International Journal of Agriculture, Biology & Environment最新文献

{"title":"Study on the Prevalence and Host-Related Risk Factors of Bovine Trypanosomosis in Selected Kebeles of Konta Zone District, South Western Ehiopia","authors":"Esayas Balcha, Hasen Kasa","doi":"10.47504/ijagri.2022.3.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47504/ijagri.2022.3.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Trypanosomosis is a disease caused by several species of protozoa parasites called trypanosomes found in the blood and other tissues of vertebrates including livestock, wildlife & people. The objective of this cross sectional study was to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis, identify species of trypanosomes involved and access associated risk factor in Ameya Zuria Woreda. In this study, over all prevalence of 12.8 % (49/ 384) bovine trypanosomosis was recorded. Prevalence of 9.4 % and 16.9 % was observed in female and malecattle respectively. Bovine trypanosomosis with prevalence of 18.5%, 11.8%, 10.4%, 10.8% & 11.8% was recorded in Chebera, Cheta, Dupa, Serishewa and Yora peasant associations respectively. The prevalence of 5.6%, 14.3 6% and 16.7 were recorded in cattle of young, adult and old respectively. Two species of trypanosomosis T.congulense and Brucei were detected with a prevalence of 11.2% and 1.7 % respectively. In the current study, the prevalence of trypanosomosisbased on body condition scores were recorded as good, medium, and poor as 6.8 %, 9.9 % and 21.3 % respectively. Based on coat color, prevalence of 26.4%, 15.8%, 8.5% and 5.8 were recorded in black, grey, red and white color respectively. Based on Hematological finding to PCV <25 and PCV ≥ 25 78.6% were recorded anemic while 21.4 % were normal. In conclusion, this study indicated that trypanosomosis was the major constraint of livestock production in the Ameya Zuria Woreda *20therefore; concerned individuals should strengthen and continue the effort against this parasitic disease.","PeriodicalId":307249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Biology &amp; Environment","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126020300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Veterinary Drug Prescribing Practices at AtesoVeterinary Clinic ofMasha Woreda, Sheka Zone, South West Ethiopia","authors":"Esayas Balcha, Teshager Shawano","doi":"10.47504/ijagri.2022.3.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47504/ijagri.2022.3.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"The rational use of drugs in veterinary medicine has various significances, such as reducing the risk of drug resistance, increasing efficacy, reducing drug residue, and decreasing adverse drug reactions. The objectiveof this study is to evaluate types of rational use of veterinary drugs prescribed by veterinarians in the veterinary clinics of the Masha district. A sample was selected using a systematic random sampling method and the sampling unit was an animal patient encountered at Ateso veterinary clinic for the treatment of acute and/or chronic illness. A retrospective study was conducted to assess veterinary drug prescribing practices at Ateso woreda veterinary clinics in the south west areas of Ethiopia. A total of 920cases were recorded from the case registration books at the Ateso Veterinary clinic for diseases treated between January 2021 and February 2022. The study indicates thatin Atesoveterinary clinic, 111(12.1%) young,548(59.6%) adult and 261(28.4%) wereold.In this retrospective study, 654(71.1%) cattle, 62(6.7%) chicken, 66(7.2%) goat and 138(15.0%) were sheep in diagnosed animals. Regarding the agro-ecological partition in studyarea, 542(58.9%), 129(14.0%) and 249(27.1%) of diagnosed animals were highland, lowland and midland respectively.Thestudy resultsshowed that for a total of 920 cases diagnosed at clinic, 1788different drugs were prescribed, with an average per encounter of 1.9.Among the total drugs,Penstrep(31.7%), Albendazole (23.3%),Oxytetracycline(19.4%),Ivermectine(12.3%,Sulfa drugs (6.7%),Isomitamidium chloride (3.7%) and Veridium(2.9%) were the most leading prescribed drugs. All drugs were prescribed by the generic name without any laboratory support of the disease. The prescribing practices showed 51.1% of antibiotics and 23.3%of anthelmintic was prescribed for veterinary diseases treatment at Ateso veterinary clinic. Of the prescribed drugs, 7 % Anthelmentics (Albendazole) was prescribed irrationally to treat diseases that were tentatively diagnosed as infectious diseases. Similarly, 2.1 % Antibiotics were prescribed for parasitic disease. In conclusion, this study revealed problems in antibiotics andAnthelmintics use, description of routes of administration and length of treatment, and shortage of laboratory diagnostic facilities. Therefore, veterinary drugs particularly Antibiotics and Anthelmintics should be used appropriately to safeguard the public from residual drug impacts and resistance development.","PeriodicalId":307249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Biology &amp; Environment","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114304273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of Bacteriological Contents of Commercially Smoked Fish and Aseptically Smoked Fish sold in Awka and Environs, Anambra State Nigeria","authors":"Ozoh C.N, Orji M.U","doi":"10.47504/ijagri.2022.3.