Climate change impacts and sustainability: ecosystems of Tanzania最新文献

{"title":"A comparative cost-benefit analysis of mobile and sedentary pastoral production systems in selected villages in Northern Tanzania.","authors":"L. E. Yamat, C. Mung’ong’o","doi":"10.1079/9781789242966.0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/9781789242966.0059","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 Despite a growing body of evidence that highlights the economic, social and environmental benefits of mobile pastoralism, few governments are ready to tolerate mobility and many policy makers promote knowingly or inadvertently the policies of sedentarization. This production system seems not to be clearly understood by many and has been characterized as backward, environmentally destructive and economically unsustainable; and the view is that it should be replaced with more sedentary forms of livestock production or other beneficial land uses. The overriding question is whether sedentary livestock keeping is more productive and utilizes fewer resources and less space than the mobile pastoral system. This study carried out a comparative cost-benefit analysis of the two production systems in selected villages of Kiteto and Karatu districts. The aim was to come up with credible data to test this hypothesis. Two alternatives were compared in terms of their net present value (NPV) to test a null hypothesis. The alternative with an NPV greater than zero or higher than its alternative was accepted to be more viable compared with the one with an NPV less than zero or less than its alternative. Whenever the NPV of the sedentary production system in the analysis was shown to be greater than zero and/or greater than the NPV of the mobile pastoral production system the null hypothesis was accepted and vice versa. The study was conducted in Makame village of Kiteto District and Dofa village of Karatu District. Makame village represents a mobile pastoral production system while Dofa village represents a sedentary production system. The study employed a quantitative approach using a household survey in the two villages. The comparative cost-benefit analysis was carried out using monetary values derived from the livestock unit statistical approach. The findings have revealed that the average cost of maintaining a mobile pastoral and sedentary production systems are TSh90,096,333 and TSh112,295,200, respectively. The cost-benefit ratios are 1:0.5 for a mobile pastoral production system and 1:0.25 for the sedentary one.","PeriodicalId":311644,"journal":{"name":"Climate change impacts and sustainability: ecosystems of Tanzania","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127509387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction.","authors":"C. Mung’ong’o, P. Yanda, E. Mabhuye","doi":"10.1079/9781789242966.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/9781789242966.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 This book provides a detailed analysis of the impacts of climate change on various tropical ecosystems in Tanzania and their related aspects of economic endeavour - from agriculture, marine resources and wildlife to weather forecasting. The analyses concentrate on Real and potential impacts of climate change, focusing on changes in temperature and precipitation, as well as alternative adaptive capacity and resilience-enhancing strategies such as changing crop types and cropping patterns. Across all of the analyses, particular attention is paid to impacts, vulnerability and resilience of ecosystems and communities to climate change outcomes with special reference to the impacts of extreme events such as droughts and flooding. The chapters in this book represent some of the early attempts at analysing the implications of climate change carried out at the Centre for Climate Change Studies of the University of Dar es Salaam. The chapters employ 'a bottom-up systems approach' whereby the implications of climate change are evaluated based on analytical models from agriculture, wildlife management and weather forecasting systems. The approach allows for experimentation with alternative policy options for achieving research and development objectives in the context of climate change.","PeriodicalId":311644,"journal":{"name":"Climate change impacts and sustainability: ecosystems of Tanzania","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122896679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}