BHNP: Business History & Governmental Policy (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Sectoral Development of Cultural Tourism Centers in Kerala – A Study Based on the Specialities of Cultural Tourism Products in God’s Own Country","authors":"Jaseela Thanikkad, Dr. Shanimon. S","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3904557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3904557","url":null,"abstract":"Tourism is becoming a vibrant and significant contributor to the sustainable development of Kerala. The state offers a world class, local visitor experience. The tourism sector attracts investment, which makes it more sensitive to the natural environment. Kerala is a global brand in the field of tourism. We have increased our market share inside and outside India. Cultural tourism is gradually gaining wide acceptance as a real tourist destination and becoming one of the most promising areas of economic development of our country. Cultural tourism products in Kerala are not marketed properly. Cultural tourism is gaining more and more tourists these days. It is a common fact that tourists may be more interested in the than the hosts culture of the native place they visited. Culture is associated with religions, beliefs, customs, traditions, languages, rituals, arts, and the way of life of people living in a particular geographical area. This study highlights the analysis of the growth rate of Kerala tourism and Kerala","PeriodicalId":302324,"journal":{"name":"BHNP: Business History & Governmental Policy (Topic)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133378613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hunting the Big Five: Twenty-First Century Antitrust in Historical Perspective","authors":"R. Langlois","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3124356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3124356","url":null,"abstract":"Voices along the whole of the political spectrum are calling for heightened scrutiny of American information-technology companies, especially the Big Five of Amazon, Apple, Facebook, Google, and Microsoft. One of the principal themes of this uprising is that present-day antitrust policy, forged in the rusty era of steel, oil, and cars, is now obsolete. We are in the age of information, which ipso facto calls for new rules. A second animating theme is that the antitrust thinking of the Chicago School, which came to prominence in the last quarter of the last century, must be completely overthrown. Proponents of this new antitrust ground their arguments by returning to the historical roots of American antitrust policy. My contention, however, is that the new antitrust gets this history wrong. It both misconceives the nature of the competitive process and deliberately refuses to confront the political economy of antitrust. In so doing, it adopts some of the worst traits of the Chicago School it criticizes while manifesting few of that school’s many virtues.","PeriodicalId":302324,"journal":{"name":"BHNP: Business History & Governmental Policy (Topic)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126328076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmentation of Georgian Population According to Financial Capabilities and Money Management Style","authors":"B. Gechbaia, Merab Vanishvili, Z. Mushkudiani","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2986936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2986936","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is based on the latest literary sources and rich factual materials, based on the peculiarities of the financial behavior of the Georgian population, implementation of its segmentation according to the financial capabilities and money management style. \u0000As a result of the survey, 6 segments of the Georgian population are presented according to their financial capabilities, which are united under the following 3 relevant socio-economic statuses: Financially adapted socio-economic status (28.3% of the population); financially more or less adapted socio-economic status (35.9%); financially poor economic status (32.4%). \u0000During the study process, 23 regulations related to money management were used, which made it possible in depth study of the money management ways spread in the population. Based on the analysis of the answers received on the above mentioned 23 provisions, it is separated 6 segments according to money management style in Georgia: Financially Responsible (34% of the population), Having financial Fears (22%), Having business thinking (12%), Loaded with debt (16%), Spender 11%), and \"Shopaholic\" (5%). \u0000The important aspects of financial behavior are discussed in the article, such as the knowledge of basic financial concepts and the ability to use in real life, personal and management of household finances, set financial goals and make concrete steps to achieve them, saving and budgeting, preparedness for financial surprise and pension age, borrow and debt management, awareness and use of financial products.","PeriodicalId":302324,"journal":{"name":"BHNP: Business History & Governmental Policy (Topic)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129154518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free Banking and Economic Growth in Lower Canada, 1817-1851","authors":"Mathieu Bédard, Vincent J. Geloso","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2482313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2482313","url":null,"abstract":"Generally, the historical literature presents the period from 1817 to 1851 in Lower Canada (modern day Quebec) as one of negative economic growth. This period also coincides with the rise of free banking in the colony. In this paper we propose to study the effects of free banking on economic growth using theoretical and empirical validations to study the issue of whether or not economic growth was negative. First of all, using monetary identities, we propose that given the increase in the stock of money and the