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47504/ijagri.2022.3.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to determine the bacteriological contents of smoked fish sold in Awka markets and environs. A total number of 80 samples of smoked and frozen fishes were purchased from three different markets in Awka and environs. 60 smoked fish and 20 frozen fish of four different species of panla, sardine, mackerel and catfish 15each and 5 each respectively. The samples were collected labeled appropriately and kept in sterile polyethylene bags and were taken to the microbiology laboratory of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka and Anambra State Polytechnic, Mgbakwu for microbial analysis, biochemical and molecular characterization were used for identification of bacteria and fungi isolates. The frozen fishes were taken to fishery department of Anambra State Polytechnic, Mgbakwu for smoking; the fishes were aseptically smoked using traditional kiln and oven drying method. Nutrient agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar, Salmonella shigella agar, Eosin methylene blue agar and Mannitol egg yolk polymyxin (MYP) agar were used for isolation of organisms. The isolated organisms are Bacillus spp, Staphylococcus Saprophiticus, Enterobacter spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericia coli, KlebsiellaAerogenes. Delftiatsuruhatensis, Proteus mirabilis, Comamonas thiooxydans, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Crocinitomicaceae bacterium, Klebsiella pneumonia, Micrococcus spp. the fungi isolated are Aspergillus fumigate, Aspergillusoryzae, Fusarium spp. Mucor, Rhizopus sp.Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Penicillum spp. the total viable counts (TVC inCFU/g) of smoked mackerel, sardine, panla and catfish ranges from 1.7x102to 40.3x102 , 0.6x102-66x102, 11x102-98x102, 2.5x102 -54x102respectively. TVC (CFU/g) of fungi isolates from catfish ranges from 10x102to 33x102 TVC (CFU/g). In aseptically smoked fishno organism was isolated from fish samples expect in smoked and oven dried panla fish. Their TVC ranges from 0.2x102-0.8x102.The findings indicates that smoked fish sold in Awka markets and environs are all contaminated, proper awareness should be done to educate the fish vendors on proper and hygienic methods of processing and selling their products","PeriodicalId":307249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Biology &amp; Environment","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128087611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of heavy metals concentrations intropical agroecosystem (Wakwa,Adamawa,Cameroon): An Index Analysis Approach","authors":"Aminatou Amraou, Yaboki Elisabeth, Zing Zing Bertrand, Yvette Clarisse Mfopou Mewouo, Ndo Eunice","doi":"10.47504/ijagri.2023.4.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47504/ijagri.2023.4.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"A study has been conducted to evaluate the degree of Heavy Metals (HM)contamination on farm soils of Wakwa’s, using enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), pollution load index (PLI), Ecological risk factors (Eir), Ecological risk indices(PER) and statistical analysis.In the currentstudy, composite surface agricultural soil samples were collected in 4 sites and analyzed for the concentration of HMs including As, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Mn, Mo, Pb, Sr, V, Y, Zn and Zr.Electric conductivity(EC)and pH were also determined.The concentrations of Cr, Zr, Mo andPb are significantly higher than average shale valuesin all sites. Sites WK3and WK4 recorded high concentrations ofNi and V. obtained EFvary from 0.07 for Sr to 2.35for Mo and indicate zero tomoderateenrichment. Igeo vary from -3.83 for Sr to 1.26 for Mo and indicate zero to moderatecontamination.PLIvary from 0.61 to 0.83with the highest to the lowest polluted site being WK4 >WK3 >WK2 >WK1. All HM present low ecological concern and low potential ecological risk indices. All sites recordedacidic pHexcept site WK1which has neutralpH.WK4which is upstreamthe Lake Piu is the most pollutedand present the lowestpH(5.183) andthehighest EC(563.667μs/cm). Positive and highly significant correlations were observed for several pairs; this could indicate the same source of pollution for most HMs. This study concludes that a regular assessment is needed to estimate the risk level of toxic metal contamination in the ecosystem.The presentstudy is valuable because it is probably the first work on heavy metal levels in Wakwa locality.","PeriodicalId":307249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Biology &amp; Environment","volume":"34 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131866688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment on Farmers Tree Growing Practices and Tree Species Diversity in the Home Garden, Farmlands, and nearby Forest of Abaychomen District, Oromia Region, Ethiopia","authors":"Taye Lemma Geleta","doi":"10.47504/ijagri.2023.4.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47504/ijagri.2023.4.