{"title":"The Role of Technology in Business-to-Consumer E-Commerce: Evidence from Asia","authors":"J. Kang, Tengfei Wang, Dorothea M. Ramizo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3785122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3785122","url":null,"abstract":"The business-to-consumer (B2C) online commerce landscape is changing rapidly, supported by the technological innovation. However, its diffusion remains concentrated in developed and large economies and is creating a digital divide that excludes small and medium-sized enterprises and people with limited means. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic exposed an urgent need to close the divide, both within and across countries. This paper explores disparities in B2C online commerce revenues among selected Asian economies by investigating the role of technology adoption in B2C sales online. Using proprietary panel data to ensure comparability of B2C online commerce across countries and years, the study investigates empirically the possible drivers of B2C online commerce growth. This paper yields important insights for policy makers and businesses and provides evidence that internet access and speed, online security, and financial inclusiveness matter in facilitating internet retail sales. Governments should consider these as important issues in building an enabling environment that will help B2C online commerce adapt to the post COVID-19 world and ensure that innovations create opportunities for all.","PeriodicalId":316439,"journal":{"name":"LSN: Other Electronic Shopping & Internet Issues (Sub-Topic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125410243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rwanda -- Cutting-Edge VAT Compliance","authors":"R. T. Ainsworth, G. Todorov","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2327521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2327521","url":null,"abstract":"On August 26, 2013 the Ministerial Order on Modalities of Use of Certified Electronic Billing Machine, No. 002/23/10TC of 31/07/2013, was published in the Official Gazette of Rwanda. This Order has set loose a technology revolution in VAT compliance that promises business efficiencies, and revenue enhancements that are only imagined in more developed countries. To open the door to technology Rwanda has taken the traditional digital invoice security model, and connected it to a central security portal at the Rwanda Revenue Authority (RRA). Rwanda will now be able to securely monitor transactions in close to real-time (oversight is on-demand).","PeriodicalId":316439,"journal":{"name":"LSN: Other Electronic Shopping & Internet Issues (Sub-Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129187341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Rajvanshi, Tapas K. Badhyopadhyay, Rajeev Gupta
{"title":"Intricacies of Privacy Protection in Electronic Transactions: A Critical Analysis","authors":"G. Rajvanshi, Tapas K. Badhyopadhyay, Rajeev Gupta","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2036935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2036935","url":null,"abstract":"In electronic transactions lots of issues such as jurisdictional issues in case of disputes, identification of true identity, Spoofing, privacy protection so one and so forth are involved at par. This paper is all about analyzing the issue of data protection and privacy. Privacy is an important aspect of one’s life, as everyone desires to maintain privacy of his life, his profession, his work plan and of his transactions as well. Privacy is a fundamental human right recognized in the UN Declaration of Human Rights the International, the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and in many other international and regional treaties. Protection of privacy in online transactions is not an easy task as the privacy in electronic transactions in not only infringed physically but virtually as well. We have much technological software like cookies, Trojan, web bugs, so one and so forth infringing the privacy of the data directly and indirectly. Assurance of privacy and its proper protection inculcate trust in the parties and thus lead the people to get through more and more deals in online mode. It is quite evident that assurance of privacy and its protection will definitely lead electronic transactions a step ahead as is desired in the realm of globalization, industrialization and privatization. Indian context has right to privacy as constitutional rights and online privacy protection is being provided in Information Technology Act, 2008 as well in other scattered statues like SEBI’s regulation for privacy protection through companies, RBI’s Guidelines to protect online privacy in electronic banking system etc. So the issue is not that the legal provisions are not there to protect privacy in electronic transactions but the issue is 'that whether the legal provisions in Indian Legal system are efficient enough to promote protection to privacy and security of data in electronic transactions going through all the challenges powering out the world of electronic transactions.' The safety and security of a customer’s personal information lies within the hands of the business. And Being a Governing Body State is under an Obligation to protect provide and to promote the legal rights of the individuals. So it would be interesting to look into that how the State laws and policies are providing protection against the privacy infringement and where it is lagging behind. And what can be done as improvements in the Legal framework of Internet to procure more and more security to the privacy of the users of Internet.","PeriodicalId":316439,"journal":{"name":"LSN: Other Electronic Shopping & Internet Issues (Sub-Topic)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115617570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does Contract Disclosure Matter?","authors":"Florencia Marotta-Wurgler","doi":"10.1628/093245612799440122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1628/093245612799440122","url":null,"abstract":"Disclosure has long been the preferred regulatory approach to prevent one-sided standard-form contract terms, but its efficacy is unclear. For disclosure to be effective, it must increase readership of contracts and, conditional on reading, affect decisions. I use clickstream data on software shoppers to test these two conditions in the online context. I find that the prominence of disclosure of a software license agreement has little effect on readership. Moreover, those who read the license are equally likely to purchase the product regardless of its one-sidedness. Mandatory online disclosure regimes thus seem unlikely to impose competitive pressure on sellers.","PeriodicalId":316439,"journal":{"name":"LSN: Other Electronic Shopping & Internet Issues (Sub-Topic)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122335460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Възможности За Навлизането На Електронните Пари в България - Фактори и Законова Основа (Opportunities for the Introduction of Electronic Money in Bulgaria - Factors and Legal Basis)","authors":"Bojidar V. Bojinov","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2789679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2789679","url":null,"abstract":"Bulgarian Abstract: Бързите технологични промени в последните години дадоха силен тласък на развитието на компютърната и телекомуникационната индустрия. Високата достъпност на мобилните комуникации и технологии създадоха предпоставки бизнесът да напусне пределите на своя офис, град, държава и да се насочи към Интернет и електронната търговия. Това очертава един невероятен потенциал за развитие на българската икономика и възможност за нейното отваряне и трайно проникване в световната, и в частност във формиращата се Интернет икономика.За да се използва в максимална степен този потенциал, е необходимо детайлно изследване на предпоставките, за успешното навлизане и развитие на електронната търговия в икономика ни. Тъй като целите на настоящата разработка се ограничават единствено до развитието на електронните пари, ще разгледаме предпоставките, които оказват влияние върху потенциалното навлизане и развитие на електронните пари и възможността им да изпълняват пълноценно ролята на заместител на наличните пари в Интернет икономиката.English Abstract: The article examines preconditions for successful entry and development of electronic commerce in the economy of Bulgaria.","PeriodicalId":316439,"journal":{"name":"LSN: Other Electronic Shopping & Internet Issues (Sub-Topic)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125077179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}