12.32 and in ACS unexposed group was 75.71±15.67.which was statistically significant(p- .030).Motor and language composite scores were higher at 6 months in ACS group but no difference between two groups were statistically significant. Conclusion: Our prospective cohort study showed that systemic inflammation induced by clinical infection and NEC is associated with poor neurodevelopment in preterm infants. These results may help estimate the neurodevelopmental risk of individual patients who have inflammatory illness and narrow down the target population of neuroprotection in the future.","PeriodicalId":318430,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health Practice and Policy","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125218136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Depression: Implications for African Americans and other populations during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Gemechu B Gerbi, Stephanie Miles-Richardson","doi":"10.33425/2834-4227.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2834-4227.1003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the impact of Social Determinants of Health (SDH) on the prevalence of selfreported depression among adults aged ≥18 years in the United States to understand baseline data in advance of an anticipated increase in depression due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data were analyzed from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) for adults aged ≥ 18 years. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for factors associated with self-reported depression. All analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.4. Results: The results of the multivariable logistic regression analysis show that females (AOR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.71-1.87); those with an annual household income of less than $50,000; those who were divorced (AOR= 1.42; 95% CI=1.34-1.51); those who were separated (AOR= 1.41; 95% CI=1.23-1.60); those who were never married (AOR= 1.24; 95% CI=1.16-1.32) and those who perceived their health as poor (AOR= 2.18; 95% CI=2.07-2.30) were significantly more likely to report a history of depression diagnosis. The findings also indicate that feeling unsafe or extremely unsafe in one's neighborhood, not being able to pay bills, and having higher levels of stress were associated with higher odds of reporting a history of depression diagnosis. Conclusion: Three variables of SDH were associated with depression. Since these variables are also impacted due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we can anticipate an increase in depression diagnoses. The results of this study can be used to inform the allocation of resources for depression prevention and treatment.","PeriodicalId":318430,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health Practice and Policy","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127849406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of age and comorbidities on mechanical ventilation and outcome among patients’ with COVID-19 admitted to Dubai hospital in united arab emirates: A retrospective study","authors":"F. Chehab, Jamal Z Saleh, M. Ghanaim, Rameez M.K AL-Daour, N. Salim","doi":"10.33425/2834-4227.1002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2834-4227.1002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Comorbidities are associated with the severity of COVID-19 and can lead to progress the disease and can cause death. Poor outcomes for COVID-19 have been related to patients with diabetes and hypertensives. In addition, the risk factors related to disease progression and cause death is age. However, this may be a direct result of the comorbidities itself or attributed to other unknown factors along with age. Purpose: The main goal of the current study is to find the effect of age and comorbidities on patients with COVID-19 intubation and outcome Methodology: This a single-centered, retrospective study carried out in Dubai hospital, Dubai Health Authority in United Arab Emirates from April 2020 until August 2020. A purposive sampling technique of 660 patients’ with COVID-19 met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Result: The sample of the study consisted of 660 patients with COVID-19 in Dubai hospital. comorbidity does not affect patient’s intubation as p-value= 0.628. On the other hand, Exact fisher test show the there is significant statistically result between comorbidity and patient’s outcome p-value= 0.014. In terms of association between Age and patient’s with CVOID-19 intubation and outcome. The results were statistically significant on as p-value=0.006 and 0.003 retrospectively. number of death patients who were intubated with HTN and DM was higher 33 (60.0%) compared to patients with HTN 10 (71.4%), and DM 7 (31.8%). Age category was important factor on patient with COVID-19 outcome. Age category was important factor on patient with COVID-19 outcome. Death number among age category (40-49) and who were intubated 28 (51.9%). On the other hand, the lowest death number among intubated patients with COVID-19 were among 20-29 age category. Conclusion: There are many risk factors associated with greater risk of intubation and even death. The present study found that older age was associated with patients’ intubation and death, most likely because of less rigorous immune response. Moreover, Diabetic and hypertension were strong risk factors for invasive ventilatory support among COVID-19 patients and even increase the risk for death. Recommendation: heath care providers prioritize patients with chronic disease and diagnose them early and monitored closely to improve clinical outcome. Providing this information to clinicians could potentially be used to guide patient care. patients with comorbidities should take all necessary precautions to avoid getting infected with SARS CoV- 2, as they usually have the worst prognosis.","PeriodicalId":318430,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Public Health Practice and Policy","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134362849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}