reduction in the general price level, there must have been a positive rate of economic growth during the period. We also provide complementary evidence drawn from wages that living standards were increasing. It was hence impossible for growth to have been negative. Secondly, we propose that the rise of privately issued paper money under free banking in the colony had the effect of mitigating the problem of the abundance of poor quality coins in circulation which resulted from legal tender legislation. It also had the effect of facilitating credit networks and exchange. We link this conclusion to the emergence of free banking which must have been an important contributing factor. Although we cannot perfectly quantity the effect of free banking on economic growth in Lower Canada, we can be certain that its effect on growth was clearly positive.","PeriodicalId":302324,"journal":{"name":"BHNP: Business History & Governmental Policy (Topic)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115570721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consider it Internal","authors":"T. Harrison","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2051815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2051815","url":null,"abstract":"For years, companies have applied internal controls to their daily processes to alleviate errors, fraud, and misstatements while attempting to mitigate risk. This paper discusses the difference between Statement of Audit Standard: Consideration of Internal Control Structure in a Financial Statement Audit No. 55 and Statement of Audit Standard: Consideration of Internal Control in a Financial Statement Audit No. 78. It briefly describes the methods of internal control prior to the onset of SAS 55 and the problems faced in implementing the standard. This report also acknowledges COSO as the originator of the definition of internal control used in the amendment SAS 78. The five COSO components at the heart of SAS 78 are: Control Environment, Risk Assessment, Control Activities, Information & Communication, and Monitoring. It further discusses ERM as a revision to COSO’s original definition and questions why it was not implemented into the standard.","PeriodicalId":302324,"journal":{"name":"BHNP: Business History & Governmental Policy (Topic)","volume":"243 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120881932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Relative Effectiveness of Monetary and Fiscal Policies in Nigeria: A Cointegration and Error Correction Approach","authors":"O. Aigheyisi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1944585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1944585","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the relative effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policies in Nigeria within the period 1981 to 2009. Using quarterly data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria and employing the cointegration and error correction methodology, the study finds a significant positive relationship between contemporaneous values of RGDP and GOVEXP and a positive relationship between RGDP and one-quarter lagged value of money supply. Thus, while fiscal policy action in current quarter was observed to impact positively on economic activities in the current quarter, the impact of monetary policy action was delayed till the next quarter. The paper however finds that the positive impact of monetary policy action on economic activities was more significant than that of fiscal policy within the period covered by the study. The paper concludes that both policies should be seen as complementary demand management policies and each should be implemented in economic situations for which they are best suited.","PeriodicalId":302324,"journal":{"name":"BHNP: Business History & Governmental Policy (Topic)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125148243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some Reflections on Tourism and Tourism Policy in India","authors":"R. Baken, S. Bhagavatula","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2122440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2122440","url":null,"abstract":"In 1982, the Indian Government presented its first tourism policy. In retrospect one could argue that the novely of the subject, its low priority and the belief in its potential as a social engineering tool (in keeping with Indian public ideology at that time), contributed to a rather simplistic piece of work. It took the government until 2002 to present an updated policy document. Those expecting a clear line of thinking and plan must have been quite disappointed by the new policy. It is based on a number of incompatible perspectives, of which those of the international development community and the international lobby group of tourism and travel related industries (the WTTC) are the most pronounced. As a result, it starts from the idea that tourism is both a threat and an engine of growth. By means of this paper, we want to focus on some of the central ideas and starting points of the Indian tourism policy. We will argue that there is something fundamentally wrong with the public ideas concerning the economic (growth) potential of (international) tourism and the role of tourism as a development tool. We will also contend that, even after all these years of tourism development, very little is known on who the tourists in India actually are and what they want. Our reflections are based on our own experience as tour operators and travel guides in India as well as on our (limited) reading of public documents and research papers. As research scholars, our fields of specialisation lie elsewhere. Nonetheless we think that our observations could provoke a fruitful discussion on central policy issues.","PeriodicalId":302324,"journal":{"name":"BHNP: Business History & Governmental Policy (Topic)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130263850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"100 Years of