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to investigate the farmers’ tree growing practices and diversity of tree species in the home garden,farmlands, and nearby forest areas of Abaychomen District, Eastern Wollega, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Data were collected fromsampled Households (HHs) using purposive random sampling methods for the socio-economic survey and a systematic sampling technique for vegetation assessment.For the interview, 152 HHs were selected from the two Peasant Associations of Gutene and Dinoberema. Focus group discussions and site observations were used. The result showed 51 tree species in Dinoberema and 41 in Gutene were identified and recorded. The Shannon diversity index is high in the natural forest of both sites and low in the crop fields of Gutene and home garden area of Denoberema. Simpson diversity index exhibited a similar trend as the Shannon diversity index in both sites. Croton macrostachyus and Podocarpus falcatus are the 1stand the 2ndmost important tree species in both sites.Higher Sorensen coefficient similarity observed between crop field and home gardens. The result also revealed, HHs within the rich wealth class have a large area of home garden related to medium and poor. According to respondents viewed, (80 % observed labour availability) in Gutene and (60% observed land availability) in Dinoberema were opportunities to grow trees. However, shortage of cash and land were the main constraints for tree growing practices.Therefore, this study is important for effective tree biodiversity.Hence, identifying and documenting the tree species diversity and practices of local peoples on tree management are necessary to build the gaps in knowledge","PeriodicalId":307249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Biology &amp; Environment","volume":"418 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114089147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on usage of Land and changes in Ecology in Babile Elephant Sanctuary, Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"Taye Lemma Geleta, Girma Mengesha, Sintayehu Workeneh","doi":"10.47504/ijagri.2022.3.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47504/ijagri.2022.3.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this paper is to investigate how the land covers in Eastern Ethiopia's Babile Elephant Sanctuary (BES). The spatiotemporal patterns of land-cover changes involved using remote sensing, geographic information systems, and questionnaires. Researchers used the Landsat images acquired in 1972, 2000, and 2021 were used. The result revealed that bushland and agricultural land areas expanded highest over the study period (1972–2021) at the expense of natural forests. With an average annual loss rate of 8343.12 ha, riverine forests and woods lost a substantial amount of land cover. The woodland and riverine forest cover decreased steadily from 59.85 and 20.56% in 1972 to 30.37 and 3.13% in 2021.From 1972, the coverage of bushland, agricultural land, bare land, and settlement increased to 17.57, 1.75, 0.23, and 0.04%, respectively, to the year 2021, when it occupied 34.68, 22.30, 4.95, and 4.57%, respectively, of the total land area. Several bushland areas in the sanctuary while data collected for this study, with likely impacts were observed (such as tree-cutting) on the forest and riverine habitat. As a result, there was currently a greater area covered by wilderness patches (i.e., 34.68 % in 2021). The result showed that the increasing agricultural land and settlements become a threat to the ecological integrity of elephant habitats, leading to habitat fragmentation and human encroachment on elephant habitats, and high pressure and competition over resources. Based on the study, the interpretation drawn is that, BES is necessary to build gaps in knowledge for conservationists to design plans for the restoration of habitats and the species by lowering the impact on land cover change, immediate action, and restoring mechanisms to conserve biodiversity and associated ecosystem services in the area.","PeriodicalId":307249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Biology &amp; Environment","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133863872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participatory Variety Selection of Orange Fleshed SweetPotato (Ipomoea batatasL.) Varieties at Wondo Genet and Koka, Ethiopia","authors":"Damtew Abewoy, Habtamu Gudisa Megersa, Dadi Tolosa Lamma, Dejene Tadesse Banjaw","doi":"10.47504/ijagri.2022.v3.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47504/ijagri.2022.v3.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Biology &amp; Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128805010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Feeding preference and Impact of African Elephants (Loxodontaafricana, Blumenbach, 1797; Elephantidae) on Woody species in Babile Elephant Sanctuary, Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"Taye Lemma Geleta, Girma Mengesha","doi":"10.47504/ijagri.2022.v3.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47504/ijagri.2022.v3.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Biology &amp; Environment","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133506681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}