Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry最新文献

Idiosyncratic DILI: Immunology in Cases with Evidence Based on RUCAM 基于 RUCAM 的病例中的免疫学证据

Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-11-24 DOI: 10.12970/2308-8044.2023.11.01

Rolf Teschke

{"title":"Idiosyncratic DILI: Immunology in Cases with Evidence Based on RUCAM","authors":"Rolf Teschke","doi":"10.12970/2308-8044.2023.11.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12970/2308-8044.2023.11.01","url":null,"abstract":"Idiosyncratic drug induced liver injury (iDILI) is a multifaceted and fairly well described liver disease, but there is yet some uncertainty on the role of immune systems triggering the liver injury and speculation on the cascade of immune events. Many conclusions were so far based on narratives or cases of iDILI, which did not receive the benefit of a robust causality assessment like by the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM). This analysis aims to clarify the cascade of immune events that lead to the liver injury by conventional drugs. For this approach, the search focused on iDILI cases with verified diagnosis by RUCAM. Most promising were parameters obtained from the blood as mirror of what happened in the liver during the injurious processes.The focus of this present analysis is on patients with RUCAM based iDILI and concomitant immune-related parameters in the blood. As an example, compelling evidence for a role of immune systems in iDILI was found for circulating mediators in the blood secreted by liver immune cells in patients under a therapy for tuberculosis, detected were also serum anti-cytochrome P450 (CYP) antibodies in patients after anesthesia with sevoflurane or desflurane and thereby reflecting their metabolism by the CYP 2E1 isoform, the occurrence of serum of autoantibodies in patients with drug induced autoimmune hepatitis (DIAIH) due to many drugs, and the role of blood and liver monocytes, which provide direct evidence for the activation of the hepatic innate immune system to the adapted immune system. In essence, patients with RUCAM based iDILI show various immunology features in the blood compatible with the role of the hepatic immune systems in patients with suspected iDILI caused by some but not all drugs.","PeriodicalId":307164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139242206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antagonistic Atrial Natriuretic Peptide with the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and Effects on Systemic Blood Pressure Regulation 拮抗心房利钠肽与肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统及其对全身血压调节的影响

Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.12970/2308-8044.2022.10.02

Fellipe Genasculi Araujo, R. Ramos

{"title":"Antagonistic Atrial Natriuretic Peptide with the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and Effects on Systemic Blood Pressure Regulation","authors":"Fellipe Genasculi Araujo, R. Ramos","doi":"10.12970/2308-8044.2022.10.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12970/2308-8044.2022.10.02","url":null,"abstract":"The atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) presents, from the point of view of systemic blood pressure regulation, a relevant antagonistic association when compared to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Through a careful review, the aim of the study was to evidence the process and the link between systems and hormones, from prohormone secretion, conversion, interaction with receptors, ANP action, correlating its antagonistic effects to RAAS, and the association between the mechanisms of action and SBP. The method adopted was a systematic review through electronic scientific articles in the database of the Virtual Health Library, PubMed and Cochrane. The process of searching and selecting the articles followed the rule of systematic review – PRISMA. The study demonstrates that the effects of ANP release due to cardiac atrial expansion are effectively counterregulators to the effects of RAAS malfunction, acting in a way to preserve the back, cardiac and vascular issues from blood pressure control. This mechanism acts via hydroelectrolytic regulation, especially through processes of resorption and excretion of sodium and water by the removal tubules, where the RAAS acts to increase blood volume and ANP acting to potentiate diuretic mechanisms. It is concluded that the degrading effects of the malfunction of RAAS, to some extent, be counter-regulated by the effects of ANP release, acting in the control of systemic blood pressure, alone or concomitantly with pharmacological treatment.","PeriodicalId":307164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"51 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132328053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promising Treatments for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Covid-19 与Covid-19相关的急性呼吸窘迫综合征有希望的治疗方法

Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-03-10 DOI: 10.12970/2308-8044.2022.10.01

M. Mezanini, M. M. de Souza, R. Ramos, J. D. de Godoy, Thaisa Fernanda Queiroz de Souza, J. M. Pinto Neto, André Willian Lozano, L. Simonato, Wagner Rafael da Silva, Nilton Cesar Pezati Boer, Fábio Zanusso Prates, Farid Jamil Silva De Arruda

{"title":"Promising Treatments for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Covid-19","authors":"M. Mezanini, M. M. de Souza, R. Ramos, J. D. de Godoy, Thaisa Fernanda Queiroz de Souza, J. M. Pinto Neto, André Willian Lozano, L. Simonato, Wagner Rafael da Silva, Nilton Cesar Pezati Boer, Fábio Zanusso Prates, Farid Jamil Silva De Arruda","doi":"10.12970/2308-8044.2022.10.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12970/2308-8044.2022.10.01","url":null,"abstract":"Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) can occur in critically ill people due to COVID-19. These combinations of ARDS and COVID-19 are usually fatal, and the risk increases with age and severity of the disease. The main clinical aspect is the intense shortness of breath and often cannot breathe on their own, requiring mechanical ventilatory support. Treatment includes the administration of oxygen and medications. As a result, the aim of the study was to address the promising treatments for COVID-19-associated ARDS, reporting the main forms of recommendation of therapies such as corticosteroid use, ozone therapy and hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO). This study is a systematic review conducted through international articles with English language located in PubMed and VHL in addition to Clinicaltrials.gov. In the study, we found 117 studies that were submitted to eligibility analysis and, subsequently, 59 studies were included and discussed in this study. Recent studies show that corticosteroids used in ARDS with COVID-19 have achieved clinical improvement, especially during mechanical ventilation. In ozone therapy, improvement was found in the pulmonary parenchyma and in the release of plasma cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), lymphocyte typing for CD3, CD4, CD8, HLA-DR, CD45. In HBO, it is a useful alternative in the treatment of the disease since it provided inflammatory relief and facilitated the reversal of hypoxemia. As there is little evidence of damage, the data suggest the use of these promising treatments; however, more studies are needed to prove the efficacy of these therapies.","PeriodicalId":307164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114604001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Double Blind, Controlled Studies Confirms the Efficacy and Safety of Esberitox in the Treatment of the Common Cold 随机、双盲、对照研究的荟萃分析证实了埃斯贝里托克斯治疗普通感冒的有效性和安全性

Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.12970/2308-8044.2021.09.04

B. Naser, J. Schnitker, C. Hentschel, Jennifer-Christin Kuchernig, A. Holtdirk, G. Schöneberg, P. Nicken, K. Nolte, H. Henneicke-von Zepelin

{"title":"Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Double Blind, Controlled Studies Confirms the Efficacy and Safety of Esberitox in the Treatment of the Common Cold","authors":"B. Naser, J. Schnitker, C. Hentschel, Jennifer-Christin Kuchernig, A. Holtdirk, G. Schöneberg, P. Nicken, K. Nolte, H. Henneicke-von Zepelin","doi":"10.12970/2308-8044.2021.09.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12970/2308-8044.2021.09.04","url":null,"abstract":"Herbal medicines like Esberitox (TOX, wild indigo root stock, echinacea root, thuja tips and leaves) are used to treat common colds. Several randomized, controlled trials (RCT) document the efficacy and safety of TOX in this indication. So far its efficacy and safety has not been evaluated meta-analytically. \u0000We included individual patient data from all 825 patients from 3 RCTs. 693 patients had been treated with TOX, 132 with placebo (PLA) (7-9 days). All symptom scores were adjusted to baseline and meta-analyzed regarding area under the curve (AUC), time to response (≥50% decrease of symptom score), response rate and duration of the cold. \u0000The AUCs of the rhinitis score were 19.05 with TOX superior to 20.57 with PLA (p=0.020), bronchitis score 14.92 versus 16.16 (p=0.039) and well-being 208.4 versus 216.4 (p=0.008). Response rates were higher in TOX than PLA in all scores. The times to response showed an acceleration of the healing process of rhinitis (1.5 days, p=0.049), bronchitis (2 days) and pain (2 days, p=0.008). The duration of the cold was shortened by TOX by up to 2.3 days. The ADR-rate did not differ significantly (2.7% vs. 1.5%, p=0.41). Tolerability was good to very good in 98.4% (TOX) and 99.2% (PLA) (p=0.34). In conclusion, this meta-analysis confirmed the efficacy and tolerability of Esberitox at a higher level of evidence. It accelerates the improvement of cold symptoms by up to 2 days and shortens the duration of colds by up to 2.3 days.","PeriodicalId":307164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130517326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic Aspects of Five Commonly Used Non-Insulin Anti-Hyperglycemic Medications in Type 2 Diabetes 5种常用非胰岛素抗高血糖药物在2型糖尿病中的代谢作用

Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.12970/2308-8044.2021.09.03

A. Rizvi

{"title":"Metabolic Aspects of Five Commonly Used Non-Insulin Anti-Hyperglycemic Medications in Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"A. Rizvi","doi":"10.12970/2308-8044.2021.09.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12970/2308-8044.2021.09.03","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes is a growing public health challenge while carrying a significant health burden for the patient suffering from it. The worldwide prevalence of diabetes in 2019 was estimated to be 9.3%. Fortunately, a number of drug classes are now available for the medical management of hyperglycemia in this disorder. Metformin and the sulfonylureas are time-tested medications that are effective and inexpensive as first-line medications. The incretin-based therapies, namely the glucagon-like peptide-1 agents and the dipeptyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, offer novel mechanisms of gut hormone and appetite modulation. The former combine weight loss and cardiovascular benefit with glycemic control. The sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors have a unique glycosuric action that lowers glucose while being of value in congestive heart failure. Almost all these classes of antihyperglcyemic agents can be used in various combinations with one another as well as with different insulin regimens. This article shows the chemical structures and summarizes the mechanistic and therapeutic aspects of the five main classes of noninsulin glucose-lowering medications approved for use in patients with type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":307164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116143827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Probable Case of Kava Induced Cholestatic Liver Injury with Causality Assessment by the updated RUCAM 一个可能的卡瓦引起的胆汁淤积性肝损伤的病例与更新的RUCAM的因果关系评估

Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry Pub Date : 2020-12-25 DOI: 10.12970/2308-8044.2020.08.11

H. Zobel, Madhuri Chengappa, Ipsit Pandya, Izat Hjazi

引用次数: 0

Liver Injury by Drugs Metabolized via Cytochrome P450 细胞色素P450代谢药物对肝脏的损伤

Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry Pub Date : 2020-12-25 DOI: 10.12970/2308-8044.2020.08.12

R. Teschke, F. Main, G. Danan

引用次数: 5

Medicinal Chemistry of Brazil Nuts: An Overview 巴西坚果的药物化学研究综述

Journal of Modern Medicinal Chemistry Pub Date : 2018-06-29 DOI: 10.12970/2308-8044.2018.06.02

C. Ferrari

引用次数: 1