Administrative History of the International Museum of Ceramics in Faenza: A Virtual Appendix","authors":"Maria Lusiani, Luca Zan","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1656634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1656634","url":null,"abstract":"The authors develop a longitudinal case study on 100 years of administrative history of the International Museum of Ceramics in Faenza, Italy (MIC). The case history is based on an archive analysis of the minutes, reports, and financial accounts of the meetings of the Museum’s Board of Directors over a century. What follows is a sort of a virtual appendix of the article “Change and continuity in managerialism. A 100 years of administrative history at International Museum of Ceramics in Faenza”, Management and Organizational History (forthcoming). As stated in the abstract, that paper “offers a long-term perspective on the debate on managerial transformations in the public sector: how public sector organisations actually arrived at such changes, what processes, discourses and practices are transformed and how. This is investigated through archival research and a longitudinal analysis of 100 years of the administrative history of an Italian museum. Taking a historical perspective allows us to account for organisational changes that occurred over time, including major reforms in the governance structure and the dynamics of some core managerial features. Such an approach enables a more in-depth, empirically grounded, and historically aware discussion on the so-called rise of managerial issues in the public sector”. Narrating a 100 year narrative in a 8.000 words journal article is almost impossible, but on the other hand space constraints for journal publications cannot be overcome. What we propose here is a sort of virtual appendix, offering much more detailed description of archive findings compared to what was possible in the article, where we work on interpretation of the findings. The reader interested in the story is suggested to read the article first, to position the research, the background, the methods, and come back to this in-depth, chronological reconstruction of the Museum’s administrative history for further details, before going back to the article analysis of the data here presented. Rather than summing up the discussion of the article in these pages, we use them as appendixes are normally used.","PeriodicalId":302324,"journal":{"name":"BHNP: Business History & Governmental Policy (Topic)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124854760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migration Creation, Diversion, and Retention: New Deal Grants and Migration: 1935-1940","authors":"Todd Sorensen, P. Fishback, Samuel K. Allen, S. Kantor","doi":"10.3386/W13491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W13491","url":null,"abstract":"During the 1930s the federal government embarked upon an ambitious series of grant programs designed to counteract the Great Depression. Public works and relief programs combated unemployment by hiring workers and building social overhead capital while the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) sought to raise farm incomes by paying farmers not to produce. The amounts distributed varied widely across the country and potentially contributed to population shifts. We examine the extent to which New Deal spending affected domestic migration patterns in the second half of the 1930s. We estimate an aggregate discrete choice model, in which household heads choose among 466 economic subregions. The structural model allows us to decompose the effects of program spending on migration into three categories: the effect of spending on keeping households in their origin (retention), the effect of pulling non-migrants out of their origin (creation), and the effect of causing migrants to substitute away from an alternative destination (diversion). An additional dollar of public works and relief spending increased net migration into an area primarily by retaining the existing population and creating new migration into the county. Only a small share of the increase in net migration rate was caused by diversion of people who had already chosen to migrate. AAA spending contributed to net out migration, primarily by creating new out migrants and repelling potential in migrants. A counterfactual analysis that examines what would have happened had there been no New Deal spending during the 1930s suggests that the uneven distribution of New Deal public works and relief spending explains about twelve percent of the internal migration flows in the United States between 1935 and 1940. The uneven distribution of AAA spending accounted for about one percent.","PeriodicalId":302324,"journal":{"name":"BHNP: Business History & Governmental Policy (Topic)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124999511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of Reserves and Interest Rates in a Model of Bank Runs","authors":"Geethanjali Selvaretnam","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1015234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1015234","url":null,"abstract":"Banks fail because of bad economic fundamentals, or panic withdrawals by depositors. We show that even though there is no need for regulation when the bank’s policy regarding its solvency is transparent, there is indeed need for regulation if there is a lack of transparency. When the bank has private information, it chooses lower reserves and higher early returns than what maximises depositor welfare, which increases the probability of bank runs. Therefore the regulators should .x a maximum for early return and minimum for reserves. With transparency, there is excess reserves, and this inefficiency increases with the proportion of impatient agents.","PeriodicalId":302324,"journal":{"name":"BHNP: Business History & Governmental Policy (Topic)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124913095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}