Mass Extinctions, Volcanism, and Impacts: New Developments最新文献

{"title":"The Central Iapetus magmatic province: An updated review and link with the ca. 580 Ma Gaskiers glaciation","authors":"N. Youbi, R. Ernst, U. Söderlund, Moulay Ahmed Boumehdi, A. A. Lahna, C. Tassinari, Warda El Moume, M. K. Bensalah","doi":"10.1130/2020.2544(02)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1130/2020.2544(02)","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":310382,"journal":{"name":"Mass Extinctions, Volcanism, and Impacts: New Developments","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123764129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cretaceous-Paleocene transition along a rocky carbonate shore: Implications for the Cretaceous-Paleocene boundary event in shallow platform environments and correlation to the deep sea","authors":"D. Sanders, G. Keller, F. Schlagintweit, Martin Studený","doi":"10.1130/2019.2544(06)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1130/2019.2544(06)","url":null,"abstract":"The Cretaceous-Paleocene (K/P) boundary intervals are rarely preserved in successions of shallow-water limestones. Here, we describe a shallow rocky shore on the active orogenic wedge of the eastern Alps (Austria) fringed by a carbonate platform that was largely cannibalized by erosion. We compared this succession with similar nearshore environments globally, as well as the deep sea, to gain a better understanding of the environmental response to the K/P boundary transition. In the eastern Alps, Cretaceous and Paleocene lithofacies across the K/P boundary transition are separated by a hardground that formed during subaerial exposure and that terminates Upper Maastrichtian limestone with planktic foraminiferal assemblages deposited at neritic depth during zone CF3 (ca. 66.500 Ma). Above the hardground, there are beachrocks with early Danian zone P1a(1) assemblages, which indicate the hardground spans about ~600 k.y. of nondeposition and/or erosion. During the early Danian, the marine transgressive fringe fluctuated between “shoreface to emersion” environments, depositing limestones rich in bryozoans, rhynchonellids, coralline algae, and rare planktic foraminifera along with abraded, bored, and/or encrusted clasts eroded from older rocks. Repeated short subaerial exposure is marked by vadose diagenesis and hardgrounds, including an ~1.5 m.y. interval between magnetochrons C29n to C28n and planktic foraminiferal zones P1b to P1c(2). *Diethard.G.Sanders@uibk.ac.at Current address: Biologiezentrum-Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum, Johann-Wilhelm-Klein-Strasse 73, A-4040 Linz, Austria. Sanders, D., Keller, G., Schlagintweit, F., and Studeny, M., 2019, Cretaceous-Paleocene transition along a rocky carbonate shore: Implications for the CretaceousPaleocene boundary event in shallow platform environments and correlation to the deep sea, in Adatte, T., Bond, D.P.G., and Keller, G., eds., Mass Extinctions, Volcanism, and Impacts: New Developments: Geological Society of America Special Paper 544, p. 1–XXX, https://doi.org/10.1130/2019.2544(06). © 2019 The Authors. Gold Open Access: This chapter is published under the terms of the CC-BY license and is available open access on www.gsapubs.org. OPEN ACCESS GO LD Downloaded from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/chapter-pdf/4929473/spe544-06.pdf by Princeton University user on 27 January 2020","PeriodicalId":310382,"journal":{"name":"Mass Extinctions, Volcanism, and Impacts: New Developments","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129795953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amplifying factors leading to the collapse of primary producers during the Chicxulub impact and Deccan Traps eruptions","authors":"G. Hir, F. Fluteau, B. Suchéras-Marx, Y. Goddéris","doi":"10.1130/2020.2544(09)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1130/2020.2544(09)","url":null,"abstract":"The latest Cretaceous (K; Maastrichtian) through earliest Paleogene (Pg; Danian) interval is a time marked by one of five major mass extinctions in the Earth’s history. The synthesis of published data permits the temporal correlation of the K-Pg boundary crisis with two major geological events: 1) the Chicxulub impact discovered in the Yucatán peninsula (Mexico) and 2) the Deccan Traps located on the west-central India plateau. In this paper, environmental and biological consequences from the Chicxulub impact and the Deccan continental flood basalts have been explored using a climate-carbon-biodiversity coupled model called the ECO-GEOCLIM model. The novelty of this study is to investigate how abiotic factors (temperature, pH, and calcite saturation state) act on various marine organisms to determine the primary productivity and biodiversity changes in response to a drastic environmental change. This study shows that the combination of the Deccan volcanism with a 10-km impact led to global warming (3.5°C) caused by rising carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration (+470 ppmv), interrupted by a succession of short-term cooling events, provided by a ‘shielding effect’ due to the formation of sulphate aerosols. The consequences related to these climate changes are the decrease of the surface ocean pH by 0.2 (from 8.0 to 7.8), while the deep ocean pH dropped by 0.4 (from 7.8 to 7.4). Without requiring any additional perturbations, these environmental disturbances led to a drastic decrease of the biomass of calcifying species and their biodiversity by about 80%, while the biodiversity of noncalcifying species was reduced by about 60%. We also suggest that the short-lived acidification caused by the Chicxulub impact, when combined with the Deccan traps, may explain the severity of the extinction among pelagic calcifying species.","PeriodicalId":310382,"journal":{"name":"Mass Extinctions, Volcanism, and Impacts: New Developments","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121142807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}