{"title":"Cultural anthropology’s love-hate relationship with evolution: what will the future bring?","authors":"Van Schaik, P. Carel","doi":"10.5167/UZH-192455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5167/UZH-192455","url":null,"abstract":"Cultural anthropology and evolutionary biology arose around the same time, and both adopted the same evolutionist framework. Their paths soon diverged, however, largely because anthropology rejected the notion of evolutionary progress—and thus the notion of the existence of primitive versus advanced races—before evolutionary biology did. Most anthropologists subsequently rejected all evolutionary interpretations of ethnographic patterns and thus all biological influences on human behavior. Most evolutionary biologists until recently ignored the massive role of culture in guiding human behavior. Promising recent work suggests that important new insights emerge when evolutionary and cultural influences on behavior and society are integrated. The success of these new approaches indicates that the presence of a similar mental substrate everywhere produces a non-trivial level of predictability and thus convergence in cultural evolution. Future work along these lines should therefore yield novel insights in how humans respond to changing subsistence or institutional arrangements.","PeriodicalId":29951,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Ethnologie","volume":"42 1","pages":"77-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77257466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bodendegradierung und Ernährungskrise bei den Ouldeme und Platha. Umwelt- und Ernährungsprobleme bei zwei Feldbauerngruppen in den Mandarabergen Nord- Kameruns: Eine Folge der Adaptation an Monetarisierung und Wandel traditioneller institutioneller Rahmenbedingungen","authors":"T. Haller","doi":"10.7892/BORIS.52830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7892/BORIS.52830","url":null,"abstract":"The Ouldeme and the Platha are two traditional farming communities of northern Cameroon. During the A.'s field work between 1990 and 1991, both groups in this semi-arid zone faced an environmental crisis and food shortages which cannot be explained by neo-Malthusian theory. He offers explanations that are influenced by the new institutional economics and anthropology and focuses on the various changes during colonial and post-colonial times. These include the monetarisation of social relationships as well as changes in traditional institutions of land use, traditional management of the harvest, and restricted beer production. There are also changes in rules concerning land use. Neglecting to maintain terraced fields under rent for one year and terraced fields in mortgage because of insecure land tenure seems to be one of the major changes leading to soil erosion. The A. explains how different gender and age-specific individual strategies of adaptation to monetarisation, that give short-term pay-offs, lead to environmental degradation and food insecurity in the long run, and change traditional institutions that once helped people to use the resources in a more sustainable way.","PeriodicalId":29951,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Ethnologie","volume":"7 1","pages":"335-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85477158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The highest age among peoples of all continents according to material from the Human Relations Area Files].","authors":"T Weinert","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29951,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Ethnologie","volume":"106 1-2","pages":"51-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22024723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}